Language practice and comprehension check. A) Consult a dictionary to find the meanings of the following words and word combinations.

TASK I

a) Consult a dictionary to find the meanings of the following words and word combinations.

Active vocabulary

constituent v. constituency n.

to legislate on a subject, legislative adj.; legislation n.

to be in session

scrutinize v.; scrutinyn.; scrutineer n.

draft v.;draft n.

spokesman n.; spokesperson n.

adjourn v.

to override a veto

measure n.

induce v.; inducement v.

nominate v.; nominee n.; nomination n.

resign v.;resignation n.

dismiss v.;dismissal n.

treason n.

bribery n.; to bribe v.

misdemenour n.

b) Use the above words and word combinations to complete the following sentences.

1. Parliament has … against the sale of drugs.

2. I have made the first … of my speech for Friday but it still needs a lot of work.

3. The appeal court … the decision of a lower court.

4. The committee … for an hour for lunch.

5. He was … to steal the plans by an offer of a large amount of money.

6. A government … to prevent crimes in inner cities was widely discussed in press.

7. The justices … the witnesses’ evidence out of hand.

8. His … as chief executive was rejected by the board.

9. … is a less serious crime than felony.

10. A government … said today that their would be an official inquiry.

11. During the war time he was disloyal to his country and was found guilty

of ….

12. He … as a member of a committee.

13. He … the police sergeant to get the charges dropped.

TASK II Match the words on the left to the synonyms on the right.

1. accordingly a. cunning, keen

2. to curb b. to afford, to produce, to present

3. to antedate c. to appeal, to advocate, to encourage

4. to confer with d. to draft, to sketch out, to summarize

5. to scrutinize e. to deter, to impede

6. to provide f.1. to give, grant honour with

2. to consult, to converse, to discuss

7. to urge g.. correspondingly

8. to outline h. to precede in time

9. lofty i. regarded with respect

10. revered j. dignified

11. astute k.to analyze, look closely at

TASK III Match the words on the left to the antonyms on the right.

1. to pare a. to lose; to fail to do s-t

2. to achieve b. to accept, to adopt

3. to include c. to agree

4. to obstruct d. to exclude

5. to appoint e. to increase

6. to reject f. to remove

7. to refuse g. to help

TASK IV a) Study the meanings of the verb “to grant” and its derivatives.

grant(v.) to bestow or confer, with or without compensation, a gift or bestowal of one having control or authority

over it, as of land or money

grant(n.) conveyance, i.e. transfer of property real or

personal by deed or writing in a treaty…, not only

a formal grant is meant, but any concession,

warrant, or permission to survey, possess or settle,

whether written or parole, express, or presumed

from possession. Such a grant may be made by law

as well as by a patent pursuant to a law

grantee(n.) one to whom a grant is made

grantor the person by whom the grant is made

(Black’s Law Dictionary, abridged sixth edition)

b) Consult the text to find the nouns formed according to the same pattern. Provide the derivatives.

TASK V

a) Analyze the function of “as “ in each sentence. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. Individual members are more involved in committee work and are subject to increasing pressure as their constituents grow in number and become more demanding.

2. Confronted as he is with the necessity of legislating on numerous highly complicated subjects, the senator or representative tends to become a specialist in some area, leaving to others the task of integrating the entire legislative program.

3. The budget finally presented to Congress represents the economic philosophy of the President, as illustrated in his judgment of the nation’s needs and of best method of meeting them.

4. This measure is known as a pocket veto, and is final because Congress is not in session and cannot override it.

5. As party leader, the President may offer considerable inducement to legislators to win their full cooperation.

b) Find other sentences in the text which contain “as” in various functions. Make up your own sentences.

TASK VI Consider the meanings of the word “measure”. In which of them is it used in the text?

1. extent, degree, amount

2. a standard measurement as a foot, pound, etc.

3. a certain definite quantity

4. moderation or degree

5. a decree or an act of legislation

6. often pl. something done with a view to an accomplishment of a purpose

TASK VII a) Add adjectives to the following nouns:

1. statesmanship

2. politics

3. Lincoln

4. Wilson

5. bosses

6. president

7. leadership

b) Find the passage in the text in which the given word combinations are used and translate it into Russian. Pay special attention to translating adjectives. Discuss your versions in class.

TASK VIII a) Study the following sentences with the Gerund. Translate them into Russian.

1. He may bring pressure by appealing to the American people through his press conferences, which are widely publicized.

2. When Congress adjourns without enacting legislation desired by the President, he may call a special session in an effort to achieve his goal.

3. In vetoing a bill, the President returns it to the Congress without his signature.

4. It is an effective device for promoting cooperation between the legislative and executive departments.

5. As party chieftain, the president assists in raising money by appearing at important dinners and rallies.

b) Find other sentences in the text with the Gerund.

TASK IX Contribute to the topics:

1. The impeachment of President Andrew Johnson.

2. The Korean War.

3. The League of Nations

TASK X Summarize the last part of the text.

TASK XI Comment on the following statements:

1. The President has a national constituency.

2. A President’s authority is not as great as his responsibility.

TASK XII Express your attitude to the following quotation.

“Party is organized opinion.” (Benjamin Disraeli 1804-81)

What happens if the majority in Congress belongs to the presidential party? What occurs if the situation is the opposite?

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