What is offered to build in Belarus

In the world the big number of various types of atomic reactors is developed. Differing in design, they, nevertheless, have uniform for all reactors basic faults.

In developed Concepts and the Program of construction of the nuclear power plant in Belarus [7], [9] atomic lobbyists have offered construction of the nuclear power plant with heavy water reactor “CANDU”, produced in Canada. The heavy water is such water which formula includes not routine hydrogen, but its heavier isotope deuterium. Later they start to raise question on a possibility of construction of the Russian reactor “WWER-640”.

The affirmation, that Canadian reactors are safer, than body light water reactors, does not correspond to a reality. It is known, that available types of reactors (apart from RBMK) have approximately identical level of safety. Therefore, from stopped for the last years 9 reactors in Canada the average term of exploitation has constituted 20,8 years. From for the present 16 working reactors only one has worked for 20 years. In 1997 in Canada has been stopped five reactors, in 1998 - 2 reactors. The part of the electric power produced NPPs in Canada in 1996 compounded 16 %, in 1997 – 14,2 %, in 1998 – 12,4 %. In Canada, half from all working reactors are stopped, and terms of their exploitation did not exceed 27 years.

In 1996, working parameters of reactors such as “CANDU” have been recognized as the inferior among all basic kinds of reactors. In Canada since 1978, there were no orders for construction of the new nuclear power plants and construction of them was not conducted. The last two reactors have been opened up in 1993. Utilization as fuel in “CANDU” reactors of non-enriched uranium is not their advantage as supporters of construction of the nuclear power plant affirm. First, the problem of enrichment of nuclear fuel by uranium - 235 is solved in seventieth. At the same time with construction of a “CANDU” reactor there is a new serious problem – utilization instead of routine water as a slowdown of heavy water, being, furthermore, a poisonous substance. It is necessary to buy and to deliver it from Canada or other states. The operational experience with heavy water, in general, in European countries and Russia is small. In Belarus, it is totally absent. Besides these problems, exploitation of heavy water reactors results in million tons of radioactive waste at 30 years of operation time, from here and the big additional expenditures connected to disposal of these waste products.

However, here again military departments appear. In the middle of 50^th, CIA has interested that in a reactor on a heavy water it is possible to receive tritium (a heavy isotope of hydrogen). «The reactor with capacity of 50 thermal MW, working on natural uranium, is capable to produce 0,15 gram of tritium per day» (see [4], page 121). If to assume, that in Belarus the 1000 MW reactor will be set up, it would produce daily 3 grams of Tritium. And so, production of Tritium is directly connected to interests of creators of the thermonuclear charge.

Probably therefore from 36 reactors created in 1997, 8 worked on heavy water. The panel of the countries creating these reactors is also distinctive: Argentina -1, India-4, Korea-2, and Romania-1. In addition, in fact it was well known already in those years, that reactors such as “CANDU” are extremely unsuccessful for the peace purposes. Then what for they were necessary?! And with what purpose our atomic lobbyists so persistently clutched to this reactor? And kept to cling even when Canadians already refused from them.

Thus, the Canadian reactor “CANDU” offered to construction does not correspond to modern demands on safety, is out-of-date construction and is not constructed anymore even in Canada. However, military departments have not lost interest to it.

What do you think, what would take place, if available arrangements with Canadians has started to be realized in Belarus? If even the small part of arrangements began to be realized, and then all would be broken, because of patent defects of the “CANDU" reactor, the damage to Belarus would constitute many hundred millions US dollars. Thank God, that Canadians “have advanced” our “very competent” atomic lobbyists and have rejected the reactors. In addition, in fact, Belarus was eager to have a noose around its neck!

However, it is not enough to our atomic lobbyists. Had no time to avoid one noose around the neck, they strive to put another “safety» noose around our neck. Now they look to Russian reactor WWER -640. It is difficult even to tell something about this reactor because its construction is not started yet even in Russia [15]. The prototype of the given reactor is reactor WWER-1000. Therefore, practically paying cost of 1000 MW reactor, it is possible to receive effective output in 1.6 times less. It is the extremely unreasonable.

In addition, this is not the most important yet. We already spoke that such reactor does not exists yet. From here, it is categorically impermissible, to arrange trial polygon for an introduction and mastering of new trial, half-trial and half-industrial reactors released by other countries in republic where there is no science, design, designer organizations, atomic energy staff, atomic mechanical engineering and etc. without what existence of this kind of energy is impossible. It should be their problem. As cost of the first unit always and everywhere in the world is much higher, than approved and already operated units.

Thus, now reactors with increased safety are still in the stage of development and not tested in a beta test. Under the affirmation of the supervisor of studies of the Design [7] O.G.Martynenko [30] in 1998 reactors with natural safety are developed and will be shown only in 10-15 years. However, it is also the next myth - we are convinced.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14