Signs of bedsores

In bedsores in the first stages of the disease are detected pallor plots, cyanochroic, edema, indicating a breach of exchange processes at appropriate sites.

Then there is lamination of the epidermis, appear bubbles filled first with a colorless, and afterwards pus contents.

Further unfolding necrosis (gangrene) first surface, and then the deep layers of the skin, spreading further deep inside and to the sides.

There are 4 types of disease development (Pic.61):

1^st stage. Characterized by human epidermis and skin layers.On a patient’s skin with cyanotic redness, steady-red spots do not disappear after the pressure and not extending to the healthy tissue. At this stage of the process is reversible and removing pressure leads to the normalization of blood circulation.

Muscles, tendons, bones

Stage 4

Picture 61.

Stages of bedsore development

2^nd stage. Superficial violation of skin integrity covering the subcutaneous fat layer is clearly visible. At compression sites, a constant hyperemia kept with cyanochroic shade. Skin breakdown appear as abrasions, blisters or shallow crater.

3rd stage. Complete skin breakdown in its entire thick to muscular layer because of damage or tissue necrosis. Pathologic process of the affected musclesThere may be water.

4th stage. All A soft tissue injury.Cavity forms with damage to all surrounding tissues, skin, muscles, and tendons (until the bone).There are meet fistula and sinus tissues.The patient’s body (Pic. 62) determines localization of bedsores internally.

а б

Picture 62.

The most frequent sites of bedsore formation

a - in position on the back, b-on the stomach

In dorsal decubitus (Pic. 62 a):

• in calcaneal tuber area

• in resurrection bone

• in coccygeal bone

• bladebone

• elbow joints

• over spinous process of the thoracic vertebrae

• in external occipital protuberance

• In the stomach position (Pic 62 б):

• over anterior surface of anticnemion

• in the knees

• iliac crest

• at the edge of costal arch

In position on his side (Pic.63):

• In lateral malleolus

• condylus and greater trochanter

• in interface the spikes of the thoracic vertebrae in the external occipital protrusion.

Shoulder

Lateral sides of the ankle bones

Front surface of the knee joint

Femoral bone

Ileum

Lateral side of the head

Picture 63.

Bedsores formation sites in the side

Scapula

In sitting position (pic.64)

• in gluteal fold area

Coccygeum

•resurrection bone

Back surface of the knee joint

Buttocks

• feet

• shield bone

Heel

• knee

Picture 64

Bedsore formation sites

In the sitting position

In dorsal position - the largest number for bedsores formation. The risk of bedsore in prone position formation is low.

Position on the side is used only in exceptional cases, in view of the considerable number of inconveniences associated with it. In lying on the side cannot be normal pressure distribution. Much of it falls onto the hips. In addition, this position contributes to the emergence of "contractures" - limited mobility of muscles - the day crouched, sitting position continues at night. Especially in women who are lying on their sides-them difficult urination. In addition, sleep all night on one side, rarely possible, often is bad for the patient's restful sleep and a possible partner or partner.

Дата добавления: 2015-10-29