Simple VS Progressive

	Simple	Progressive
	S+V	S+to be+V-ing
Future	S+will+V1 The surgeon will perform this complicated operation tomorrow.	S+ will be +V-ing The surgeon will be performing this operation from 5 till 9 p.m. tomorrow.
Present	S (I/you/we/they) V1 S (he/she/it) V-s/-es   The nurse gives injections every day. Nurses give injections every day.	S+ am/is/are +V-ing She is giving the injection at the very moment.
Past	S+V2 Professor Smith delivered this lecture yesterday.	S+ was/were +V-ing Professor Smith was delivering the lecture from 9 till 10.30 a.m.

Exercise 1. Use the proper form of the verb and translate these sentences in your native language:

1. He (to study) Anatomy every Friday last year.

2. The students (to learn) a lot of new terms.

3. The body (to consist) of organs and systems.

4. Histology (to be) a difficult subject.

5. Nurses (to look) after patients in hospitals.

6. Mary (to go) to the library after classes tomorrow.

7. She (to become) a specialist in the field of endocrinology.

8. Last week he (to be) at hospital because he (to be) sick.

9. The pain (to affect) my sleep.

10. The arteries (to carry) pure blood.

Exercise 2. Correct the mistakes:

1. My parents works at the in- patient department.

2. He doesn`t study French as he study English.

3. A lot of students wants to join the Foreign Language Society.

4. The scientists distinguishes three groups of muscular tissue.

5. An organ don`t contain various tissues.

6. There is several organ systems in the human organism.

7. Tissues is groups of cells, which does the same work.

8. Small children fall down a lot but doesn`t have many fractures.

9. Do milk contain a lot of calcium?

10. Does deficiency of vitamin D in the diet causes bone problems in children?

Exercise 3. Put verbs in brackets in the correct form:

1. They (to work) hard at that problem for the whole year.

2. Alfred Einkorn (to research) an easy-to-use and safe local anesthesia to use on soldiers during wartime.

3. Dry rales (to disappear) slowly.

4. The surgeon (to operate) on the newborn with a congenital heart disease.

5. A crushing pain in the mid-chest areas frequently radiating down the left arm made the patient stop whatever he (to do).

6. The patient (to undergo) an operation because of the bile duct obstruction.

7. These people (to suffer) from scurvy because of vitamin C deficiency.

8. The patient (to hold) a saliva ejector attached to the unit or aspirator.

Exercise 4. Put verbs in brackets in a proper tense:

1. The doctor (say) that Tom (be) too sick to go to work and that he (need) to stay at home for a couple of days.

2. I (to see) a light in your window when I (pass).

3. As I was following doctor’s administration, the fever (to subside) 2 days later.

4. The effect of the drug (to appear) half an hour after and (to last) for 5 hours.

5. The doctor (to write) a prescription when a nurse (to open) the door and (to ask) what injection to make.

6. He (to loose) consciousness and (to moan) all the time.

7. Bob (to fill) in the patient’s card when the telephone (to ring).

Exercise 5. Put verbs from brackets in a proper tense and translate them:

1. He knew that I (навчатися) at the Medical University for 2 years.

2. While the surgeon (виконувати) the operation, he (виявляти) the ulcer on the anterior wall of the stomack.

3. While I (слухати) to the radio, the telephone (дзвонить).

4. He (зломати) his leg when he (кататися на лижах) in the Alps.

5. We (бачити) an accident while we (чекати) for the bus.

6. While she (готувати) lunch, she (порізати) her finger.

7. When the dentist (оглянути) the patient he (виявляти) caries in 2 lower left molars and cavity in the upper right cuspid.

Завдання для самостійної роботи

студентів (СРС)

I. Перекладіть та вивчіть наступні словосполучення: 1. Основні системи 2. складатися з ряду залоз 3. виводити сечу з нирок 4. вироблятися клітинами 5. січовий міхур 6. обробляти інформацію 7. по всьому тілу 8. видаляти вуглекислий газ, 9. головна функція 10. переноситися кровотоком   II. Дайте відповіді на наступні питання: 1. What are the main systems of the body? 2. What is the function of the skeletal system? 3. What does the urinary system consist of? 4. Where are the hormones produced? 5. What does the endocrine system serve for?   III. Поясніть наступні терміни у 5ти реченнях: System of the body Circulatory system

THE SKELETON СКЕЛЕТ

Text: The Skeleton

Grammar: Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives

PRE-TEXT ASSIGNMENTS:

Exercise 1. Learn the new words:

1. spine (spinal column)	[spaɪn] [ˈspaɪn^əl ˈkɒləm]	1. спинний хребет, хребетний стовп
2. rib	[rɪb]	2. ребро
3. bone marrow	[bəʊn ˈmærəʊ]	3. кістковий мозок
4. marrow cavity	[ˈmærəʊ ˈkævɪtɪ]	4. кістково-мозкова порожнина
5. cranial	[ˈkreɪnɪəl]	5. черепний
6. facial	[ˈfeɪʃəl]	6. лицевий
7. breastbone	[ˈbrɛstˌbəʊn]	7. грудина
8. vertebra (pl. vertebrae)	[ˈvɜːtɪbrə] [ˈvɜːtɪbrɪ]	8. Хребець хребці
9. cervical	[ˈsɜːvɪk^əl]	9. шийний
10.thoracic	[θɔːˈræsɪk]	10. грудний
11.lumbar	[ˈlʌmbə]	11. поперековий
12.coccyx	[ˈkɒksɪks]	12. куприк
13.pelvis	[ˈpɛlvɪs]	13. таз
14.joint	[dʒɔɪnt]	14. суглоб
15.cartilage	[ˈkɑːtɪlɪdʒ]	15. хрящ
16.ligament	[ˈlɪgəmənt]	16. зв'язка
17.tendon	[ˈtɛndən]	17. сухожилля

Exercise 2. Read the word combinations and sentences with the new words and translate them into Ukrainian:

· Сranial: cranial bones; cerebro-cranial symptom; cranial nerves; cranial radiograph; cranial X-ray.The bones of the skull consist of cranial and facial parts.

· Facial: anterior facial vein; bones of the facial skeleton; facial bones; facial asymmetry; facial muscles.The facial bones are the bones of the anterior and lower skull.

· Cervical: cervical artery; cervical glands; cervical nerves; cervical vertebra; deep cervical vein. There are seven cervical vertebrae in the spine.

· Thoracic: long thoracic artery; thoracic aorta; thoracic bones; thoracic cavity; thoracic organs.Thoracic vertebrae compose the middle segment of the spinal column, between the cervical vertebrae and the lumbar vertebrae.

· Lumbar: lumbar vein; lumbar part of spinal cord; lumbar puncture; lumbar region; lumbar vertebrae. The lumbar vertebrae are five vertebrae that make up the spine in the lower back.

Exercise 3. Give adjectives for the following nouns (you will need to use a dictionary!):

noun	adjective	noun	adjective
bone		cartilage
spine		ligament
skeleton		muscle
vertebra		cell
pelvis		blood

Exercise 4. Translate the word combinations into your language:

the main supportfor the body; to give shape; to sit up straight; to protect the organs; to provide protection; to store calcium and fat; yellow bone marrow; red bone marrow; inside the marrow cavity of bones; three basic parts; axial skeleton; appendicular skeleton; comprised of bones; cervical vertebrae; thoracic vertebrae; sacral vertebrae; 12 pairs of ribs; the upper extremity; the lower extremity; total body weight; to vary between individuals; to fuse together.

Exercise 5. Read and translate the text:

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