Exercise 3.

Translate the sentences from Russian into English.

1. Именно этот алгоритм будет использоваться для решения уравнений.

2. Вы можете использовать только эту книгу.

3. Особую важность в данной ситуации имеет продолжительность ответа.

4. Несмотря на все недостатки, представленная теория все же может использоваться в научных

5. исследованиях.

6. В данной книге излагаются не только теоретические положения, но также анализируются

7. примеры из нашей практики.

8. Его поддерживали все работники предприятия.

9. Такая ошибка все же встречается в работе оборудования.

10. Радио было изобретено именно в России.

11. Для проведения эксперимента ученые использовали именно этот прибор.

12. Именно этот подход используется в его исследовании.

Exercise 4.

Translate the text from Russian into English.

Translation Theory

The study of proper principle of translation is termed as translation theory. This theory, based on a solid foundation on understanding of how languages work, translation theory recognizes that different languages encode meaning in differing forms.

Not only does translation theory include principles for translating figurative language but dealing with lexical mismatches, rhetorical questions, inclusion of cohesion markers, and many other topics crucial to good translation. Basically there are two competing theories of translation. In one, the main purpose is to express as exactly as possible the meaning of every word and turn of phrase in the original, and in the other the main purpose is to produce a result that does not read like a translation at all.

Conventionally, it is suggested that in order to perform their job successfully, translators should meet three important requirements:

1. the source language

2. the target language

3. the subject matter

The translator discovers the meaning behind the forms in the source language and does his best to produce the same meaning in the target language - using the forms and structures of the target language. Consequently, the meaning we should preserve in translation.

It was not until 1540 that the following fundamental principles of translation, usually regarded as providing rules of thumb for the practicing translator, were formulated by French translator and humanist Étienne Dolet.

The translator should understand perfectly the content and intention of the author whom he is translating. It is reading all the sentences or the text completely that can give the idea that you want to say in the target language because the more clearly and natural the translator’s language the more qualitative the translation is.

The translator should have a perfect knowledge of the language from which he is translating. Neither can the importance of an excellent knowledge of the target language be overestimated. As the deficiency of the knowledge of both languages will result in a translation without logic and sense.

The translator should avoid the tendency to translate word by word, because doing so does destroy the meaning of the original and to ruin the beauty of the expression.

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