Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt was an ancient civilization of Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River. The land was fertile and the climate warm and suitable for animal life and plant growth. It was as early as 4,000 В. C. that people began to settle along the Nile River. Traces of people in Egypt go as far back as the Stone Age. The people in the Nile Valley lived in family communes and tribes. The family communes were governed by elders. Very often the tribes quarrelled over the best grounds, and their quarrells led to war. When at war the tribes elected leaders to command the fighting men.

Like the people of the primitive communal society, the earliest inhabitants of Egypt searched for food, hunted and fished. Later they took up hoe farming. It should be noted that farming and cattle-breeding became the main occupations in Egypt in the 4th millennium В. C. The written history of Egypt probably began more than 6,000 years ago. One of the wonderful remnants of early Egyptian civilization are pyramids, particularly the pyramids of Giza. These tombs of ancient pharaohs are situated on the bank of the Nile near Memphis, the capital of ancient Egypt. The Pyramids of Giza strike one as being great in size. The biggest of them is the Pyramid of Cheops which is more than 500 ft high.

Cheops ruled over the country in the 3rd millennium В.C. He ordered this tomb to be built when he ascended the throne. Thousands of people participated in the construction of the pyramid which lasted for decades. The aim of building of all these monumental tombs is a subject of special research.

VІ. Виконання післятекстових вправ.

1. Доберіть англійські відповідники до поданих слів:

1) inhabitant A) діяльність

2) ancient B) община

3) decade C) житель

4) millennium D) давній

5) commune E) тисячоліття

6) tribe F) плем’я

7) occupation G) тваринництво

8) cattle-breeding H) мотика

9) hoe I) гробниця

10) tomb J) десятиліття

2. Установіть відповідність між терміном та дефініцією:

1) pharaoh	A) a monumental structure with a square or triangular base and sloping sides that meet in a point at the top
2) occupation	B) the leaders or senior figures in a tribe or other group
3) farming	C) the society, culture, and way of life of a particular area
4) elders	D) the systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions
5) pyramid	E) the activity or business of growing crops and raising livestock
6) civilization	F) the community of people living in a particular country or region and having shared customs, laws, and organizations
7) society	G) a mark, object, or other indication of the existence or passing of something
8) trace	H) a ruler in ancient Egypt
9) capital	I) a job or profession
10) research	J) the city or town that functions as the seat of government and administrative center of a country or region

3. Дайте відповіді на питання:

1) What was the geographical position of Ancient Egypt?

2) Why did people begin to settle along the Nile River?

3) What forms of society did the people in the Nile Valley live in?

4) What were the reasons of the wars between tribes?

5) What were the main occupations in Egypt in the 4th millennium В.C.?

6) What did the Egyptian build the pyramids for?

7) What’s the biggest pyramid in Egypt?

8) When did Cheops order to build the Pyramid?

9) How long did the construction of the pyramid last?

10) How many people participated in the construction of the pyramid?

Список літератури:

1. Барановська Т.В. Граматика англійської мови. Збірник вправ / Т.В. Барановська. – К.: ВП Логос-М, 2008. – 384 с.

2.Гужва Т.М. Reasons to Speak. Сучасні розмовні теми / Тетяна Гужва. – Х.: Торсінг Плюс, 2006. – 320 с.

Практичне заняття №2

Тема заняття: Рідне село або місце проживання

План заняття

І. Робота з текстом. Підготовка розповіді про рідне село або місто.

1. Прочитайте та перекладіть текст “Kherson”. Опрацюйте незнайомі слова, записавши їх у словник.

Дата добавления: 2015-07-26