The First World war

The First World War, which began in the summer of 1914 immediately shows the backwardness of tsarist Russia in the economic and technical terms. Failures at the front required new resources, human and material. The labor shortage has created a crisis in many sectors of the economy. Heavily damaged during the war and the economy of Kazakhstan. Taxes increased by 3-4 times, in some cases 15 times. Introduced a special military tax Dispite direct and indirect taxes, collected various "contributions" against which the Kazakhs going to cattle and tents. The Kazakhs were free to supply meat, bread, cattle and tents the troops, following the front through the territory of Kazakhstan. Kazakh economy has suffered enormous damage in the millions rubles. In 1915 there was a question about the direct participation of Kazakhs in the war. The Kazakh intelligentsia through the newspaper "Cossack." proposed use as a fighting force of the Kazakhs in cavalry units. At the same time pursued two goals:
First, should have been saved from seizure under the resettlement land of the Kazakhs serving in the army;
Second, participation in hostilities could prepare skilled, seasoned and well-trained military personnel in case of the formation of an independent army Kazahstana.25 June 1916 published a decree by which all non-Russian male population aged 18-43 years should have been "requisitioned "for work on the creation of defensive structures in the area of ​​the army and to the rear of work. In all, according to preliminary calculations, should be mobilized 390 thousand people. The decree set the Kazakh steppe in an extremely precarious position. Mobilization was carried out during the harvesting and preparation of livestock for ferrying to the winter pastures, senozagotovki. Call for all able-bodied male population undermined the economic base of the Kazakh economy, already shaken the permanent withdrawal of lands for the settlers. In fact, the rest of the Kazakhs were doomed to die of starvation in winter 1916-1917 gg.

Revolt 1916

Revolt in 1916 in Kazakhstan, as a complex phenomenon and, to some extent contradictory, is one of the brightest pages in the chronicle of the liberation movement of the Kazakh people. It happened in the midst of the imperialist world war, in a powerful upsurge of the working and peasant movement in Russia. Appeal to the rear of the Kazakhs gave rise to the top of a powerful Kazakhs revolt and other Central Asian peoples against Russian colonialism. Movement developed spontaneously and at different times in different areas. The end of July - early August 1916 disturbances began to grow in the Kazakh revolt, gradually swept almost the whole of Kazakhstan. One of the largest districts was Zhetisu, where in July, began an armed struggle against the colonialists. By October 1916 uprising was crushed. In Torgai Uyezd formed a major rebel group, which was headed by Amangeldy Imanov. Punitive detachments could not put down the rebellion. Thus, the tsarist government could not put down the rebellion of the Kazakhs but socio-economic status of the Kazakh village during revolt has deteriorated sharply. Many farms were pillaged punitive, part of the rebels were forced to migrate to China and Mongolia. In general, over the years, the number of Kazakhs in the Russian Empire was reduced by more than 600 thousand people.

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