Kraft cooking of Eucalyptus globulus 162

– milled wood 262

– modification with peracetic acid 880

– modified kraft cooking 31, 244–248,

257–264

– molecular structure 32

– nucleophilic attack 856

– nucleophilic attack sites 648

– oxidation 874

Index

– oxygen susceptibility (relative) 640

– partial kappa numbers 724

– phenolic hydroxyl 263, 636

– phenolic hydroxyl groups 173

– phenolic polymer 31

– phenolic subunits 164

– phenylpropane building blocks 32

– PHK process 348

– photodegradation 655

– polymerized 853

– production in AQ-kraft process 323

– pteridophytes 30

– pulp bleaching 1126

– pulp fraction 440

– pulping yields 110

– para-quinone methide 164–165

– reactions with acid sulfite 407–416

– reactions with ozone 795

– reactions with peracid 881

– reactivity 634–641

– redox mechanisms 319

– relative oxygen susceptibility 640

– removal in CBC process 286

– removal rate in prehydrolysis-kraft process

– residual 174, 635, 704

– residual structure 173–174, 257–264

– resistant fractions 724

– selective bromination 316

– selective hydrolysis 1227

– side chain 635

– side-chain enone structures 857

– softening temperature 1081

– softwoods 22, 33

– solubilization 714

– specific consumption in selected model of

Kraft cooking kinetics 221

– spermatophytes 30

– spruce 213

– structure see lignin structures

– sulfitolysis 407

– sulfonation 407–408

– syringylpropane unit 165

– topochemical distribution 61–63

– units 164, 170–172, 420

– weight fractions 213

– yield as function of H-factor 438

– see also RLCC

Lignin-carbohydrate complexes 181, 258, 796

– formation and structure 171

– residual see RLCC

lignin content 1227–1228

– in relation to carbohydrate yield in alkaline

Pulping 186

– in relation to wood component yields 481

– in softwoods and hardwoods 22

– residual 1014, 1033

Lignin model compounds

– a-carbonyl group-containing 655

– relative oxygen susceptibility 640

Lignin species, degradation during kraft

Pulping 213

lignin structures 164–165, 173–174, 261–263

– b-O-4 263

– phenolic 795

– reactivity 634–641

– residual 262, 713–716

– responsible for bleaching reactivity 261

lignosulfonates, structure 415–416

lime cycle processes 990–991

Lime kiln

– emission limits 1003

– schematic 991

Lime mud 987

lime reburning 986–991

Limiting-consistency model 517

Limiting degree of polymerization 1043

Linkages, frequencies in kraft residual lignin

Liquid chromatography 1232

Liquid-ring vacuum pump 977

Liquidamber styraciflua, kinetic parameters for

Xylan water prehydrolysis 333

Liquor charging, acid sulfite pulping process

Chemistry 428

Liquor circulation 887

– implications 893–894

– schematic 889

liquor composition, AS/AQ and kraft

Pulping 476

Liquor cycle closure, stages 891

Liquor management, advanced 366

Liquor-to-wood ratio, prehydrolysis 326

Liquors

– kraft cooking 113–121

– spent liquor composition 448

– see also black liquor, green liquor, orange

Liquor, white liquor

LMS see laccase mediator- system

Дата добавления: 2015-10-21