Exercise 5.3. While (conjunction)

Translate into Russian noting the various equivalents of the polysemantic while.

1....He was also carrying a large cushion, his suitcase, two rattles, a flag, a Thermos of hot cocoa, and a pile of marmalade sandwiches – several of which he ate in order to pass the time while he was waiting to go. (Bond)

2. "All right," said the games-master, turning to Paddington. "I'll hold up play for a moment while you get rid of your duffle coat." (Bond)

3. At this stage Edward was still uncertain whether or not to regard the women as his enemies. Perhaps his father had wished him to come, while they, under pretend politeness, were jealous and hostile. (Murdoch)

4. Tired of the ten large molehills... on his lawn, Mr X decided to remove them. After a vigorous campaign of bombing, gassing and waiting round in the dark with a raised shovel, he found that the ten molehills survived intact. There were also twenty-two new ones... he drove his Jaguar 2.4 automatic to the edge of the lawn and trained the headlamps upon the enemy zone. While reaching across for the poison, he knocked his car into reverse and accelerated through the wall of his cottage... While this certainly surprised the moles, it had no effect on the thirty-two molehills. (Alexander)

5. The most obvious effect of the Norman Conquest was its effect on the English language, which, while retaining an Anglo-Saxon basis, was to a great extent latinized through its assimilation of a Romance language. (Swann)

6. She was training to be a teacher of elocution and, while attending a school of drama, already had pupils of her own. (Spark)

5.4.For (preposition and conjunction)

For – грамматический омоним. Наряду с его употреблением в качестве предлога (см. комментарий 1.4), который отличается большой многозначностью, for является союзом и вводит части сложных предложений или самостоятельные предложения. Он соответствует в переводе русским союзам «так как», «потому что», «ибо», например: I asked her to stay to tea, for I had something to tell her. – Я пригласила ее остаться (у нас) на чай, так как я должна была кое-что ей сообщить.

Примеры:

(1) Aunt Ann did not ask him to explain this strange utterance. She knew what he was thinking. If Irene had no money she would not be so foolish as to do anything wrong: for they said – they said – she had been asking for a separate room... (Gals.)

Тетя Энн не попросила разъяснить это странное заявление. Она поняла мысль брата. Если у Ирэн нет своих средств, значит, она не наделает ошибок; потому что ходили слухи... ходили слухи, будто она просит отдельную комнату... (Лорие)

(2) But, afraid of losing the expansion of his chest, he leaned back again into a state of immobility, for he prized nothing so highly as a distinguished appearance. (Gals.)

Но вспомнив, что в таком положении его грудь кажется не столь широкой, Суизин откинулся назад и замер в неподвижности, ибо он ничто так не ценил, как внушительную внешность. (Лорие)

(3) I never did rightly see George, but his sulking presence was everywhere. For George is an old gray cat who has accumulated a hatred of people and things so intense... (Stein.)

Мне так и не удалось разглядеть Джорджа как следует, но присутствие этого мрачного существа чувствовалось повсюду. Ибо Джордж – это старый седой кот, в котором накопилось столько ненависти ко всему живому и неживому... (Волж.)

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