Find all the nouns in Possessive case in the text. Explain their use.

Find all the sentences with Subordinate clauses in the text. Define their functions. Give your own examples of the same types of subordinate clauses.

3. Find all the words ending - s in the text. Define their functions as: 1) plural of a noun; 2) possessive case of a noun; 3) a verb in 3-rd person singular.

14. Engineers Develop Safer, Blast-resistant Glass

to protect	захищати	transparent	прозорий
to contain	містити	a fiber	волокно
blast-resistant	вибухостійкий	embedded	вбудований
vulnerable	уразливий	room	місце
an explosion	вибух	cracking	розтріскування
conventional	традиційний	to provide	забезпечувати
layer	шар	flexibility	гнучкість
a sheet	лист	quantity	кількість
to replace	замінювати

To protect from potential terrorist attacks, federal buildings and other critical infrastructures are made with special windows that contain blast-resistant glass. However, the glass is thick and expensive. Currently, researchers from the University of Missouri are developing and testing a new type of blast-resistant glass that will be thinner, lighter and less vulnerable to small-scale explosions. Conventional blast-resistant glass is made of laminated glass that has a plastic layer between two sheets of glass. MU researchers are now replacing the plastic layer with a transparent composite material made of glass fibers that are embedded in plastic. The glass fibers add strength because, unlike plastic, they are only about 25 microns thick, which is about half the thickness of a typical human hair, and leave little room for defects in the glass that could lead to cracking. The use of a transparent composite interlayer provides the flexibility to change the strength of the layer by changing the glass fiber quantity and its orientation.

Speech patterns

to be half (twice)	the thickness	of something	бути вдвоє тоншим (завтовшки), ніж...
the width	бути вдвоє вужчим (ширшим), ніж...
the size	бути вдвоє меншим (більшим) за розміром, ніж...

Say whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE.

1. The researchers from the University of Missouri are developing a new kind of glasses.

2. The conventional blast-resistant glass contained plastic.

3. The glass fibers used in the new technology are as thick as a pencil.

2. Give synonyms to the following words from the text:

to protect, expensive, currently, conventional, a fiber, a defect, quantity.

Use one of the options to fill in the gaps.

1. To make glass stronger, the researchers use glass ___.

a) tribes b) fibers c) strings

2. The composite layer inserted between sheets of glass is ___.

a) transparent b) laminated c) cracked

3. The new type of glass will be resistant to ___.

a) scratching b) heating c) explosions

Grammar Practice

1. Find all the noun chains in the text and give their translation. E.g. potential terrorist attacks – потенційні терористичні напади.

2. Find the sentences with predicates in Passive voice in the text. Define the tense of the predicate. E.g.: are made – the Present Simple Passive.

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