X-ray fiber diagrams 1264

X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XFS) 1223

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) 60

XFS see X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy

XPS see X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Xylan 834

– alkali resistant 445

– beechwood water prehydrolysis 344–345

– CBC pulp 285

– cooking liquor 303–304

– degradation rate in Gustavson–Al-Dajani

Kinetic model 253

– dissolving pulp characterization 1061

– enrichment 1051

– hydrolysis 343

– in relation to COOH 441

– in relation to screened yield 362

– in relation to viscosity-to-kappa number

Ratio 364

– influence on fiber morphology 180–181

– kinetic modeling of hardwood

Prehydrolysis 329

– molecular structure 28

– pulp fraction 440

– pulp residue 936

– radial distribution 1050

– redeposition 1048

– relative acid hydrolysis rates 417

– removal 936, 947, 949

– removal rate in prehydrolysis-kraft process

– reprecipitation 302, 1011

– residual content 260, 332, 444

– softwoods 29

– specific consumption in selected model of

Kraft cooking kinetics 221

– specific kraft pulping reactions 179

– structural changes 252–256

– TCF-bleached dissolving pulp 1049, 1051

– unbleached Visbatch® pulp 352, 358, 361

– viscosity 455

– yield as function of H-factor 438

Xylan backbone, substitution 883

Xylan chains

– cleavage 663

– hardwoods 29

xylan content 719–721, 940, 1029

– comparison with R18 contents 957–959

– purification yield 958

– specific yield loss 949

– yellowness coefficient 1030

Xylanase treatment 822

Xylem, age dependent changes 56

Xyloisosaccharinic acid, black liquor

Composition 968

Xylonic acid, content as function of H-factor

Xylose

– commercial paper-grade pulp 1013

– concentration development in beechwood

Prehydrolysis 336, 338

Index 1351

– content as function of H-factor 447

– decomposition 335

– degradation pathways 659

– formation of sulfonic acid under neutralsul

Fite conditions 422

y

Y-P bleaching 1131

Yellow birch, average moisture content 125

Yellow-poplar, average moisture content 125

Yellowing 1038

Yellowness coefficient

– diacetate solution 1029

– triacetate solution 1030

Yield

– carbohydrate amount in relation to lignin

Content in alkaline pulping 186

– increase achieved by polysulfide

pretreatment 310–311

– pulp washing 537–538

– wood components 438, 476

– see also pulp yield, screened yield

Yield loss 950, 956

– specific 949–951

Young–Laplace equation 132

z

Zero-span strength, sheets 1278

Zero-span tensile index

– commercial paper-grade pulp 1014

– commercial pulp 1020

– heterogeneous gas phase treatment 809

– pulp viscosity dependence 808

– viscosity dependence 842

Zero-span tensile strength 1019

Zimm-constant 1247

Zimm-plot 1247

ZP treatment 1038

– beech sulfite dissolving pulp 1039

Index

Дата добавления: 2015-10-21