Раздел 2. Упражнения по чтению

Упр.31. Прочитайте текст и выполните задания:

I. Read the text and fill in the first sentences in paragraphs where necessary. The sentences are given below.

1. Besides this, punishment can also be seen as a deterrent

2. On the other hand, it is said that such views are unreasonable and cruel

3. What is the purpose of punishment?

4. However, this form of punishment should also be considered.

_________________ One purpose is obviously to reform the offender, to correct the offender’s moral attitudes and antisocial behavior and to rehabilitate him or her, which means to assist the offender to return to normal life as a useful member of the community.

_________________ because it warns other people of what will happen if they are tempted to break the law and prevents them from doing so. However, the third purpose of punishment lies, perhaps, in society’s desire for retribution, which basically means revenge. In other words, don’t we feel that a wrongdoer should suffer for his misdeeds.

________________. On the one hand, some believe that we should “make the punishment fit the crime”. Those who steal from others should be deprived of their own property to ensure that criminals are left in no doubt that crime doesn’t pay. For those who attack others corporal punishment should be used. Murderers should be subject to the principle “an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth” and automatically receive the death penalty.

_________________ and that we should show a more humane attitude to punishment and try to understand why a person commits a crime and how society has failed to enable him to live a respectable, law-abiding life.

Useful vocabulary:

Deterrent – средство устрашения или сдерживания

Retribution – возмездие, расплата

Be deprived of – быть лишенным

II. Complete the following sentences choosing the most suitable option/options:

1. Rehabilitation means …

A) to assist people to hold traditional beliefs of right and wrong, justice and punishment.

B) to provide the guidance and control.

C) to restore a criminal to a law-abiding life.

D) to make people avoid committing crimes.

2. Some people are sure that we should …

A) make the punishment more severe.

B) understand the motives and conditions of a crime.

C) make the treatment more individual.

D) make the punishment more precisely fit the crime.

3. “Crime doesn’t pay” means that…

A) a sentence should vary with the offender’s past record.

B) the pain of penalty should overweigh the pleasure of success in crime.

C) crime stems from the breakdown of traditional social norms.

D) family and social control are the most effective means of crime prevention.

4. Retribution is designed to …

A) prevent people from committing crimes.

B) mitigate the influences contributing to crime.

C) help convicts on parole or probation to adjust to society

D) encourage punishment as revenge by society for evil.

III. Tick the False (F) statements.

1) ____ There is a number of purposes of punishment.

2) _____ The text lists types of punishment on the basis on individual personalities.

3) _____ The text provides information what punishment fits the crime committed.

4) ______ Reforming an offender refers to one of the most important purposes of punishment.

5) _______ Rehab refers to the limited responsibility of young or mentally deficient offenders.

6) ______ There are people who think that we should show a more humane approach to offenders.

7) ______ Punishment must be used to warn other people of what might happen if they break the law.

8) ______ Retribution is the only purpose of punishment.

IV. Answer the following questions:

1. Name the purposes of punishment.

2. In what way can punishment prevent people from committing a crime?

3. What purpose of punishment refers to the principle that an offender should suffer for his/her misdeeds?

4. What may happen if a person breaks the law?

5. What are the reasons for taking a more humane attitude to punishment of criminals?

6. What category of criminals should corporal punishment be used for?

Упр.32. Прочитайте текст и выполните задания:

Дата добавления: 2015-09-07