Читайте также:
|
What do you know about …
1) the United Kingdom as an island state?
2) the main countries of the United Kingdom and their capitals?
3) the languages spoken in the United Kingdom?
4) powers the Queen has in the government?
5) who is next in line to the British crown?
6) the highest point in the British Isles?
7) the chief rivers of Great Britain?
8) Scottish names?
9) sightseeing of London?
10) famous people of Great Britain?
11) river which is associated with the name of Shakespeare?
11. Comprehension check. All the answers to these definitions begin with the letter „E”.
1. One of the countries of Great Britain.
2. Another name of Irish Republic.
3. The capital of Scotland.
4. Citizens of England.
5. One of the three parts of London.
6. A rare bird which lives only in the Scottish Highlands.
Speak about the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Focus on Grammar
Passive Voice
| to be + Past Participle (PP) |
I.
| Present Simple am / is / are + PP e. g. The office is cleaned twice a week. |
| Past Simple was / were + PP e. g. The office was cleaned last week. |
| Future Simple will be + PP e. g. The office will be cleaned tomorrow. |
| Present Continuous am / is / are being + PP e. g. The office is being cleaned now. |
| Past Continuous was / were being + PP e. g. The office was being cleaned when the boss arrived. |
| Present Perfect have / has been + PP e. g. The office has already been cleaned. |
| Past Perfect had been + PP e. g. The office had been cleaned by two o’clock. |
| Future Perfect will have been + PP e. g. The office will have been cleaned by the morning. |
II. Infinitive in Passive Voice: to be + PP
e. g. He wants to be told the truth.
III. Modal Verbs in Passive Voice: modal verb + be + PP
e. g. The roof of the house must be repaired.
Make up the sentences using the Present Simple Passive Tense as in the example.
Example: English (speak) in Great Britain.
English is spoken in Great Britain.
1. A tartan kilt (wear) by Scottish men.
2. The Britain Flag (name) Union Jack.
3. Great Britain (head) by the Queen.
4. Stonehenge (make) of massive blocks of stones.
5. The Beatles (know) all over the world.
6. The Queen’s power (limit) by the Parliament.
7. Bagpipes (play) in Scotland.
8. Bentley cars (produce) in Britain.
9. ”Yellow Submarine” (sing) by the Beatles.
10. Northern Ireland (call) the Emerald Isle.
Match column A with column B and make up your sentences using the Past Simple Passive Tense, then, in pairs, ask and answer questions as in the example.
Example: Speaker 1. Who was ”Oliver Twist” written by?
Speaker 2. It was written by Charles Dickens.
| Column A | Column B |
1. ”Oliver Twist” (write) a. Isaac Newton
2. The Globe Theatre (open) b. The Ancient Greeks
3. The Law of Gravitation (discover) c. Alexander Bell
4. The Panthenon (build) d. Charles Dickens
5. The telephone (invent) e. Leonardo da Vinci
6. The ”Mona Lisa” (paint) f. Shakespeare
7. ”Carmen” (compose) g. Admiral Nelson
8. Trafalgar Battle (win) h. Georges Bizet
9. Miss Marple (contrive) i. Madame Tussaud
10. Famous waxwork collection (create) j. Agatha Christie
Transform the following sentences into questions using the Present, Past or Future Simple Passive as in the example. Work in pairs.
Example: Mistakes are usually corrected by our teacher in class.
Are mistakes usually corrected by your teacher in class?
Yes, they are.
No, they aren’t.
What is usually corrected by your teacher in class?
Whose mistakes are usually correcte d by your teacher?
1. Scottish names were always preceded by ”Mac”.
__________________________________________
2. Great Britain is separated from the continent by the English Channel.
__________________________________________
3. Gaelic is spoken in Scotland.
__________________________________________
4. One day Prince Charles will be crowned in Great Britain.
__________________________________________
5. Stonehenge was built in 3.100 B.C.
__________________________________________
6. On all official occasions the national anthem is usually sung.
__________________________________________
7. Paul McCartney was made a peer by the Queen.
__________________________________________
8. A long time ago Scottish Society was divided into big family groups called ”clans”.
__________________________________________
9. Leeds is named the sister-city of Kharkiv.
__________________________________________
10. The Festival of poetry will be opened as a rule January, 25, the day of Robert Burn’s birth.
__________________________________________
11. The Crusaders were led by Richard the Lionheart in the 12th century.
___________________________________________
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct active or passive tense forms.
A. Tony O’Connel 1) _______ (work) for a large company. Last year, he
2) ______ (promote) to the position of manager. He 3) ______ (give) a large office and a company car. He now 4) ______ (have) a secretary who 5) ______
(answer) his calls, and he 6) ______ (pay) a lot more money than before. He
7) ______ (feel) very happy about his job now.
B. Floods 1) ______ (cause) when a river 2) ______ (burst) its banks.
This can happen if there 3) _______ (be) an unusual amount of rain, or if it snow 4) ______ (melt) and the river 5) ______ (overflow). When a flood
6) ______ (take place), crops 7) ______ (destroy) and homes 8) ______ (damage).
C. Dogs 1) ______ (be) very loyal animals. They can 2) ______ (keep) your company and 3) ______ (protect) you. However, you must 4) ______ (look after) your dog. They have to 5) ______ (take) for long walks and 6) ______ (feed) regularly. You may 7) ______ (find) that dogs are expensive pets, but they do 8) ______ (make) great companions.
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct active or passive tense forms.
Tea
Tea is 1) made (make) from the leaves of the tea plant. At first, it
2) ______ (use) as a medicine, but it 3) ______ (become) an everyday drink in the 3rd century A.D. First, the leaves 4) ______ (pick) from the plant and they are spread onto a cloth. They 5) _______ (leave) there for up to twenty hours. Next, the leaves are rolled up until they 6) ______ (break) into small pieces. Finally, the leaves 7) _______ (dry). The tea 8) _______ (pack) into containers and sent to different countries. It 9) ______ (sell) to customers as loose leaves, as tea bags and as instant tea. To make tea, we 10) ______ (boil) water and 11) ______ (pour) it over the dry tea in a teapot. This 12) ______ (leave) for three to five minutes. We can then add milk, lemon or sugar. In Britain, it was the custom to serve tea in the afternoons with sandwiches and cakes. This custom 13) ______ (start) by the Duchess of Bedford around 1840. Today, people 14) ______ (drink) tea all over the world.
Transform the following sentences into questions using Continuous Passive, as in the example. Work in pairs.
Example: The mistakes are being corrected by our teacher in the classroom now. Are the mistakes being corrected by your teacher in the clasroom now?
Yes, they are.
No, they aren’t.
What is being corrected by your teacher in the classroom now?
Who are the mistakes being corrected now by?
1. A very serious matter is being discussed by our group-mates now.
2. English was being spoken by us all the time during the lesson last Friday.
3. Our students are being examined in room 203 now.
4. These programs were being used in our work all the time last year.
5. A film with Nikulin is being shown on TV at the moment.
6. Nice meals are being cooked by my mother in the kitchen now.
7. The songs by the Beatles were being sounded all the time at the last festival.
8. The house was being cleaned by Tim the whole day yesterday.
9. The suspects are being questioned by the police now.
10. The garden fence is being repaired by Nick now.
11. A new carpet is being chosen by Kate at the moment.
Yesterday Paul and Kate drove past their old house and saw that it looked very different. Describe the changes using the Present Perfect Simple Passive as in the example.
A. Example: The roof / paint.
The roof has been painted.
1. the outside walls / paint.
2. new windows / put in.
3. a garden pond / make.
4. the trees / cut down.
5. a lot of flowers / plant.
6. the old gate / replace.
Mrs. Edison is a businesswoman. She was away on a business trip but now she is back. She wants to know what has been done while she was away. Use the prompts and, in pairs, ask and answer questions, as in the example.
B. Example: Speaker 1: Have they delivered my new desk?
Speaker 2: No, it hasn’t been delivered yet.
(Yes, it has already been delivered).
1. they / deliver / my new desk? (No)
2. you / post / the invitations? (Yes)
3. they / repair / the photocopier? (Yes)
4. you / type / last month’s reports? (No)
5. you / place / advertisement in the newspaper? (No)
6. you / pay / the bills? (Yes)
Make a passive sentence from the words in brackets, as in the example.
Example: 1. A: That’s a beautiful picture.
B: Yes, (it / paint / my mother)
It was painted by my mother.
2. A: Have they caught the thieves yet?
B: Yes. (two men / arrest / yesterday).
________________________________
3. A: Did you build the garage yourselves?
B: No. (the garage / build / before we moved in)
_________________________________
4. A: Why is Paul afraid of dogs?
B: (he / bite / a dog / when he was a little boy)
_________________________________
5. A: Sarah is very ill.
B: (she / take / to hospital last night)
_________________________________
6. A: This room is a disgrace.
B: (it / not clean / for weeks)
_________________________________
7. A: Did you know about your surprise party?
B: No. (it / arrange / in secret)
_________________________________
8. A: Are you going to drive to work today?
B: I can’t. (the car / not fix / yet)
_________________________________
9. A: Has Tom got a job?
B: No. (he / make redundant / last month)
_________________________________
10. A: Who teaches traditional dance at this school?
B: (dance classes / organize / former ballerina / last year).
_________________________________
A. Rewrite these sentences in the Passive, as in the example.
Example: We kept peaches in a large basket in summer.
Peaches were kept in a large basket.
1. They are holding a festival next month.
____________________________________
2. The company will offer guided tours.
____________________________________
3. They must fix the lock on that door.
____________________________________
4. Somebody stole a famous painting from the gallery yesterday.
____________________________________
5. Did Robert design that leaflet?
____________________________________
B. Rewrite these sentences in the Active.
Example: I was invited to a party by my friends.
My friends invited me to a party.
1. Some money will be given to charity by the Queen.
____________________________________
2. The room has been decorated by Ray.
____________________________________
3. The fence will be repaired by Jenny tomorrow.
____________________________________
4. That note wasn’t written by Rosie.
____________________________________
5. Tower Bridge is admired for its unusual design.
____________________________________
Rewrite the sentences in the Passive, as in the example.
Example: 1. I made this omelette with onions and cheese.
This omelette was made with onions and cheese.
2. Everyone consides her to be the best student in the group.
_____________________________________
3. Patric gave some flowers to Laura.
_____________________________________
4. They will have built the new bridge by the end of the year.
_____________________________________
5. People ask Jane questions about her job all the time.
_____________________________________
6. The detective had collected all the information before he handed in his report.
_____________________________________
7. Do people expert Mary to get a promotion this year?
_____________________________________
8. Frank doesn’t like people telling him what to do.
_____________________________________
9. They washed the car with soapy water.
_____________________________________
10. What did they decorate the streets with?
_____________________________________
Rewrite the sentences in the active, as in the example.
Example: A new cinema is being built in the city centre.
They are building a new cinema in the city centre.
1. Breakfast will be served at eight in the morning.
2. A lot of food was eaten at the party.
3. An old shipwreck has been discovered by divers.
4. She is going to be sent to England on business.
5. The exam had been taken by all the students.
6. The experiment was being done by the scientists.
7. The exhibition will be opened by the artist.
8. Designer clothes are sold in this shop.
9. The band’s latest video was made in Cardiff.
10. Every English monarch has been crowned in Westminster Abbey.
Complete the sentences, as in the example.
Example: It is expected that he will win the race tomorrow.
He is expected to win the race tomorrow.
1. It is thought that the school has good teachers.
The school _________.
2. It is said that she speaks seven languages.
She ______________.
3. It is believed that the missing jewellery has been found.
The missing jewellery ___________.
4. It is thought that she is a talented pianist.
She ___________.
5. It is said that the athletes train for eight hours every day.
The athletes _____________.
6. It is expected that the Cambridge team will break the world record.
The Cambridge team __________.
7. It is known that she is writing the best funny stories.
She _______________.
8. It is reported that the world leaders have reached an agreement.
The world leaders ______________.
9. It is reported that our University has won Olympiad.
Our University ____________.
10. It is expected that they will give her the prize.
She _____________________.
There are seven unnecessary words in the text below. Cross them out.
1. St. Patrick’s Hospital, which was been completed
2. last week, is to be opened this afternoon by the Minister
3. of Health. The hospital it was built on the site of the old
4. Opera House and is then the largest hospital in the
5. country. The wards they are modern and spacious, and
6. the building is filled by with the most up-to-date
7. equipment. The money for the hospital was been
8. raised by charity organizations and the Minister did
9. congratulated them on their hard work.
English in Use
Travelling
A. Catching a Train
Travel words.
to travel подорожувати
by train поїздом
by bus автобусом
by plane, air літаком
on business у справі
booking office білетна каса
waiting room зал чекання
inquiry office довідкове бюро
car, carriage, van вагон
compartment купе
to get on the train сідати на поїзд
to get off the train виходити з поїзду
arrive in\ at, get in прибувати
to catch the train встигнути на поїзд
to miss the train пропустити поїзд
fare плата за проїзд, вартість проїзд у
What`s the fare to Rome?
left- luggage office\ cheek room камера схову
Where can I leave my luggage? Де можна здати багаж?
the train leaves\ departs поїзд відходить
When is our train due? Коли прибуває наш поїзд?
Useful words and expressions.
- Single to Madrid, please. (= a ticket to Madrid)
- Return to Paris, please. (= a ticket to Paris and back)
- I`d like to book\ reserve a seat\ ticket in advance. (= to buy a ticket beforehand)
- Does this train go (= take me to) Barcelona?
- Is it a fast train or a stopping train?
- Is it a through train (=without need to change trains) or do I have to change? (= change to another train)
- Is there a buffet / restaurant car on this train? (= a place to eat on a train)
- A. Which platform for Rome?
- B. Number two.
- C. And when is the train due to arrive?
3. How do we call these?
1. A place where we can buy train tickets.
2. Bags and suitcases you take when you travel.
3. What you must pay when you travel.
4. A ticket from A to B only.
5. A place where you stand when you are waiting for a train.
6. A train from beginning to end and when there is no need to change trains.
7. A part of a train that carries passengers from place to place.
8. A place where you can leave your luggage at a railway station.
Complete these sentences with a suitable word.
1. The Edinburgh train ….. from platform six.
2. I think the next train is ….. to arrive in about ten minutes.
3. He prefers to ….. a ticket in advance.
4. I`ll get a couple of coffees from the ….. car.
5. They`ve just apologized for the late ….. of our train.
6. The journey to Bigtown takes half an hour and you ….. the train at the second stop.
7. If you travel by train you find your ….., enter the corridor and find your …..
8. They left a bit later and ….. the train.
Read these dialogues and act them out.
A) At the Railway Ticket Office.
A. Please, I want to go to Leeds. When`s the next train?
B. Let me see. There is one at 10.42. You change at Metz. And there is another at 11 a.m.
A. Is that direct or do I have to change?
B. That`s direct.
A. When is the train due?
B. It gets in at 14.40.
A. How much is a single ticket there?
B. 30 pounds and a return ticket is 55 pounds.
A. Return, please and I`d like a corner seat, facing the engine, in a non-smoker.
B. Here you are.
A. Which platform does the train leave from?
B. Platform 5.
A. Thanks.
B) At the Station
A. Here you are at last! Here is your ticket.
B. Oh, thank you. It`s a through train at 10 a.m., isn`t it?
A. Yes, but it`s all booked up.I think at 9.30 will do.
B. Yes, I`m glad we shan`t have to change. When is it due in Paris?
A. We are due there at 9.15 p.m.
B. And when is it leaving, by the way?
A. Oh, in ten minutes. Come on or we`ll miss it.
Make up your own dialogues.
B. Air Travel
Topical words
flight рейс, політ
When is the next flight to …? Коли наступний рейс до ….?
departure відправлення, від’їзд
check- in desk стійка реєстрації
destination місце призначення
to weight luggage важити багаж
boarding card посадковий талон
departure lounge зал вильоту
duty free безмитний
to take off злітати, відлітати
to land приземлятися
landing card картка посадки
gate вихід на посадку
From which gate does my flight leave? Де посадка на мій літак?
overhead locker накладні шафки
delay запізнення
cabin crew бортпровідники
to fasten a seat belt застебнути ремінь безпеки
baggage reclaim отримання багажу
to go through customs проходити митний огляд
Important Travel Information.
A) Departures
When you arrive at the airport, you can look at the departures board which shows the flight numbers (e.g. BA 735), departure times and destinations (e.g. Paris).
At the check-in-desk they weigh your luggage. Usually you can take about 20 kilos. If it is more, you may have to pay excess baggage (= you pay extra). They also check your ticket and give you a boarding card for the plane.
Then you go through passport control where an official checks you passport, and
into the departure lounge. Here you can also buy things in the duty free (e.g. perfume).
About half an hour before take-off, you go to a gate number (e.g. gate 14), where you wait before you get on the plane.
When you board the plane, you find your seat. If you have hand luggage, you can put it under your seat or in the overhead locker.
If there are no delays the plane moves towards the runway.
B) The Flight.
The captain (= the pilot)or cabin crew may say these things:
- Please fasten your seat belt
- The cabin crew are now coming round with landing cards (= cards you have to fill in when you enter certain countries).
C) Arrival
When the plane lands, and the doors are open, you get off the plane and walk through the terminal building and go to the baggage reclaim. You go through customs (GREEN= nothing to declare; RED =goods to declare)
Complete the word combinations using the words from the box
| control number desk card baggage lounge luggage reclaim locker |
1. boarding ….. 4. flight ……. 7. baggage …….
2. excess …… 5. overhead …… 8. passport ……..
3. check-in ….. 6. departure ……. 9. hand …….
Complete these sentences with a suitable word.
1. Do you know your flight times?
Yes, the plane … at 6 in the evening and … just after 10 o`clock.
2. Ladies and gentlemen: would you please … your seat belts.
3. I went through passport control and sat in the departure ……….
4. A woman at the check-in desk weighed my …….
5. I looked for our flight number on the departures ………
6. There was a mechanical problem, and we took off with a two-hour …..
7. Usually when we arrive at the airport with our luggage we go to ……..
The following sentences describe what you do when you go to an airport to catch a plane, but they are in the wrong order. Put them in the correct order.
- You go to the departure lounge.
- You arrive at the airport.
- You go to your gate.
- You go to the check-in desk
- You go to the duty- free shop.
- You get a boarding card.
- You board the plane
- You check in your luggage.
- You look at the departure board to see if your flight is boarding yet.
- The board tells you which gate to go to.
- You go through passport control.
Do the Crossword.
A _ _ _ _ _ _
I _ _ _
3. _ _ _ _ _ R _
4. _ _ _ _ - _ _ _
5. _ _ _ _ T
6. _ _ R _
7. _ A _ _ _ _ _
8. _ V _ _ _ _ _ _
9. _ _ E _
10. _ L _ _ _
Read these dialogues and act them out.
A) At the Ticket- Office.
A. Can I book a ticket to Madrid here?
B. Yes, sure. Which flight?
A. I think eight two one will do, it`s a through plane, isn`t it?
B. Yes, but it`s all booked up. I can offer you only flight eighty two five with a stop-over inParis.
A. What time does it get in?
B. At 5.45 p.m.
A. Thanks.
B) At the Check-In Desk.
A. Can I have your ticket, please?
B. Yes, of course. Here you are.
A. Do you have just one suitcase?
B. Yes. This bag is hand luggage.
A. That`s fine. Smoking or non-smoking?
B. Non-smoking, please. Oh … and I want a window seat.
A. Yes, that`s OK. Here`s your boarding card. Your flight will board at gate 14 in about an hour`s time. Have a nice flight!
B. Thanks. Bye.
Make up your own dialogues.
C. At the Customs
Topical words
customs officer митник
channel прохід
duty податок, митний збір
Where do they examine the luggage? Де перевіряють багаж?
Here`s my … Ось мій (моя, моє)….
passport паспорт
visa віза
health certificate довідка про стан здоров’я
certificate of vaccination свідоцтво про вакцинацію
declaration митна декларація
Have you anything to declare? /У Вас є речі, які підлягають
Is there anything liable to duty? обкладанню митом?
I have nothing to declare. / Я не маю нічого, що підлягає
There is nothing liable to duty. обкладанню митом.
Are you carrying any currency? Ви везете з собою валюту?
I have only used things and gifts У мене лише речі, які булі у. вжитку та подарунки
Will I submit for inspection …? Чи повинен я показати …?
Read these dialogues and act them out.
A) At the Customs
- Where is your luggage, sir?
- Here it is. A suitcase and a bag. Which do you want me to open?
- Open the suitcase, please. Have you anything to declare?
- I don`t think so. I have only articles for personal use and wear. By the way, shall I submit for inspection those PC diskettes?
- No need, sir, thank you.
B) Declaration
- Have you got anything to declare? Any spirits, wine, tobacco in excess of the duty-free allowance?
- No, I only have these cigarettes.
- Have you got any presents which you intend to leave in Spain?
- Yes, I`ve got this camera. I bought it this week.
- Have you got the receip t for this camera?
- Yes, here it is.
- If you wait a minute I`ll tell you how much duty you must pay.
- Thanks.
C) At the Passport Control
- Passport control officer: Could I have your passport, please?
- Traveller: Here it is
- How long are you going to stay here?
- 5 days.
- What`s the purpose of your visit?
- I travel on business.
- Could you produce your visa and declaration?
- Here they are.
- Your passport and visa are in order. Have a pleasant stay, sir.
- Thank you.
Make up your own dialogues.
THE USA
Pre-reading Activities
1. Think of three things related to the topic ”The USA”. Name them and give the reasons for your answers.
Share with your group mates three facts, you know, about the USA.
3. What is the USA famous for?
4. Read and learn the new words:
to occupy [ ) ΄k ј u p a ı] займати, заповнювати
to stretch [΄s t r e t ∫] тягтися, простягатися
to include [ı n΄k l u:d] включати, мати у своєму складі
to border [΄b ):d ə] межувати
lowland(s) [΄l ə u l ə n d] низина, оболонь, долина
to vary [΄v e ə r ı ] змінюватися
copper [΄k ) p ə ] мідь
ore [ ): ] руда
weapon [΄w e p ə n ] зброя
origin [΄ ) r i d ʒ i n ] походження
the executive [ı g ΄z e k j u t ı v] виконавча влада
the legislative [΄l e d z i s l ə t ı v] законодавча влада
the judiciary [d z u: ΄d ı ∫ ı e r ı ] судова влада
Reading Activities
Read the text paying attention to the words in bold:
The U S A
The United States of America is the fourth largest country in the world (after Russia, Canada and China). It occupies the central part of North America and stretches from the Pacific to the Atlantic Ocean. It also includes Alaska in the north and Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. The total area of the country is about nine and a half million square kilometres. The USA borders on Canada in the north and on Mexico in the south. It also has a seaboarder with Russia.
The USA is made up of 50 states and the District of Columbia where the capital of the country, Washington, is situated. The population of the country is about 250 million.
If we look at the map of the USA, we can see lowlands and mountains. The highest mountains are the Rocky Mountains, the Cordillera and the Sierra Nevada. The highest peak is Mount McKinley, which is located in Alaska.
America’s largest rivers are the Mississippi, the Missouri, the Rio Grande, and the Columbia. The Great Lakes on the border with Canada are the largest and deepest in the USA.
The climate of the country varies greatly. The coldest regions are in the north. The climate of Alaska is arctic. The climate of the Central Part of the country is continental. The south has subtropical climate. Hot winds blowing from the Gulf of Mexico often bring typhoons. The climate along the Pacific coast is much warmer than that of the Atlantic coast.
The USA is a highly developed industrial country. It is the leading producer of copper and oil and the world’s second producer of iron ore and coal. In the industrial enterprises of the country they produce aircrafts, cars, textiles, radio and television sets, weapon, furniture and paper.
Though mainly European and African in origin, the Americans are made up from nearly all races and nations, including the Chinese and the native Americans – Indians.
The largest cities are New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Philadelphia, Detroit, San Francisco and others.
The United States is a federal republic consisting of 50 states, each of which has its own government. The seat of the central (federal) government is Washington, D.C. According to the Constitution of the USA, the powers of the government are divided into 3 branches: the executive, headed by the President, the legislative, exercised by the Congress, and the judiciary. The Congress consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives. There are two main political parties in the USA: the Republican and the Democratic.
Post-reading Activities
1. Choose one of the words to make the sentences complete (use the correct form of the word):
1. The United States of America … the central part of North America.
2. The country … from the Pacific to the Atlantic.
3. America … Alaska in the north and Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean.
4. The USA … on Canada in the north and on Mexico in the south.
5. There are … and mountains in the USA.
6. The fourth largest country is the leading producer of … and oil.
7. Coal and … are mined in the south of the country.
8. Industrial enterprises produce aircrafts, cars, textiles, radio and TV sets, …, and furniture.
9. The President is the head of … branch.
10. … branch consists of the Congress that is divided into two houses: The Senate and the House of Representatives.
2. Match the word and its definition:
1. ore a) a starting point, parents and conditions of early life;
2. origin b) a soft reddish metal which can be beaten into shape easily and which conducts heat and electricity well;
3. weapon c) to be, make or become different;
4. lowland d) a tool for harming or killing in attack or defence;
5. copper e) the branch of the government that carries out the laws;
6. to occupy f) rock, earth or sand from which metal may be extracted, as iron ore;
7. to include g) an area of land lower than the land surrounding it;
8. to stretch h) to be in (a place), to fill (a certain position, space or time);
9. to vary i) to have as a part; to contain in addition to other parts; to put in with something else;
10. the executive j) the branch of government that administers justice;
11. the legislative k) to spread out;
12. the judiciary l) to be next to, to have a common border with;
13. to border m) the branch of the government that makes laws.
Choose the right answer.
1. The USA is situated in the central part of …
a) the South American continent;
b) the North American continent;
c) the South-West American continent;
d) the North-East American continent.
2. It is washed by … in the East, and by … in the West.
a) the Pacific Ocean; the Arctic Ocean;
b) the Atlantic Ocean; the Indian Ocean;
c) the Atlantic Ocean; the Pacific Ocean;
d) the Pacific Ocean; the Indian Ocean.
3. … are the only countries bordering on the USA.
a) Mexico to the North and Canada to the South;
b) UK to the West and Canada to the South;
c) Canada to the North and Mexico to the South;
d) Mexico to the East and Canada to the West.
4. Hawaii, which became the 50th state in 1959, is situated in ….
a) The Atlantic Ocean;
b) The Arctic Ocean;
c) The Pacific Ocean;
d) The Indian Ocean.
5. The climate of the USA is … in different regions of the country:
a) the same;
b) continental;
c) not homogeneous;
d) subtropical.
6. The USA is federation of … states.
a) fifteen;
b) fifty;
c) five hundred;
d) fifty–five.
7. The seat of the central government is ….
a) Washington;
b) New York;
c) Los Angeles;
d) Chicago.
8. The legislative branch is represented by ….
a) the Senate;
b) the House of Representatives;
c) the Congress;
d) the President.
9. The executive branch of the power is headed by ….
a) the Congress;
b) the President;
c) the Democratic Party;
d) the Republican Party.
10. American Congress includes two houses ….
a) the House of Lords and the House of Commons;
b) the House of Representatives and the Senate;
c) the House of Lords and the House of Representatives;
d) the Senate and the House of Commons.
4.Translate the sentences into English:
1. США – це назва країни, що складається з 50 штатів, об’єднаних у федеративну республіку.
2. Ця країна займає центральну частину Північної Америки і простягається з заходу на схід від Тихого до Атлантичного океану.
3. До складу США також входять Аляска на півночі і Гаваї у Тихому океані.
4. США межують з Канадою на півночі і Мексикою на півдні.
5. Якщо ми подивимось на карту США, то побачимо низини і гори.
6. Клімат країни дуже різноманітний.
13. США є лідером у світі з видобутку міді та нафти.
8. Хоч американці за походженням в основному європейці та африканці, тут представлені всі раси й нації, включаючи китайців і корінних американців – індійців.
9. Промислові підприємства країни випускають літаки, автомобілі, радіоприймачі й телевізори, зброю, меблі тощо.
10. Згідно з Конституцією в США є три гілки влади: виконавча, очолювана Президентом, законодавча, яку здійснює Конгрес, і судова.
5. Explain …
- why the climate of the USA varies greatly in different regions of the country;
- why the population of the USA is not homogeneous.
6. It is interesting to know…
1. Christopher Columbus never knew that he’d discovered a new continent. He reached a chain of islands in the Caribbean which he called the West Indies because he thought he had discovered a west passage to India.
2. The first known European settlement in the New World was established in Greenland about 985 by the descendants from a line of Viking chieftains.
3. The distance that Columbus covered on his way from Spain to Bahamas was about 6,275 kilometres (3,900 miles).
4. Hunting deer or bucks was a big business in the colonies. Indians and colonies often counted a person’s wealth in buckskins or bucks.
5. George Washington set a precedent refusing to run for the third term.
The unwritten rule was broken only by Franklin Roosevelt who was elected President four times.
6. The simple obelisk built in honour of G. Washington is often called the pencil.
7. The ”Potomac” means ”the river of the meeting of the tribes”.
8. America is the motherland of jazz, rock and roll, nylon and Coca-Cola.
9. The famous ship ”Mayflower” set sail to Virginia but was blown off its course and reached land on the shores of Cape Cod in present day Massachusetts.
10. Alexander Graham Bell first displayed his electric telephone in 1876 at the Exhibition in Philadelphia.
Make a report on the USA.
Focus on Grammar
Conditional Sentences
Choose the correct alternative.
Example: If I miss / I’ll miss the bus his afternoon, I’ll get a taxi instead. –
If I miss the bus his afternoon, I’ll get a taxi instead.
1. We’ll have to go without John if he doesn’t arrive / he won’t arrive soon.
2. They won’t refund / didn’t refund your money if you haven’t kept your receipt.
3. Will you send me a postcard when you reach / you’ll reach Mexico?
4. If I make some coffee, do you cut / will you cut the cake?
5. Did you work / would you work harder if you were better paid?
6. If you don’t complain / didn’t complain so much, you might be more popular.
7. Weren’t my friends / wouldn’t my friends be envious if they could see me now.
Complete the questions.
Example: A. I don’t know what’s happened to my dictionary.
I’ve looked everywhere for it.
B. What will you do if you don’t find it?
A. I suppose I’ll have to buy a new one.
1. A. I’m thinking of applying for the manager’s job.
B. Really? How _________ if you get it?
A. Oh, about ₤2.000 a year more than now, I suppose.
2. A. I don’t know what I’m going to do about money. I haven’t even got enough for my rent this week.
B. _________ if I lent you some?
A. Well, it would help, of course. But I can’t borrow from you.
B. Don’t be silly. How much do you want?
3. A. I hope the weather’s OK when I’m on holiday next week.
B. What ________ if it rains?
A. I’ve no idea. I’ve never been to Malta before.
4. A. I wish I could afford a new car.
B. What ________ if you could afford one?
A. Oh, I wouldn’t mind what make it was, as long as it didn’t keep breaking down.
5. A. I don’t think I’m going to pass my driving test next week.
B. What _______ if you don’t?
A. I won’t be able to get the job I want. They said I must be able to drive.
Дата добавления: 2015-10-26; просмотров: 172 | Нарушение авторских прав
| <== предыдущая страница | | | следующая страница ==> |
| Предпереводческий анализ текста | | | Лечение других |