I 11 New business

Language review

Time clauses

Time clauses provide in formation about actions and events in the past present and future.

1 We often use when to introduce time* clauses.

• He remembers when he first joined the company.... {past time)

■ when there are few jobs, young people, tend to study more. (present time)

• When I'm on the plane, I'll read fill the contracts, (future lime)

2 We can also use white, before, after, -unlit and as soon as lo in nod ace time
clauses.

• Marty new high-tech companies started while the economy was growing.

• We need to arrange our finance before we can develop the business.

• After we meet the candidates we'll decide how many to employ.

• Until inflation is under control, planning will be difficult.

3 When we tisc a time clause to talk about the future, the verb in the time
clause is in the present tense or the present perfect tense.

■ 4* $w*n as they siffn the con tract, we 'II a t inov nee the deal.

• We 'II make the decision when we've finished the budget. ~J page 128

Kate North

Q Match the sentence halves lo make appropriate sentences.

i We'll have breakfast in the hotel -^ a) could you check these figures.

2 Please talk to your line manager \ b) when the conditions are right.

3 Until we have full employment, \ c) as soon as interest rates fall.

4 We won't hire new staff \ d) until we get new business.

5 While youTe waiting for the fax, \ e) before you sign the contract.

6 We can set up in that country \ f) our economy will not improve.

7 While I'm with this company, ^ g) before we go to the office.

3 Consumer spending rises h) I want opportunities for

training.

Q Complete these sentences with when, while, before, after, until ores soon os. More than one answer may be possible in each case.

1 Don't make a decision.............. we've seen the report.

2 I'm meeting with Atsuko this afternoon. Send her up........... she arrives.

3 Let's sort out this problem................. she gets here.

4 I'm coming to Paris tomorrow afternoon. HI phone you.............. I arrive.

5 Can you type this report for me................ I'm away?

Q Kate North Is an American who works in London. Read about her work routine and underline the most appropriate words.

I usually get to work before f as soon as / until ' my boss arrives and as soon os /while /before M arrive i check my e-mail and post. I usually try to answer all important enquiries until /as soon as /before ³1 go to lunch. As soon as/ Until /White < I'm having lunch, I often discuss problems with colleagues. When /Before /Until'' I work long hours, I can take time off another day. I have a lot of flexibility over as soon as /when /until ⁶1 arrive at the office and before / when/while ⁷1 leave, depending on the daily workload.

Listen to the recording and check your answers.

Q Work in pairs. Tell each other about your own work routine.

li New business

Dealing with

numbers

Q Wii,6 Say these numbers. Listen and check after each group.

i a) 47	b)362	c) 1.841	d) 35,000
f) 634,321	g) 4,537,295
a a) 3-5	b)2.S9	c) 9-875
3 a) y4	b)^1/s	0%	d) %
4 a) 15%	b) 50%	c) 97%	d) 100%
5 a) Ј8o	b) $5,800	c) Ђ150,000	<l) Ђ20,000

e) 36,503

e)7₃

■ Try and answer these questions.

1 What is the population of your a) country? b) city?

2 How many people work for yaur company/study at your institution?

3 What is the average salary in your country?

4 What is the inflation rate?

5 Roughly how many people are unemployed?

6 What is the interest rate for savings?

Listen to the following extracts from a radio business news programme. Underline the numbers you hear.

1 a) inflation rate: b) Unemployment:

2 a) Profits increase: b) Sales increase:

3 a) lob losses:

b) Workforce reduction:

2.0% /1 .2 % 1,258,000 /1,800,000

$1.8 billion / $1.8 million 80% /18%

h t A 35,000/5,000

4 a) interest rate reduction: 0.5% /1.5%

b) Economic growth:

2.8% /1.8%

Useful language

Saying large numbers For example, 912,757.250 =

912,	1-------------------------------------------------------- 757.
nine hundred and twelve million,	seven hundred and fifty-seven thousand.	two hundred and fifty

Y* - a half Yt = a quarter

320 = three hundred o = nought / oh (BrE)

British and American English differences and twenty (Br0

twenty CftmE)

o = 7ero{AmE)

Decimals

1,75 = one point two five

0,754 = nought point seven five four [BrE) zero point seven five four (AmЈ) point seven five four (BrE/AmE)

Fractions

y₇ = five-sevenths

²A = two-fifths

Percentages

65% = sixty-five percent

Currencies

Ј3,000,000 = three million pounds Ђ16,000 ^ sixteen thousand euros

t|J You work for a marketing department which is launching a new range of mobile phones In an overseas market. You are gathering statistical information. Work in pairs.

Student A: Turn to page 141.

Student B: Turn (0 page 144.

1 Ask each other questions to complete your charts.

2 Discuss which are the best markets to launch the new range of phones in.

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E

Marcia Lee Jeans

Q

In

Background

Marcia Lee Jeans is based inNew York, Its brand is well known in the United States. The jeans sell in the upper price ranges and appeal to fashion conscious people aged 15 to 40. They arc distributed in major department stores throughout the country. At present, the jeans are made in the US by a number of factories on the East coast, none of which arc owned by Marcia Lee Jeans, Competition in this segment of die market is strong, so the company has to keep costs as low as i

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