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Socio-demographical processes in Kazakhstan in 50-80-y. of XX century

History of Kazakhstan as a science. The purpose and objectives of the study. | Ethno political history of Usuns in written sources. | Political parties and movements in Kazakhstan in the early twentieth century. | Anti colonial struggle in Inner Horde under the leadership of I. Taimanov and M. Utemisov. | Policy of Khiva and Kokand toward the Kazakhs in the first half of Х1Х century | Abai Kunanbaev in the history and culture of the Kazakh people. | Oral tradition and literature in the ХIХ century. | Agricultural policy of tsarism in Kazakhstan in the second half of Х1Х century | Civil war on the territory of Kazakhstan (1918-1920) | Kazakhstan - an arsenal front during the Great Patriotic War |


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  7. C).The rule of law is developed from the writings of the nineteenth-century writer Dicey.

From 1940 to 1950 the population of Kazakhstan increased by 6%. Substantially this process was carried out at the expense of a mechanical gain. First of all it is special immigrants. For 1954-1958 it was constructed and put into operation of 730 industrial enterprises, for work on which on an orgnabor there arrived about 800 thousand people.

As a result of the events which have occurred for the twenty-year period between censuses of 1939 and 1959, population in the republic increased by 45,5%, winning first place in the USSR. The share of Russians, Germans, Ukrainians increased. About 1 million people took part in development virgin and laylands.

Only in the mid-seventies inflow of the population to Kazakhstan starts weakening. dnovremenno with inflow of the population to Kazakhstan in the seventies starts achieving of rates and reverse migration to RSFSR and the western republics that also affected reduction of a share of the European population in Kazakhstan. So, in 1970 the republic was left by 35 thousand people, besides number leaving constantly grew, having reached in 1988 95 thousand people. In 1959-1963 about 200 thousand people returned to Kazakhstan from China. It were the people who have left the homeland in days of civil war and collectivization. The most part of them was made by Kazakhs, Uyghurs and дунгане though among repatriates there were also Russians, Tatars, Uzbeks and Kyrgyz. Complication of the relations with the People's Republic of China in the early sixties stopped this process and more than 1 million Kazakhs it was necessary to live in the territory of a neighboring state.

By the end of the 80th years the number of leaving Kazakhstan citizens, started exceeding number of the arriving. Migration abroad, generally Germans and Greeks began.

 

81) December events of 1 986 years in Alma-Aty: the crisis of ethnocentric policies of the Soviet state.

performances of the Kazakh youth, occurred on December 17-18, 1986 in Alma-Ata which was at that time the capital Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic. According to the official version of excitement began because of the decision of the Secretary general of the Central Committee of CPSU of M. S. Gorbachev on removal from a position of the national leader — the first secretary of Communist Party of Kazakhstan Dinmukhameda Kunayev, and his replacement on earlier never Gennady Kolbin working in Kazakhstan, the first secretary of the Ulyanovsk regional committee of party. Increase of economic difficulties of the Soviet system in the conditions of different ethnodemographic tendencies of development of two main ethnoses Kazakh the Soviet Socialist Republic — Russians and Kazakhs that conducted to growth of social and international tension was the deep reason of the conflict. Performances began with peace demonstration on December 16, the first groups of the Kazakh youth came to capital Novuyu (Brezhnev) Square with requirements of cancellation of appointment of Kolbin.

According to the data published in Kazakhstan it is detained by law-enforcement forces of 8500 people, received heavy bodily harms. In a criminal order 99 people, among them 20-year-old K.Ryskulbekov, later the victim in prison were condemned.

Events of December 1986 steels the first in the USSR a mass meeting during which anti-Soviet slogans moved forward. Unwillingness to submit to the decision of the central authorities, open discontent with the new secretary general of the Central Committee of CPSU and policy pursued by it "cleaning of shots" and, the main thing, inability of the central authorities completely to take a situation under the control, created precedent which local elite across all USSR used. Representatives of the Kazakh patriotic movement appeared among those who the first threw down an open political challenge of authorities in power.

 

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