America’s First President

1732 - George Washington was born in the family of Virginia painter

1752 - he was appointed major of Virginia militia

1755 -he was made colonel and commander of all Virginia’s forces

1758 -he took part in the campaign against the Frenc

1774- he was chosen one of Virginia’s delegates to the First and in 1775 to the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia

By 1781 he managed to build up an able army which entrapped the British at Yorktown and forced their complete surrender

1783 Washington resigned and returned to his estate

On April 6,1789 George Washington was elected the President of the US of America and served two terms (1789-1797)

1797 Washington retired

1799 he died in his Mount Vernon home

In his honor the first permanent capital of the US,founded in 1791,is named Washington

Civil war. New nation:

1797 – the 1^st president, George Washington (Federalist), was succeeded by another federalist – John Adams.

1798 – Federalists passed Alien and Sedition Acts (Законы об иностранцах и подстрекательстве к мятежу) that permitted:

· the deportation or arrest of “dangerous” aliens

· fines or imprisonment for publishing “false, scandalous and malicious” attacks on the government

Ten Republican editors were convicted under the Sedition Act.

1801 - End of repression. Thomas Jefferson (Republican) was elected President

1803 – Jefferson bought Louisiana territory

1803 – rule that the Supreme Court makes the final decision in interpreting the Constitution and can declare the law void

1830 – the 1^st steam railroad opened in Baltimore, Maryland (period of economic expansion and Industrial Revolution)

1828 – Andrew Jackson became the 1^st man born in a poor family in the West to be elected President (new Democratic party) – appealed to humble members of society; broke the power of The Bank of US

Sectional conflict:

1808 – importation of slaves was outlawed, many Northern states moved to abolish slavery

1820 – Southern and Northern politicians disputed the question of whether slavery would be legal in the western territories. => permitted – in Missouri and Arkansas, barred – everywhere west and north of Missouri (Missouri Compromise)

1845 – the US annexed Texas. Mexico was forced to surrender an expanse of territory of California, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico, Colorado

1846 – by settling a long-standing border dispute with British Canada, The US had acquired clear title to the southern half of the Oregon Country (present states of Oregon, Washington and Idaho)

1850 – California was admitted as a state, free of slavery; Utah and New Mexico were allowed to decide for themselves.

(same year) Fugitive Slave Act – helped Southerners to recapture slaves who had escaped to the free states. Abolitionists continued to assist fleeing blacks.

Nation divides

1860 – the nation is on the brink of disunion

· Southerners were fighting not only for slavery,

· 11 states proclaimed themselves as independent nation.

· Lincoln’s main aims were:1)to keep the United States one country

· and 2)to rid the nation from slavery

1.01.1863 – Emancipation Proclamation by Lincoln (every slave gets the freedom on the areas controlled by the Confederacy - South)

Summer 1863 – the greatest battle between South and North(at Gettysburg)

9.04.1865 – South started to surrender

14.04.1865 – Lincoln’s assassination

LINCOLN

1809 – born in Kentucky in a family of poor farmer

1831 – age 22.started making a life of his own

1834 – begun studying the law, worked in the legislature of the state of Illinois

1846 – firstly run as a candidate from the State of Illinois for the House of Representatives. Served this place from 1846-1849

1856, 1858 – unsuccessful attempts to become a Senator(‘cause he was against slavery)

1861 – became a president

14.04.1865 – killed by the assassin in Washington D C Theatre

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