Human body. The principal parts of the human body are the head, the trunk, and limbs (extremities).

The principal parts of the human body are the head, the trunk, and limbs (extremities).

The head consists of 2 parts: the skull contains the brain and the face including the forehead, the eyes, nose, the mouth, the cheeks, the ears and the chin.

Each eye has the eyelids and the eyelashes that grow along the edge of the eyelids. There are the eyebrows over our eyes. The eyes serve as the organ of sight.

The nose is the organ of smell through which we breathe.

The ear includes 3 principal parts: the external ear, the middle ear and the internal ear.

The mouth has 2 lips: the upper and the lower lip. The tongue which is the organ of taste, teeth and hard and soft palates are located in the mouth.

The head is connected with the trunk by the neck.

The upper part of the trunk is the chest. The principal organs in the chest are the lungs, the heart and the esophagus (gullet).

The lower part of the trunk called abdomen consists of the stomach, the liver, the spleen, the intestines, the kidneys, the gallbladder and the bladder.

The surface of the body from the neck to the buttocks is called the back.

The waist is the narrow middle part of the body above the hips.

When we speak of the upper extremity we mean the arm. The upper extremity is connected with the chest by the shoulder consists of the upper arm, the forearm, the elbow, the wrist and the hand. We have 5 fingers on each hand. A short finger set apart from the other is called the thumb. The lower extremity called the leg consists of the hip (thigh), the knee, the calf, the ankle and the foot. The foot is composed of the toes, the heel, the sole and the arch. The nail is a hard part at the end of a toe and finger.

The framework of bones called the skeleton supports the soft parts and protects the organs from injury. The bones are covered with muscles.

The body is covered with the skin.

POST-TEXT ASSIGMENTS

Exercise 5. Answer the questions:

1. What are the principal parts of the human body?

2. What does the face include?

3. What is the organ of taste?

4. Where do eyelashes grow?

5. What do we breathe through?

6. What are the principal organs in the chest?

7. What does the upper/lower extremity consist of?

8. What supports the soft parts and protects the organs from injury?

Exercise 6. Translate the following words and word combinations.

Орган зору, мозок, спина, брови, коліно та щиколка, серце та легені, ступня, бути вкритим шкірою, шлунок та кишечник, зап’ясток та кисть, стегно, захищати органи від ушкоджень, нирки та селезінка, поверхня тіла, тверде та м’яке піднебіння, нижня кінцівка, сідниці, орган нюху, на краях повік.

Дата добавления: 2015-10-21