Семинар 7.

1. Фразеологические единицы и их классификация.

2. Трудности перевода фразеологических единиц и причины, их вызывающие.

3. Правила и приемы перевода фразеологических единиц.

4. Выполнение практических заданий.

5. Замены как вид переводческих трансформаций и их практическое использование при переводе.

Рекомендуемая литература:

1. Бархударов, Л.С. Язык и перевод. Вопросы общей и частной теории перевода /Л.С. Бархударов. – М.: изд-во ЛКИ, 2008.

2. Авербух К.Я., Карпова О.М. Лексические и фразеологические аспекты перевода: учеб. пособие / К.Я. Авербух, О.М. Карпова. – М.: Академия, 2009.

3. Гузеева, К.А. Сборник упражнений по переводу. Английский язык: Учебное пособие. / К.А. Гузеева, Э.И. Зацепина. – СПб.: Перспектива, 2009.

Задание 1. Определите, какие фразеологические единицы переводятся с помощью:

· абсолютного эквивалента;

· относительного эквивалента;

· аналога;

· калькирования;

· описательного перевода:

to cast a glance; grass widow; the bitter truth; to kill the goose that lays the golden eggs; a bird may be known by its song; to work one’s fingers to the bone; a skeleton in the cupboard; liars must have good memories; to play with fire; to read between lines; to hit the bird in the eye; love me, love my dog; to catch somebody red-handed.

Задание 2. Сравните английские и русские фразеологизмы, подберите среди них парные, определите сходство и различие в свойствах и функциях.

Beat about a bush Great oaks grow from little acorns Madam, I’m Adam Wear sackcloth and ashes Beat someone fair and square Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise Be a big fish in a little pond Between the devil and the deep blue sea Breath fire and brimstone Dog eat dog In for a penny, in foe a pound Trust the God and keep your powder dry Bright-eyed and bushy-tailed Land of milk and honey

Первый парень на деревне Посыпать голову пеплом Вокруг да около Здравствуйте, я ваша тетя! Разбить наголову Кто рано встает, тому Бог дает Хрен редьки не слаще Из ушей дым идет, из ушей пламя пышет Где наша не пропадала Человек человеку волк На Бога надейся, а сам не плошай Молочные реки, кисельные берега Мал золотник да дорог Мягко стелет, да жестко спать

Задание 3. Укажите возможные способы перевода следующих фразеологизмов:

to rob Peter to pay Paul; Richard is himself again; in Rome do as the Romans do; Rome was not built in a day;

Peeping Tom; all will be well, Jack will have Jill; he that mischief hatches, mischief catches; a clever tongue will take you anywhere; facts are stubborn things; the cow knows not what her tail is worth until she has lost it; a drowning man will catch at a straw; murder will out; least said soonest mended; to bite the hand that feeds you; to gild the pill; to grin like a Cheshire cat.

Задание 4. Переведите фразеологизмы на русский язык на основе анализа контекста. Обоснуйте ваше переводческое решение.

1. He tends to exaggerate, so if I were you I’d take everything he says with a pinch of salt.

2. He’s going to become Prime Minister one day. Mark my words!

3. The doctor told me to take it easy.

4. We’re off to a conference on Wednesday, so we’re relying on you to hold the fort until we get back.

5. If you keep taking digs at me like that, our friendship won’t last long.

6. All her life Mary earned her living by the sweat of her brow.

7. He spared no effort to strike up a friendship with his boss.

8. People of every stripe and colour took part in the demonstration.

9. He is the guy who stands up for human rights.

10,How come you don’t get it when it is clear as daylight.

Задание 5. Используйте различные приемы контекстуальных замен в переводе следующих предложений:

Прием антонимического перевода:

1. Did you remember to post the letters I gave you?

2. You’d better keep out of their quarrels.

3. It was the kind of face not easy to forget.

4. He was not old enough.

5. No boy should defy his parents.

6. I believe such stories are not uncommon.

7. The tones of her voice were clear and not unmelodious.

8. I never treat my teachers with disrespect.

Прием смыслового развития:

1. A little water stood in her eyes.

2. It is time you were awake to the danger of your position.

3. I am neither a believer nor an unbeliever.

4. I’ll go where I belong.

5. He was a bad winner and a good loser.

6. She wasn’t depressed. I mean she wasn’t feeling suicidal or anything like that.

Прием целостного переосмысления:

1. Sleep it on, tomorrow is a new day.

2. Things go in threes.

3. Never too much of a good thing.

4. There’s small choice in rotten apples.

5. Second thoughts are best.

6. You are cutting your own throat.

7. Curses like chicken come home to roost.

8. Where there is a will there is a way.

Задание 6. Переведите следующие предложения, произведя необходимые замены. Обоснуйте свое переводческое решение.

1. The second half of the 15^th century saw wars and conquests in Morocco.

2. Bad weather made the plane land immediately.

3. The sophisticated training facilities demanded careful handling.

4. The road dictated the way we should drive.

5. The competition tested the strength of the best athletes

6. It is reported that the building has been damaged in the air raid.

7. The resolution is believed to have been adopted already.

8. The ship was lost sight of.

9. This room can’t be entered.

10. I don’t know why I am asked such a question.

11. I can’t forget foreign holidays.

12. He is a foresighted person.

13. With his views now put on the record, he began to dwell in detail on his further plans.

14. Did you notice anyone go out?

15. I heard somebody slam the door in the middle of the night.

Дата добавления: 2015-10-13