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| Свойства глагола | Свойства существительного | |
| ·1 имеет формы времени и залога: e.g. They deny having seen the thief. Они отрицают, что видели вора. ·1 может иметь прямое дополнение: e.g. He likesreading detective stories. Ему нравится читать детективы. ·1 может определяться наречием: e.g. He likes reading aloud. Он любит читать вслух. | ·3 сочетается с предлогами e.g. He is bored with studying. Ему наскучила учёба. ·4 может определяться притяжательным местоимением или существительным e.g. His being guilty is evident. То, что он виновен, очевидно. e.g. We know of Jack’s studying here. Мы знаем, что Джек учится здесь. | |
| Способы перевода | ||
| ·5 существительным ·6 неопределённой формой глагола ·7 деепричастием ·8 придаточным предложением Способ перевода зависит от функции герундия в предложении. | ||
| Функции герундия в предложении | ||
| Функция | Перевод | |
| 1. Subject Dieting is very popular now. 2. A Part of the Predicate: He kept on walking His hobby is gardening. 3. Object Thanks for calling me. 4. Attribute I like the idea ofmaking a break. 5. Adverbial Modifiers After finishing work, he left the office. | 1. Подлежащее Диета очень популярна сейчас. 2. Часть сказуемого Он продолжал идти. Его хобби – садоводство. 3.Дополнение Спасибо, что позвонили мне. 4. Определение Мне нравится идея сделать перерыв. 5. Обстоятельство Окончив работу, он покинул офис. | |
1. Practise translating the sentences with the Gerund. Define the function of the Gerund:
1. Playing loud music is prohibited after 11 p.m.
2. Preventing crime is very important.
3. Speaking foreign languages is useful for everyone.
4. Running long distances is very tiring.
5. There’s no hiding these facts. People will talk. There’s no preventing it.
6. The main thing is getting to work in time. I don’t feel like being late.
7. My watch keeps stopping.
8. The man denied having taken the money.
9. The gun wants cleaning.
10. She looked forward to seeing him again.
11. He succeeded in getting a good mark.
12. Can I be excused from swimming today? I have a cold.
13. I can’t excuse them for treating their animals so badly.
14. After three hours of questioning the suspect broke down and made a full confession (во всём признался).
15. You must be the first in promoting this idea.
16. The police officer realized that it was the only way of handling the situation under the circumstances (при таких обстоятельствах).
17. He left without saying a word.
18. She locked the safe before leaving the office.
19. Besides being unpopular this policy may lead to the slump in economy.
20. If someone dies without making a will, they are said to have died intestate [ın?tеstıt](умерший без завещания).
21. Have you ever been guilty of careless driving?
2. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct –ing form:
1. They go ____ (to run) every morning to keep fit.
2. Who is responsible for (to keep) the place in order?
3. He saw no harm in (to have) a snack or two from time to time.
4. Before (to give) evidence you must swear to speak the truth.
5. I regret ____ (to spend) so much money last weekend.
6. He confessed to _____ (to commit) a crime.
7. I have come to apologize for ____ (to cause) all that trouble.
8. How can I thank you enough for (to come) to my rescue (приходить на помощь)?
9. The bottle is empty. Victor suspects his roommates of (to drink) his cola.
10. People who broke the strike risked ____ (to attack) by the police.
11. Definitely he is not grateful for (to criticize).
12. He decided not to speak much to look important, but only succeeded in (to take) for a bore (скучный человек).
13. The boy insisted on (to treat) like a grown man.
14. The room was in a terrible mess; it needed _____ (to tidy up).
15. John required (to cheer up) when he heard about ____ (to fail) his exams.
16. The famous actor didn’t need (to introduce).
17. The flowers are dry. They want (to water) badly.
18. I know my hair needs (to cut), but I never have time to go to the hairdresser’s.
19. He had the most irritating habit of (to joke) at the wrong moment.
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