About the Bologna Process

The aim of the Bologna Process is to create a European Higher Education Area (EHEA) based on international cooperation and academic exchange that is attractive to European students and staff as well as to students and staff from other parts of the world.

The envisaged European Higher Education Area will

• facilitate mobility of students, graduates and higher education staff;

• prepare students for their future careers and for life as active citizens in democratic societies, and support their personal development;

• offer broad access to high-quality higher education, based on democratic principles and academic freedom.

The Bologna Process is named after the Bologna Declaration, which was signed in the Italian city of Bologna on 19 June 1999 by ministers in charge of higher education from 29 European countries. Today, the Process unites 46 countries - all party to the European Cultural Convention and committed to the goals of the European Higher Education Area. An important characteristic of the Bologna Process - and key to its success - is that it also involves European Commission, Council of Europe and UNESCO-CEPES, as well as representatives of higher education institutions, students, staff, employers and quality assurance agencies.

What are the reforms all about?

• Easily readable and comparable degrees organized in a three-cycle structure (e.g. bachelor-master-doctorate): Countries are currently setting up national qualifications frameworks that are compatible with the overarching framework of qualifications for the European Higher Education Area and define learning outcomes for each of the three cycles.

• Quality assurance in accordance with the Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the European Higher Education Area (ESG).

• Fair recognition of foreign degrees and other higher education qualifications in accordance with the Council of Europe/UNESCO Recognition Convention.

• Work is also undertaken in areas of broader societal relevance, such as the links between higher education, research and innovation; equitable participation and lifelong learning.

The ongoing reforms will have a strong impact on how European higher education relates to higher education in other parts of the world, which is why Ministers have adopted a Strategy for the European Higher Education Area in a Global Setting.

ІІ. Виконання післятекстових вправ.

2. Перекладіть українською мовою:

To have a strong impact, to be named after, to sign, a key to success, employers, easily readable and comparable degrees, in accordance with, equitable participation, lifelong learning, to adopt, to be attractive to, facilitate mobility.

3. Дайте відповіді на запитання:

1. What is the aim of Bologna process?

2. Why is it called Bologna Process and who participates?

3. What is the influence of the ongoing reforms?

ІІ. Робота з граматичним матеріалом: Прикметник. Прислівник. Ступені порівняння.

Односкладні та двоскладні прикметники
	Вищий ступінь порівняння	Найвищий ступінь порівняння
Tall	Taller	The tallest
Wide	Wider	The widest
Big	Bigger	The biggest
Happy	happier	The happiest
Багатоскладові прикметники
	Вищий ступінь порівняння	Найвищий ступінь порівняння
Careful	More / less careful	The most / the least careful
dangerous	More / less dangerous	The most / the least dangerous
Особливі випадки вживання
	Вищий ступінь порівняння	Найвищий ступінь порівняння
Bad	Worse	The worst
Good	Better	The best
Far	Father Further	The farthest The furthest
Old	Older Elder	The oldest The eldest
little	less	The least
Не забувайте вживати сполучник than у вищому ступені порівняння прикметника: Ann is tallerthan Nick.
Запам’ятайте: As … as – такий … як Not so … as – не такий … як

ІII. Виконання граматичних вправ.

1.Розкрийте дужки, вживаючи необхідну ступінь порівняння прикметників.

1. The town is just as (large) as my native one.

2. The road was (long) than we had expected.

3. The girl is very (intelligent).

4. As soon as they understood that the second book was (boring) than the first one, they changed their mind.

5. The shop is (far) than the school.

6. Tim is (intelligent) than Pat.

7. The heat is less (harmful) than the cold.

8. This song is (beautiful) one in the world!

9. They are as (stubborn) as donkeys!

10. The weather today is (bad) than the weather yesterday but not as (bad) as it was four days ago.

11. The story was (exciting) one I have ever heard.

12. They were less (tired) than we.

13. George bought a (new) car than he could ever imagine.

14. The mark is a (good) than I expected.

15. They are very (upset) with the results.

2.Перекладіть англійською:

Давній товариш, старший син, найдовша дорога, брудна підлога, найсильніший спортсмен, більш складний приклад, дорога сукня, найрозумніший студент, більш комфортне крісло, найсвітліша кімната, тепліше пальто, гарніша дівчина, молодший брат, кращий день.

3.Перекладіть англійською:

1. Marry is taller than John.

2. He is more helpful than he used to be.

3. The restaurant is more expensive than the café.

4. Her son is the youngest pupil in the class.

5. It is the worst play I have ever seen.

6. If you eat a lot you will get fatter.

7. He doesn’t work so difficult as I do.

8. It is slowly getting colder and colder.

9. Volvo isn’t the most expensive of all the cars.

10. Nowadays computers are more complicated.

V. Робота з текстом за професійним спрямуванням.

1. Прочитайте текст та заповніть пропуски у ньому, використовуючи наступні слова:

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