Formation of Mongol Empire.

The founder of the Mongol Empire, Genghis Khan was born in 1155 at birth he was named Temujin. At the Congress of the Mongolian nobility in 1206 Temujin was proclaimed supreme ruler - Genghis Khan.According to "The Secret History of the Mongols," Mongolian tribes at the beginning of the XIII century were in a peaceful and good neighborly relations with Kerayit. Established in 1206 the Mongol Empire led by Genghis Khan was based on the principles of military and administrative aimags. All of Mongolia, its army and the population was divided into three aimag. The army consisted of the Left, center and right wing, which consisted of three military and administrative aimag. The Basic Law of the Mongolian State "Yasa" consisted of two parts, the first part were the words of edification of Genghis Khan. According to the "Yasa" the highest body of the Mongolian state was kurultai, who met once a year. Mongolian state ruled mainly by nomads, from the urban population Genghis Khan took only needed "special people." Great kurultai of the Mongols elect Khan decides to difficult political issues. After the conquest and the accession of the population of agricultural, settled regions, the nature of the empire began to change. It is increasingly losing the nomadic nature. Nevertheless, principles based on democratic solutions to the questions continue to operate

40.Ghenghis Khan’s aggressive policy in Kazakhstan.

Naiman Khan Kuchluk forbade citizens of Zhetysu implementation of Muslim rites. The persecution of Muslims, ban the Naiman khan performance Muslim rites led to Zhetysu interfaith confrontation. By using the tense situation caused by religious confrontations, the Mongols invaded in 1218 in Zhetysu. Wanting to attract people to his side Zhetysu, Mongolians have published a decree by which forbidden to rob the local population. The oppression of the Naiman, many of the city surrendered to the Mongols Zhetysu without a fight, including Balasagun. The reason for the invasion of the Mongols in the territory of Kazakhstan and Medium Asia was the death and devastation in Otrar in 1218 trade caravan sent by Genghis Khan.In 1219, 150 thousand army of Genghis Khan invaded the territory of South Kazakhstan, the population of Otrar six months kept the defense, led by the governor of Cair Khan. This was “Otrar catastrophe”.Mongols were completely destroyed three South-Kazakhstan cities: Otrar Sygnak, Ashnas. All Syr -Darya cities were completely under the control of the Mongols as a result of military companies 1219-1220

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14