Take a look at the 6 statements stated by people having PhD. Agree or disagree with them, prove your opinion.

‘WISDOM IN A NUTSHELL’

(1) "In any creative endeavour you need a break, whether it is scientific research or anything else. The harder you work at it the more likely you are to get the break you want." Harry Kroto, Professor of Chemistry, Florida State University	(2) "The movie scientist who shouts 'eureka' is far from reality. You have to be passionate about your subject and willing to endure months of drudgery." Mike Benton, Professor of vertebrate palaeontology, University of Bristol
(3) "Often research doesn't go as expected. I discovered pulsars about two years into my PhD. It was too late to change the title of my thesis, so they appeared in the appendix." Jocelyn Bell Burnell, Professor of physics, University of Oxford	(4) "Find an understanding spouse that won't let you quit when the going gets tough. My wife earned at least half my doctorate." PaulNahin, Professor emeritus of electrical engineering, University of New Hampshire
(5) "Surround yourself with smarter colleagues and listen and learn from them." Mike Owen, head of the Biopharmaceuticals Centre	(6) "Think carefully about who you choose as your supervisor. It can be very inspirational to be supervised by a well-known professor, but nowadays academics can be abroad a lot. You need someone to talk to about your research on an everyday basis." Wendy Hall, Professor of computer science, University of Southampton

17 February 2007/New Scientist

PROJECT WORK

“Why did I choose this university?”

10 You are going to present your university. Choose one of the aspects from the diagram above (general info, students’ life, academics and research) and prepare a 3-5 minute presentation. Use the English version of your university site to help.

WRITING

Write a letter to your foreign pen-friend (approximately 100-150 words).

In your letter:

§ tell about your university

§ invite him/her to study here

CHECKLIST

Assess your progress in this unit. Tick (ü) the statements which are true.

	I know the structure of engineering education.
	I can present my university.
	I know the advantages of PhD degree.

UNIT 3

Are you good for this job?

STARTING UP

1 In your opinion, which factors below are important for getting a job? Choose the seven most important.

age sex appearance astrological sign

contacts and connections experience family background handwriting

hobbies intelligence marital status personality

qualifications references sickness record blood group

2 What characteristics from the list can you choose for a chemical engineer? Can you add anything?

interpersonal dealings communications ability organizational capability balance between family and work technical skills leadership ability

READING

3 Discuss in pairs these questions.

· Did engineers change from the past time?

· What does the 21^st-century engineer look like?

4 Now listen to the text. What does it say about the question above? Then scan the text and compare your answer.

5 Read the text and give the headings for the paragraphs (A- C).

21^ST-CENTURY ENGINEERS MOVING AT INTERNET TIME

A

The Internet. Global markets. Time compression. Competitiveness. We increasingly live in a connected world where packets of information whiz around the globe at the speed of light. Not long ago, the engineer of the Cold War prepared for work by immersing himself in a narrow technical discipline, expecting to work his entire career for one of a small number of gigantic employers on some specialized subsystem of a defense-related or smokestack megaproject.

Today's engineer is on a different planet. He or she faces a life filled with multiple project assignments with an almost interchangeable array of employers, clients, startups, and established firms; these assignments require an extraordinarily broad set of technical, business, and interpersonal skills performed as part of ever-changing and shifting interdisciplinary teams.

B

This change in work life has been as rapid as it has been dramatic, and the job here is to survey those nontechnical skills essential to being a successful engineer in the 21st century. As opposed to the Cold War engineer, we call the ideal engineer of our times an entrepreneurial engineer, and here we interpret the word entrepreneur quite broadly.

In the traditional sense of the word, today's engineer is more likely to find him or herself as part of a startup, replete with 13-hour workdays, a Blackberry, and stock options. But even when today's engineer works in more traditional settings, he or she is likely to find that both the job itself and effective career management require a more venturesome attitude and approach. Increased competition places enormous pressure on companies to continue to improve and innovate in creating new product lines, acquiring new customers, adopting new technology, and implementing better business practices. In larger companies, words have been coined to describe this need, entrepreneurship or corporate entrepreneurship. However, this pervasive orientation toward opportunity, inno­vation, and reward is now also necessary in the management of one's own career.

C

In times past, employers took a paternalistic view of employees, managing their remuneration, health benefits, and retirement over the course of an entire career. Those days are largely gone, and today's engineer must take charge of his or her career by seeking a challenging sequence of work experiences that help build a marketable portfolio of diverse skills. Entrepreneurial engineers meet the challenges of changing times as opportunities, seeking challenging and rewarding work together with an appropriate balance of intellectual, financial, professional, and personal growth.

“Keys to Engineering Success” Jill S. Tietjen, Kristy A. Schloss

Дата добавления: 2015-10-31