Варіант 2. Why is International Business Different?

Why is International Business Different?

1. International business differs from domestic business in that a firm operating across borders must deal with the forces of three kinds of environments — domestic, foreign, and international.

Forces in the Environments. Environment as used here is the sum of all the forces surrounding and influencing the life and development of the firm. The forces themselves can be classified as external or internal. Furthermore, management has no direct control over them, though it can exert influences such as lobbying for a change in a law, heavily promoting a new product that requires a change in a cultural attitude, and so on. The external forces are commonly called uncontrollable forces.

2. They consist of the following: competitive — competitors, their locations, and their activities; distributive — national and international agencies available for distributing goods and services; economic — variables (such as GNP and personal consumption expenditure) that influence a firm's ability to do business; socioeconomic — characteristics and distribution of the human population; financial — variables such as interest rates and inflation rates; legal — foreign and domestic laws by which international firms must operate; physical — elements of nature such as climate and natural resources; political — elements of nations' political climates such as forms of government and international organizations; sociocultural — elements of culture important to international business people; labor — composition and skills of labor; technological — technical skills, and equipment that reflect how resources are converted to products.

3. The elements over which management does have some command are the internal forces, such as the factors of production (capital, raw material, and people) and the activities of the organization (personnel, finance, production, and marketing). These are the controllable forces management must administer in order to adapt to changes in the uncontrollable environmental variables.

I. Знайдіть у тексті та випишіть еквіваленти таких слів та словосполучень:

мати справу, павколишнє середовище, внутрішні та зовнішні сили, здийснювати вплив,

конкурент, змінні показники, витрати, рівень інфляції, сировина, адаптуватися до змін

Найдите в тексте и выпишите эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний:

иметь дело, среда/окружение, внутренние и внешние силы, оказывать влияние,

конкурент, переменные показатели, расходы, уровень инфляции, сырьевые материалы,

адаптироваться к переменам

II. Перекладіть письмово абзац 2.

Переведите письменно абзац 2.

III. Випишіть з тексту речення з модальними дієсловами та перекладіть їх.

Выпишите из текста предложения с модальными глаголами и переведите их.

IV. Поставте 5 запитань до абзацу 1 та запишіть їх.

Поставьте 5 вопросов к абзацу 1 и запишите их.

V. Дайте письмові відповіді на запитання.

Письменно ответьте на вопросы.

1. What is business environment?
2. What forces do firms operating in business environment deal with?

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