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а) 2, 12, 20, 3, 13, 30, 5, 15, 50, 8, 18, 80.
b) 134; 245; 306; 6,075; 8,279; 1,005; 212,625; 5,247,893.
44. Can you read the date properly?
| 27.02.1977 17.06.1327 15.08.1906 24.05.1632 | 13.07.1976 18.01.1999 01.09.1765 30.06.1914 | 22.04.1844 12.10.1043 08.11.1522 02.12.2013 |
Назовите точную дату и год рождения всех членов Вашей семьи.
Образец: I was born on the 23rd of December, 1940.
EVERYDAY ENGLISH
GREETINGS Приветствия
New Vocabulary
– Hi! Привет!/Здорово!
– Hello! Привет!
– It's nice to see you! Рад тебя видеть!
– It is nice to see you, too! Я тоже рад тебя видеть!
– How are you? Как ты? / Что у тебя?
– I am fine, thanks. And how are you? Спасибо, хорошо. A ты?
– I'm fine, too, thanks. Хорошо, спасибо.
Обычно англичане представляются с помощью оборота I am (или его сокращённой формы I'm) либо употребляют выражение my name is (my name's).
– What is your name? Как тебя/вас зовут?
– My name's Thomas. Меня зовут Томас.
– I'm Тоm. Я - Том.
– I am Kate. Я - Кейт.
– My name's Thomas. Меня зовут Томас.
– My name is Catherine Burlington. Меня зовут Кэтрин Берлингтон.
– It's nice to meet you, Catherine! Очень приятно, Кэтрин!
– Nice to meet you, too, Thomas! Мне тоже, Томас!
Ниже приведены наиболее популярные английские формы прощания.
Bye! Пока!
See you! До свидания!/Увидимся!
See you later! До встречи!/Увидимся позже!
See you soon! До скорого свидания!
Take care! Держись!
Take care of yourself! Береги себя! / Будь здоров!
We'll be in touch. / We'll keep in touch. / We'll stay in touch. Будем поддерживать связь.
Nice to meet you. Мне было приятно с тобой/вами познакомиться.
Слово name обозначает имя, фамилия. Для того, чтобы конкретней определить, которое из двух значений подразумевается, можно употребить следующие выражения:
first name – имя (первое) surname – фамилия
given name – имя (данное) last name/family name – фамилия
middle name – второе имя maiden name – девичья фамилия
Christian name – имя (данное при крещении)
full name – имя и фамилия
Если после выражения my name is (my name's) мы говорим только имя, оборот переводится – меня зовут, однако когда после него появляется полное имя и фамилия, следует его понимать как – меня зовут.........., а фамилия............, но перевод выражения остаётся тот же – меня зовут.
My name's Thomas. My name is Thomas Cook.
Меня зовут Томас. Меня зовут Томас Кук.
Прежде чем представить кого-либо, можно начать разговор следующей репликой:
I don't think / I believe you've met Susan Bennett. ( Не) думаю, что вы знакомы с Сьюзан Бенет.
Have you met / Do you know Frank Simpson? Вы знакомы с Фрэнком Симпсоном.
Представляя человека можно сказать:
May I introduce Mr Bennett? Можно представить мистера Бенета.
Let me / Allow me to introduce Mrs Bennett. Позвольте мне представить миссис Бенет.
I’d like you to meet Mr Simpson. Познакомьтесь с мистером Симпсоном.
This is.... Это …
Если вас забыли представить, вы можете сделать это самостоятельно, употребляя следующие фразы:
May I / Let me introduce myself. I'm.... Можно / Позвольте мне представиться. Меня зовут ….
I haven't introduced myself, have I? My name is.... Я еще не представился, не так ли? Меня зовут ….
Hello (there). I'm.... Привет. Меня зовут ….
Ответными репликами могут послужить:
How do you do? (устаревшее, редко используется в современном языке)
Hello! Привет!
Had / nice /pleased to meet you. Приятно познакомиться.
На вежливый вопрос: How are you? – Как ты?/Как поживаете? следует ответить I am fine, thanks. – Хорошо, спасибо. Можно также употребить сокращённую форму того же выражения, например:
I'm fine, thanks. Хорошо, спасибо.
Fine, thanks. Отлично, спасибо.
Вместо слова thanks можно применить более официальный оборот thank you.
Формы приветствия:
Good morning! Доброе утро! (также: До свидания!) (используется до полудня)
Good afternoon! Добрый день! (также: До свидания!) (используется после полудня)
Good evening! Добрый вечер! (также: До свидания!) (используется вечером)
Good day! Добрый день! (также: До свидания!) (используется весь день)
Goodbye! До свидания!
Goodnight! Спокойной ночи!
FORMS OF ADDRESS (ФОРМЫ ОБРАЩЕНИЯ)
Mister мистер, господин (сокр. Mr) употребляется перед фамилией или должностью лица мужского пола.
Mr President! Господин Президент!
Dear Mr President! Уважаемый господин Президент!
Mr Smith! Господин Смит!
Mr Petrov! Господин Петров!
Если нет указания на должность или фамилию, то вежливой формой обращения служит слово Sir сэр.
Missis (сокр. Mrs) миссис, госпожа употребляется перед фамилией замужней женщины.
Mrs Brown! Госпожа Браун! Mrs Petrova! Гражданка Петрова!
Если фамилия не указана, то вежливой формой служит слово Madame (сокр. ma'am).
Madame (ma'am), I am at your service. Мадам, я к вашим услугам.
Miss мисс употребляется перед именем или фамилией девушки или незамужней женщины.
Miss Jane. Мисс Джейн. Miss Smith. Мисс Смит.
Если имя и фамилия не указаны, то вежливой формой обращения к девушке или молодой женщине может служить сочетание слов young lady молодая (юная) леди.
Let me introduce this young lady. Позвольте представить вам эту молодую леди.
Возможные формы обращения, если отсутствует имя или фамилия: Dear friend! Дорогой друг!
Dear sir! Уважаемый сэр!
Look, young man! Послушайте, молодой человек!
Look, young gentlemen! Послушайте, господа!
Just a minute, young lady! Минутку, молодая леди!
При обращении к группе гостей мужского и женского пола без указания фамилий употребляется сочетание Ladies and gentlemen! Дамы и господа!
Ladies and gentlemen! Welcome to our city! Дамы и господа! Добро пожаловать в наш город!
Illustrative Dialogues
1. Peter meets his university friend Tom.
Peter: Hello, Tom. How are you?
Tom: Fine, thanks, Peter. And you?
Peter: Oh, pretty good, thanks.
2. Mrs Simpson meets her neighbour Mr South.
Mrs Simpson: Good morning, Mr South. How are you?
Mr South: Very well, thank you, Mrs Simpson. And how are you?
Mrs Simpson: I'm very well, too, thank you.
3. John Smith meets Roberta Witchburn.
– Good morning, madam!
– Good morning to you, sir!
– Let me introduce myself. My name's Smith, John Smith.
– Pleased to meet you. I'm Roberta Witchburn.
– Pleased to meet you, too, madam. Well, good morning!
– And good morning to you, sir!
4. Peter comes to the party given by his friend John.
John: Hello, Peter. Nice to see you. Come on in!
Peter: Thanks.
John: By the way, do you know Andrew?
Peter: No, I don't think so.
John: Peter... Andrew.
Peter: Hello, Andrew. Nice to meet you.
Exercises
Exercise 1. Cross out the unnecessary words to make a dialogue.
А – Hello!
В – Hi! / Bye! / See you!
А – I are / you / I'm Kate.
В – Nice to meet I / you / they, Kate. I'm Tom
А – Nice to meet you, you / it / too.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct option.
10:48 a) Good morning! b) Good afternoon! с) Good evening!
12:01 a) Good morning! b) Good afternoon! c) Good evening!
17:55 a) Good morning! b) Good day! c) Good evening!
9:32 a) Good morning! b) Good day! c) Good evening!
Exercise 3. Arrange the words into sentences.
1. fine, I'm thanks!
2. are, How, you?
3. is, your, name? What
4. yourself! Take of care
Exercise 4. Fill in the gaps with the words in the box.
| meet you hello 'm |
– Hello!
– ……….!
– I..........Jake. What's your name?
– I'm Jane. Nice to..........you!
– Nice to meet.........., too, Jane!
Exercise 5. Check the correct translation.
1. Nice to meet you!
a) Мне очень приятно!
b) Приятно с тобой/вами познакомиться!
c) Как ты?
2. Nice to see you!
a) Приятно тебя видеть!
b) Как тебя зовут?
c) Держись!
3. What's your name?
a) Рад тебя видеть!
b) Как тебя зовут?
c) Что у тебя?
4. What's your first name?
a) Как тебя зовут?
b) Как твоя фамилия?
c) Как твоё отчество?
5. My name's Jake.
a) Меня зовут Джейк.
b) Мне очень приятно, Джейк!
c) До свидания, Джейк!
6. My name's Jake Turner.
a) Меня зовут Джейк.
b) Меня зовут Джейк Тернер.
c) Мне очень приятно, господин Тернер!
7. Pleased to meet you!
a) Спасибо, у меня всё хорошо!
b) Приятно с тобой встретиться!
c) Мне очень приятно!
8. Excuse me!
a) Извинись передо мной!
b) Простите! / Будьте любезны!
c) Привет!
Exercise 6. Put the lines of the conversations in order. Then write the conversations.
1. ___ I'm Felipe Mendez, the new computer programmer.
___ Yes, I am.
___ Excuse me, are you Mr. Pappas?
___ Hello.
___ Oh, yes. How do you do?
2. ___ Nice to meet you, too, Robert.
___ O.K.
___ Mizumi Tanaka, I'd like you to meet Robert Gray.
___ Oh, just call me Bob.
___ Hi, Mizumi. Nice to meet you.
Exercise 7. Choose the best answer.
1) When you meet someone whom you know very slightly (in the morning) you say:
a) How do you do; b) Good morning; c) Hello.
2) When you meet an acquaintance at about 12.30 p.m. you say:
a) Good morning; b) Good afternoon; c) Hello.
3) When you come into a room where there is a group of your fellow-students, you say:
a) Hello, everybody; b) Hello; c) Morning.
4) When a senior colleague asks, "How are you?", you reply:
а) О. К., thanks; b) Thank you; c) Very well, thank you.
5) When your hostess says, "Nice to see you", you reply:
a) The same to you; b) It's a pleasure; c) Nice to see you, too.
Exercise 8. Greet the following people:
a) a close friend Mike;
b) an elderly neighbour (Elsie South) at 3 p.m.;
c) your parents, on arriving home in the evening;
d) a group of fellow-students;
e) your sister;
f) your doctor to whom you have come for examination (David Bennett);
g) your university professor (Frank Simpson);
h) your business colleague (Henry Watson).
Exercise 9. Respond freely to the following.
1) Hello! How are you?
2) Hello! How are you keeping?
3) Good morning.
4) How is it going?
Exercise 10. Make up a dialogue for the following situation.
Mrs Jones is visiting London on business. She has been invited to a party by Mr Bennett. When she arrives, Mr Bennett greets her, and then introduces her to his wife Susan and a colleague of his, Henry Watson.
Exercise 11. Answer the questions.
1. What forms of address do you know? 2. What word do you use before the surname of a man when you address him? 3. What word do you use when you address a man if there is no surname? 4. What word do you use before the surname of a married woman when you address her? 5. What word do you use before the surname of an unmarried woman or a young girl? 6. What do you say when you address a young woman or a girl (or young women or girls)? 8. What words do you use when you address a group of guests (men and women)? 9. How do you greet your colleagues and what do they say in answer to your greeting? 10. How do you greet your friends and what do they say in answer to your greeting? 11. What other forms of greeting: in the morning, in the daytime, in the evening do you know? 12. What parting words do you use: in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening? 13. What other parting words do you know? 14. What do you say when you meet your guests? 15. What are the forms of introduction? 16. What does the head waiter say to his guests when he meets them in the lobby? 17. What are the forms of invitations? 18. What do you say at parting? 19. What do you say when you thank your people, friends etc.? 20. What are the forms of apology? 21. What are the answers to the apology?
Exercise 12. Fill in the gaps with the words given below.
1.... Smith! We are happy to receive you. 2. Thank you,... Black! 3.... guests! Welcome to our city! 4. The old man to the young girls: “Pardon,...! Show me the way to the station, please!” 5. The head waiter to the guests: «Good evening,...!” 6. The waiter to the lady guest: “Pleased to see you in our restaurant,....” 7. The waiter to the man: “I'm at your service,....” 8.... friends! Happy to see you! 9. How d'you do,... Green! –..., Mr White! 10. Oh, excuse my coming late. – ….
That's all right, Miss, dear, young ladies, dear Mr, ladies and gentlemen, Mr, sir, how d'you do, ma'am.
Exercise 13. You have invited the following people to a dinner party: Peter and Jane Bennett (your friends from Britain), Jim Bradley (your university friend). Introduce them to:
1) each other;
2) your parents;
3) your sister or brother;
4) your neighbour (Frieda Witham) who dropped in to Inquire about your father's health.
Exercise 14. Make up a dialogue for each of the following situations.
1) You see someone at a party who looks very interesting. Go up to this person and introduce yourself.
2) You are at a party with your girlfriend / boyfriend. You want to introduce her / him to your senior colleague. What do you say?
3) Peter and his wife Jane are walking through the park when Peter meets an old friend of his, Steven. They greet one another and Peter introduces Jane to him.
Exercise 15. Read each introduction. Is it formal or informal?
1. I'd like you to meet Professor Wilson.
2. Hi. I'm Bob.
3. This is Rachel Miller, our new manager.
4. I'm Susan, but please call me Susie.
5. Hi there. My name is Liz.
6. Hi, Sue. This is my friend Jim.
Exercise 16. Complete the sentences with the correct names and nicknames.
1.Hi! My name is Patricia, but you can call me ___________.
2. I'm Lawrence. Please just call me ___________.
3. My sister's name is ___________, but everybody calls her Terry.
4. Everybody calls him Charley, but his full name is____________.
5. My name is Richard. My nickname is____________.
6. My parents call me____________, but all my friends call me Liz.
Exercise 17. Complete the conversations. Fill in the blanks with in, on, or at.
***
A: Excuse me. Is there an Interbank branch here ____ Beverly Hills?
В: No, there isn't. But there's one ____Hollywood. It's ____Sunset Boulevard.
A: Sunset Boulevard? Where? Do you know the address?
В: I think the bank is ___1200 Sunset.
A: 1200? O.K. Thanks very much.
***
A: Oh, look! There's the new girl. I met her yesterday.
В: Where is she from?
A: She lived ___ Chicago before she moved here.
В: What street does she live ___?
A: She lives ___ Central Avenue, ___ 16 Central.
В: Really? I live ___ Central Avenue, too. ___ 14. We're neighbours!
UNIT 2
EDUCATION IN RUSSIA AND ENGLISH SPEAKING COUNTRIES
STUDENT’S LIFE
Возвратно-усилительные местоимения
Неопределенные и отрицательные местоимения
Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий
Порядок слов в предложении: повествовательном, вопросительном, отрицательном
Основные типы вопросов
Английские времена группы Indefinite, Continuous действительного залога
Словообразование: -ion/-tion/-sion; -er/-or; -ly; -ic; -ment
Text A. Higher Education in Russia
Text B. Ann's Academy
Text C. Higher Education in the UK
Text D. Computing Qualifications in Britain
Text E. Higher Education in the USA
Диалогическая речь: Люди и их образ жизни / Выражение мнения и своего отношения к определённым фактам и событиям.
Exercise 1. Поставьте следующие предложения в Past Indefinite или Future Indefinite, добавляя, где необходимо, слова last/next week, last/next year, tomorrow, yesterday и т.д.
1. I am very busy today. 2. They are in the reading-room now. 3. It is a cold day today. 4. We are students of one of the Moscow Institutes. 5. You are late for the lecture. 6. Mary is a good student. 7. Students have four exams in January. 8. Today they have time to go to the cinema. 9. We have some English magazines. 10. The book has many diagrams. 11. I have good news. 12. She has a map of England.
Exercise 2. Поставьте следующие предложения в Past или Future Indefinite, добавляя слова last/next year, yesterday, tomorrow, last/next week, last/next summer и т. д.
1. We study six days a week. 2. I go to the institute every day. 3. My friend lives in a hostel. 4. Usually I get up at 7 o'clock. 5. My studies begin at half past eight. 6. We have four lectures every day. 7. After lectures we go to the dinning room. 8. We do our homework for the next day. 9. At night I read and watch TV. 10. On Sunday I visit my friends.
Exercise 3. Поставьте сказуемое в отрицательной форме.
1. Today our lectures begin at 10 o'clock in the morning. 2. We were school-children last year. 3. We had four entrance exams in summer. 4. Yesterday the first-year students saw the institute laboratories. 5. We took all the necessary books from the library. 6.1 got excellent marks for my entrance exams. 7. He knows the meaning of the word «engineering» (техника, машиностроение, инженерное дело). 8. The students of our group will meet in the laboratory. 9. The librarian gave us all the necessary books.
Exercise 4. А. Раскройте скобки, поставив общие вопросы.
1. (You do)... anything interesting last weekend? 2. (He works)...at the institute every day? 3. (They will come)... to see you soon? 4. (We studied)... at school last year? 5. (She will go)... to the theatre next week? 6. (The students worked)... in the laboratory yesterday? 7. (Ann gets up)... at 7 o'clock? 8. (There are)... many laboratories at our institute? 9. (There were)... many students at the lecture? 10. (There will be)... a library in the new building? 11. (We have)... two lectures today? 12. (The book has)... many diagrams? 13. (You had)... four exams last semester?
В. Вставьте соответствующие вопросительные слова.
1.... is your name? 2.... doesn't understand this grammar rule? 3.... of you studies French? 4.... is the answer to my question? 5.... do you live in Moscow? 6.... were you born? 7.... lectures you on mathematics? 8.... do you study? 9. Here are the books.... is yours? 10.... knows the answer to this question?
Exercise 5. Поставьте вопросы к каждому члену предложения и дайте отрицательную форму.
1. Не entered the Aviation Institute last year. 2. My sister studies at the university. 3. The third-year students will have industrial training next summer.
Exercise 6. Read and translate the following text.
My University
There are many universities in Moscow. The head of a university is Rector. Usually there are several faculties in a university. Each faculty has a number of specialized departments and is headed by dean. The course of studies lasts (продолжается) 5-6 years.
The academic year in this country's higher schools begins on the 1-st of September and is divided into two terms (semesters). Students take exams at the end of each semester. If the results of the examinations are good, students get grants. Twice a year students have vacations – two weeks in winter and two months in summer.
My University has several buildings, old and new ones. There are many various laboratories. There is a very good library and a computer center in the main building.
Every faculty has its own specialized library, laboratories, workshops and computer centers.
The first- and second-year students study general engineering subjects (общетехнические предметы). In the third year students begin to study specialized subjects.
A very good tradition of our University is that theory is accompanied by practical training. Students begin to work at the University's well-equipped (хорошо оборудованный) laboratories and in senior years at various plants, design offices and research institutes of this country.
It is interesting but difficult to study at our University, especially for the first-year students as they do not know yet how to organize their work and time.
Exercise 7. Translate the sentences, make them negative and interrogative.
1. The books are taken from the library. 2. He was asked to help one of our students. 3. Many newspapers and magazines are published in this country. 4. That problem was discussed at our meeting. 5. The diagrams were brought by our monitor. 6. The exams will be taken in January. 7. They were told to do their work quickly. 8. The study of theory is accompanied by practical training. 9. A new laboratory was opened last year. 10. We shall be given a new task tomorrow. 11. Every institute is headed by Rector. 12. In summer you will be sent to a big plant for your industrial training.
СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ
Exercise 8. Переведите следующие производные слова:
глагол + tion (-ion, -sion) = существительное
to examine – проверять, экзаменовать → examination – экзамен
to apply – применять, использовать → application – применение
to educate – education; to adopt – adoption; to graduate – graduation; to specialize – specialization; to organize – organization; to revise – revision
глагол + -er, -or = существительное (обозначение деятеля)
to sell – продавать → seller – продавец
to visit – посещать → visitor – посетитель
существительное + al = прилагательное
education – образование → educational – образовательный
industry – industrial; profession – professional; person – personal;
существительное + ic = прилагательное
science – наука → scientific – научный;
basis – основа → basic – основной
drama – dramatic; patriot – patriotic
прилагательное + ly = наречие
high – высокий → highly – высоко
quick – quickly; usual – usually
глагол + -ment = абстрактное существительное
to treat – лечить → treatment – лечение
to move – movement; to improve – improvement
Exercise 9. Read and translate the international words.
qualification, qualified ['kwɔlɪfaɪd], speciality [ˌspeʃɪ'ælətɪ], specialist, special, specialize, engineer [ˌenʤɪ'nɪə], serious ['sɪərɪəs], adoption, style [staɪl], method ['meθəd], distance, system, foundation, satellite ['sæt(ə)laɪt], course [kɔ:s], instruction, mathematics [ˌmæθ(ə)'mætɪks], physics ['fizɪks], chemistry ['kemɪstrɪ], history, economics, to concentrate ['kɔns(ə)ntreɪt], bachelor ['bæʧ(ə)lə], sport center, basic, exchange.
Exercise 10.
A) Read and remember the pronunciation of the following words.
high [haɪ], higher education, highly-qualified, important [im'pɔ:tənt], provide [prə'vaɪd], development [di'veləpmənt], process ['prəuses], progress ['prəugres], steadily ['stedɪlɪ], enough [ɪ'nʌf], through [θru:], thorough ['θʌrə], quality ['kwɔlətɪ], natural ['næʧ(ə)r(ə)l], science ['saɪəns], scientist ['saɪəntɪst], require [rɪ'kwaɪə], curricula [kə'rɪkjələ], foreign ['fɔrɪn], major ['meɪʤə], future ['fjuːʧə], further ['fɜːðə], research [rɪ'sɜːʧ], enterprise ['entəpraɪz], know [nəu], knowledge ['nɔlɪʤ], graduate ['grædjuət].
B) Learn the following words and word-combinations by heart.
Vocabulary
as conj – как; по мере того как, когда; так как, поскольку
as well – так же
affect v – влиять на
become v – становиться
consider v – считать, полагать
develop v – развивать
development п – развитие
enable v – давать возможность
ensure v – обеспечивать,
гарантировать
especially adv – особенно
further а – дальнейший
improve v – улучшать, совершенствовать
mean (meant) v – значить, означать
means п – средство, способ
number п – число, количество
a number of – ряд, несколько
prepare v – готовить, подготавливать
provide v – снабжать, обеспечивать
receive v – получать
remain v – оставаться
quality п – качество
thorough а – основательный, доскональный, тщательный
usually adv – обычно
to play a part – играть р оль
to take into consideration – принимать во внимание, в расчет
at present – в настоящее время
Exercise 11. Read and translate the text, learn the new words.
TEXT А. HIGHER EDUCATION IN RUSSIA
Higher education plays an important part in the life of any country as it provides the country with highly-qualified specialists for future development and progress. It trains people to become teachers, engineers, doctors and other professional workers.
In all the industrial countries standards of living are steadily changing; this means that the kind of education, which was good enough thirty years ago, is not necessarily good for them today. The serious need to find ways and means of ensuring continuous and thorough adoption of the universities to contemporary needs in our rapidly changing world is widely recognized. And this means that styles of teaching, quality of learning materials 1 and organization of the university itself have to be continuously brought up to date 2 and improved.
Besides, knowledge and information which comes through the mass media must also be taken into consideration. This information explosion 3 has affected every field of Study, especially, of course, in the natural and applied sciences and in all other sciences as well. The increase of information requires new methods and new approaches to students' training and instruction 4.
At present a new system of education is introduced in this country – a distance education system. This computer system of learning helps working professionals to continue their education while remaining at their jobs. This system enables people to get knowledge and a good foundation in the sciences basic to his or her field of study. Distance learning has developed over years 5 from satellite video courses to modern videoconferencing through personal computers.
The academic year usually lasts 9 months and is divided into two terms (semesters). The first- and second-year students obtain thorough instructions in the fundamental sciences of mathematics, physics, chemistry and drawing as well as computer engineering and a number of others. The curricula are enriched and broadened 6 by instructions in such subjects as foreign languages, history and economics.
At the third year students get more advanced knowledge and begin to concentrate on their special interests, so to say, their «major» subject and take many courses in this subject. Specialized study and courses will help students to become specialists and prepare them for their future work.
After four years students will get a bachelor's degree. Then the students may go on with their studies and in a year or two of further study and research get a master's degree. After graduating from the university they may go on with their study and research and may get a still higher degree.
About 75 percent of students receive state grants and 15 percent are sponsored by enterprises. Universities have their own students’ hostels and some of them have large and excellent sport centers.
Education is a process through which culture is preserved, knowledge and skills are developed, values are formed, and information is exchanged.
Education is the way to success.
Vocabulary
1learning materials – учебный материал
2to bring up to date – довести до современных требований
3information explosion – информационный взрыв
4training and instruction – подготовка и обучение
5over years – за многие годы
6curricula are enriched and broadened – программы (курсы обучения) обогащаются и расширяются
Exercise 12.
A) Look through Ex. 6 and TEXT A and answer the questions.
1. When does the academic year begin in this country? 2. How many exams did you pass to enter the University? 3. Do you pay for your education? 4. Do students get grants? 5. What subjects do students study in the first year? 6. Which subject is the most interesting for you? 7. Is there a sport center in your University? 8. What degree do students get after four years of study? 9. What degree can a student get after two years of further study and research? 10. What new education system is introduced in this country? 11. What specialities do people get after graduating from a university? 12. Why is higher education important in the life of every country?
B) speak about higher education in Russia.
Exercise 13. Define the part of speech and translate into Russian.
Administration, gradual, electric, intensively, practical, dramatic, integral, specific, operation, illumination, naturally, identical, organization, originally, arctic, technical, acceleration.
Exercise 14. Найдите в TEXT А слова с суффиксами -tion, -al, -ic, -ly и переведите их.
Exercise 15. Find:
а) antonyms (слова, противоположные по значению)
to begin, to enter, young, large, to open, to take, quick, much, to graduate from, many, long, slow, little, to finish, old, small, to close, to give, few, short;
b) synonyms (слова, совпадающие по значению)
new, large, many, to begin, to take, to speak, to enter, to build, to do, to get, modern, big, to start, much, to make, main, to talk, to construct, to come into, major.
Exercise 16. Make up sentences. Mind the word order in English.
1. has, buildings, our, several, institute. 2. subjects, students, many, the first-year, study. 3. the third-year, had, last, students, training, industrial, summer. 4. carry out, students, practical, work, in, laboratories, well-equipped. 5. problems, many, scientists, important, solve, our. 6. texts, difficult, Petrov, technical, translated. 7. his, will, the teacher, translation, correct. 8. next, dean, a lecture, deliver, our, week, will. 9. students, more, institutes, last, entered, a million, than, year.
Exercise 17. Agree or disagree.
1. Do you study at school? 2. Are you a student of the third year? 3. Do you study many subjects? 4. Did you pass your entrance exams well? 5. Do you live in Moscow? 6. Do you live far from the institute? 7. Is English your favourite subject? 8. Will you go to the concert tomorrow? 9. Were your books taken from the library? 10. Do you live in the hostel?
Exercise 18. Fill in the gaps with in, at, on, to, into, under, near.
1. We live... Moscow. 2.1 get up... seven o'clock and leave... eight. 3. I usually walk... the institute. 4. There are three rooms... our flat. 5. There is a picture... the wall and a small table... the picture. 6. He comes... the room and sits down... the chair... the table. 7.... the evening we watch TV or read books. 8. We do not study... Sunday. 9. There are several newspapers... the table. 10. The accident happened... the bridge.
Exercise 19. Give the missing forms of the verbs, remember them.
Got, beginning, took, meant, say, becoming, found, brought, going, come
Exercise 20. Read and translate the text without any dictionary.
As you know higher education trains highly-qualified specialists for further development and progress of the country. The students making good progress get state grants. The course of study at the universities lasts about six years. The students take three or four years of general engineering and fundamental courses, then one or two years of specialized training in some fields of science and technology. In the first and second years a good foundation for professional knowledge is provided. At present there are many modern laboratories at institutes. Most higher schools have their own computer centers. This means that the state must spend a lot of money to improve higher education.
Exercise 21. Read and translate the text.
TEXT B. ANN'S ACADEMY
Hello again! Now let me tell you about my Polytechnical Academy. I am really glad that I study here. It is one of the finest country's higher educational institutions. Many famous people have graduated from my Academy, and not only engineers or scientists, but many outstanding writers, actors, showmen and politicians. Studying at our Academy gives a solid background in all spheres of knowledge and prepares for practical work.
Our Academy is quite large and old. It was founded in the 19th century by the famous Russian inventor Vladimir Komarov. First, it was a small department of a large University, but later it was rearranged into an independent institution. Nowadays it is a large school where more than 5,000 students are currently enrolled. About 3,000 are full-time students, like me, and the rest are part time-students. There are also about150 graduate students. They conduct independent research work and have pedagogical practice.
The course of study at my academy lasts five years. There are many faculties in my academy. Here are some of them: the faculty of industrial automation and robotics, the faculty of plastics, the faculty of machine tools and the faculty of metalworking.
Our academy is large and we have several buildings. One of the buildings is for lectures and seminars only. There are many large halls there so that students of 3-4 groups together can fit in there. And that is more than 100 people. The acoustics [ə'kuːstɪks] in such large halls is very good but sometimes it is very noisy when students chat during the lecture.
We have two laboratory buildings which are equipped with up-to-date equipment and there students can carry on lab works and conduct various experiments. Many students from my group do their own research work.
There are several cafes at the academy. My favourite one is situated in a separate one-storeyed building and people say that this is the oldest canteen or student's cafe. The food there is tasty and very affordable.
There are also several dormitories or hostel buildings where students from other cities live. But you know already that I don't live in a dormitory – I rent an apartment.
Vocabulary
currently – в настоящее время
to be enrolled – числиться в списках студентов
full-time students – студенты дневного отделения
part time-students – студенты вечернего отделения
a graduate student – аспирант
to conduct – проводить
course of study – курс обучения
industrial automation – промышленная автоматика
robotics – робототехника
plastics – пластмассы
machine-tools – станки
metalworking – металлообработка
figure ['fɪgə] – фигура, цифра
noisy – шумный
to chat – беседовать, болтать
to be equipped with – быть оборудованным
up-to-date equipment – современное оборудование
to carry on – проводить
research work – исследовательская работа
one-storeyed – одноэтажное
tasty ['teɪstɪ] – вкусный
affordable – доступный (to afford – позволять)
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