Revolution 1905-1906

The reason for the revolutionary actions of the Russian Empire were the events of "Bloody Sunday" January 9, 1905 in St. Petersburg, news of which reached Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan was growing revolutionary movement among the workers, it more actively extended to residents of the Kazakh village and emigrant villages. In May 1905 workers' strikes took place in Vernyi, Kustanai.
In the summer of 1905 protests of the Kazakh population became more organized and politically motivated. During the events of that period with a loud voice announced himself as the mouthpiece the interests of the Kazakh people intelligentsia, undisputed leader of which became Alikhan Bukeikhanov. He took an active part in the movement Karkaralinsk the summer of 1905, during which the Koyandinskoy Fair brought together representatives of the Kazakh population in different districts and took a petition to the king, known as Karkaralinsk. It contained demands an immediate solution of vital issues and above all the agrarian problem associated with the withdrawal of the Kazakh lands, as well as the Russification of spiritual culture. October 18-19, have been mass political strikes in Orenburg, October 25, a political demonstration in Omsk, 16-28 November postal strike telegraftsyh officials in Semipalatinsk. In December 1905, disturbances took place in several cities and towns, in Ust-Kamenogorsk, Pavlodar, and others. Requirements of participants in the revolutionary movement became more political, along with the slogans of higher wages, better working conditions and there were calls for the overthrow of the autocracy, changes in the existing system. In February 1906, in Semipalatinsk, a congress of the Kazakhs, who put forward the demand for cessation of resettlement land, the recognition of land owned by the Kazakh population, religious freedom and equality of languages, the development of education pa native language.
July 3, 1906 took a major strike of the workers in Semipalatinsk, the number of participants reached 500. At this time, rise an agrarian peasant movement against the colonial policy.Participation of the population of Kazakhstan in the revolutionary movement of 1905-1907 was a great school, gaining experience in the struggle for national liberation and social emancipation.

Stolypin

The aggravation of the agrarian problem in central Russia the tsarist government attempted to solve by colonizing their suburbs relocation of peasants. Stolypin paid Special attention margins of the empire, including Kazakhstan - favorable for arable farming region. Therefore, one of the most important tools of destruction of the peasant community was the policy of mass resettlement of peasants in the Urals and Kazakhstan. The migrants were freed for a long time from taxes received in the property area lands. All this process, ie, the colonization of land, accompanied by a run in the Kazakh population, under the guise of "surplus" the best fertile land in a number of habitable and cultivated. Only in 1906 - 1912 years, was seized more than 17 million acres of land. Total to 1917 the Kazakhs - cattle were seized 40 million dozens. Agrarian reform was intended for at least 20 years. However, voltage maintained in the village. Many farmers, mostly poor and middle peasants, went bankrupt growing stream of "inverse" immigrants, and returning to their homeland, they had not received any court or the ground. In addition, farmers did not consider the reform of the fair, because it did not affect landlordism.

Duma

The revolutionary events in Russia have lasted about two and a half years. Manifesto of October 17, 1905 established State Duma. I Gov. Duma on the structure of the Cadet-liberal force from April 27 to July 8, 1906, from Kazakhstan into it had been elected 9 members. The structure of 1 and 2 of the Duma deputies were elected, and from Kazakh fields, including the release of Pavlodar prison Bokeyhan A., S. Kozhagululy, B. Karatay. They have called for a new agrarian reform, the revision of the immigration policy. At the meeting of two of the Duma May 16, 1907 B. Karatay gave a report on the impact of migration on the economy of the Kazakhs. When the presiding judge interrupted the deputy, made ​​his famous statement Karatay that Kazakhs support any Russian opposition movement, advocating for confiscation "of privately owned land to meet the peasants' land hunger." However, the proposals of the Kazakh deputies went unanswered. Moreover, the new electoral law of June 3, 1907 the peoples of Central Asia and Siberia in general were denied seats in the Duma. After this, the new repression against the leaders of the liberation movement of Kazakhs. In 1908 he was arrested again Bokeyhan A., and in July 1909 - A Baitursynov.
Special urgency in the Duma got agrarian question, which has led to its dissolution. State Duma II began its work February 20 1907., As in the first, central to her work has won the agrarian question. Compositionally, it was again the Cadet-liberal. From Kazakhstan, it had 13 members. In Akmola region was elected AD Vinogradov. In the Semipalatinsk region - NY Konshin. The nomadic population of Akmola region, was elected mullah S. Kosshygulov, seek preservation of Muslim educational system, from Semirechye - M. Tynyshpaev. Ural Kazakhs chose a cadet Birimzhanova. The decline of the revolutionary movement has allowed the king of June 3, 1907 to dissolve the Doom II. This meant the defeat of the revolution.

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