Other future forms

1 Will is very often used for predictions.

The forecast says that tomorrow will be warm and sunny.

I don't think they wlU complain.

She wont tike what you've written about her,

2 We use the contracted form 'It to make spontaneous offers.

i'it help you write the report if you like.

(= Til help you now. or when you want me to help you.)

Grammar reference

Grammar refetertce

9 Reported speech

We use reporting verbs like say, tell and ask to report what other people say.

1 Re p o rtin g wo rds j u st sa id

• In this case* the situation is still present. The boss soys she wonts to see you immediately.

2 Reporting words said fn the past

■ Words that are said in one place at one particular tfme may be reported in another place at another time. Because of the change in time, there may be a change of tense or modal auxiliary. A different pronoun is used to suit the context.

Actual words 'We are not going to panic* 1 left my briefcase at work.¹ 'I've already spoken to her/ 'We won't know before Friday/ *l can't give you a lower price/

Reported words

He soid they were not going to panic. She said she (had) left her briefcase at work. He said he had already spoken to her. She said they wouldn*t know before Friday He soidhe couldn't give me a lower price.

• Wo uld, co old an d should d o n ot c ha nge.

*i won Id tell yo u if I cou Id.' She said she wo uld tell me if she co uld,

*Yo u s ho u Id b e more ca refu I / He said I sho uld b e more careful

3 Say versus tell

• We do not usually use a person object {me, us, etc.) after say.
She said she would come later. (NOT *She said me...)

■ But after tell, we indicate who receives the information. She told me she would come later. (NOT *She told she would...)

• We can use that directly after say, but not directly after tell. lie said that he understood the reason. (NOT *He told that...)

• Tel! a Iso me a n s 'to i n form* o r 'to in stru ct*. He totd me he was interested in my proposal. She told me to hurry up.

4 Reporting questions

• We use ask (with or without an object ) to report questions.

• Note the word order in the reported question: (l) question word (2) subject (3) verb.

Actual words

- in open questions

(When /Why /How/What /etc):

'When do you want to take your vacation?* 'How long is the conference?'

- in yes/no questions:

'Do you want to take your vacation In

july or August?' 'Will you be able to attend the conference?¹

Reported words

He asked (him) when he wanted to take his vacation. He asked (her) how long the conference was.

He Qsked (him) if/whether he wanted to take his vacation in July or August.

He asked (her) if/whether she would be able to attend the conference.

126J

10 Conditionals

First conditional

(if+ present simple, will + base form of the verb]

in these two examples, the speaker feels that there is a real possibility that

they will increase their order and that their visitors will be Late.

if we increase our order, they'll give us a higher discount.

/four visitors are fate* we won't be able to take them to the theatre,

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