Notes on the text.

to mean – означати to invade – захоплювати character – герой to investigate – розслідувати rubber – гумовий Batman – людина-кажан one-piece – суцільний utility – простий mansion – особняк cave – печера cop – розм. поліцай executioner – кат law – закон Spider-Man – людина-павук nasty – небезпечний blood – кров ceiling – стеля to fight – боротися з … crime – злочин to swing – гойдатися, крутитися

web – павутиння incredible – неймовірний poster – плакат mug – кухоль CD = compact disk to accompany – супроводити director – режисер to tangle up – заплутатися script – сценарій VS = versus лат. проти evil – зло huge hit –величезний успіх forbidden – заборонений explanation – пояснення struggle – боротьба identifiable – якого можна впізнати plot – сюжет action-packed – динамічний western film – ковбойський фільм

Завдання до тексту:

1. Дайте відповіді:

How can you prove that the film “Batman Forever” was a film?

What super-heroes from American films do you know?

How many Batman films were made so far?

What is the favourite story of Hollywood?

2. Прокоментуйте всі випадки вживання закінчення”S”в абзаці 1.

3. Знайдіть слова, що були утворені за допомогоюю суфіксації та словоскладання в абзацах 2, 3, 4.

4. Знайдіть та перекладіть значення, в якому вживається ланцюжок іменників в абзацах 4.

SCHOOLS IN ENGLAND

England has a very interesting system of education. Education is class-divided in England. There are some state schools in England. Theyare infant schools, junior schools and secondary schools.

British boys and girls begin to go to school at the age of five. They draw pictures, sing songs, play games, listen to the stories and tales.

British children begin to read and write when they enter the infant schools.

Young children are divided into two groups, according to their mental abilities. Children leave infant schools when they are 7 years old. They begin to study at junior schools where they learn to write, to read and to do mathematics.

Boys and girls have many interesting school subjects. They are History, English, Geography, Arithmetics, Arts, Music, Swimming.

When the pupils enter the junior schools, they have a special test. According to the results of the test and their intellectual abilities they are divided into three groups.

Boys and girls study at junior schools for four years. Then they write their examinations and enter the secondary schools.

There are some types of secondary schools in England. They are: grammar schools, modern schools and comprehensive schools. English boys and girls go to a secondary school from 11 till 16. They don't go to school on Saturdays and Sundays.

One can attend modern schools, but pupils don't learn foreign languages at such schools. If pupils go to grammar schools they'll have a good theoretical secondary education. The other secondary school is a comprehensive school. Almost all secondary school pupils (90%) go there.

There are some private schools in England. Boys and girls don't study together at these schools. The sons of the aristocracy go to private schools and their parents pay much money for their training.

Independent and preparatory schools are private schools too. The teachers of the private schools pay personal attention to each pupil.

It is possible to enter the best English Universities after leaving private schools. After finishing grammar schools pupils have good knowledge and may continue to study in colleges or Universities.

Pupils have school uniforms in England. It is an old tradition in the country. A boy's uniform consists of a school cap, a tie and a blazer. A girl's uniform consists of a hat, a coat, a skirt and a blouse.

AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN SYSTEMS COMPARED

Education in America is largely the business of the individual-State, not of the Federal Government. Each of fifty states has its own system of education. There is no Minister of Education, such as exists in many other coun­tries, no national system of education. In addition to public schools, academies, colleges and universities, there is a great number of private institutions of educa­tion. The Federal Government of the United States doesn't interfere in any way with public education within the States.

Americans tend to study a larger number of subjects than Europeans, in schools, and particularly at the univer­sity. Seven subjects are required for a first degree (Bachelor's degree) in many colleges. In the USA wide, and sometimes superficial, knowledge is often valued more than specialization.

The aim of American education is to create a good citi­zen, rather than a scholar. That is why great emphasis is placed on social duties and obligations, on communicating with other people, and obtaining varied information, which will be of practical use in life.

HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES

There are more than two thousand institutions of higher education in the United States with the number of students ranging from fewer than a hundred to 40,000.

Young people who want to enter higher education must meet some requirements. They must have attended a high school for four years. No student is admitted to a college or university without having completed a four-year course in high school. This means that a student who wants to study at the university or college must begin by doing good work in high school. If his grades in high school are satisfactory, he is admitted to a university or college, where he may take a Bachelor's degree after a four-year course of study. About fifty three per cent of pupils who complete their high school course go on to a college or university.

The first two years in an American college or university differ somewhat from a similar period in a European one. These years in American college are a continuation of secondary education. During this time certain courses in English, social science, natural science and so on must be completed before a student may begin an intensive study of this special field.

Nearly all of colleges and universities in the United States are coeducational. This means both men and wom­en attend the same university; it is common for students to leave home to study, and only about 15 °/o of all uni­versity students live at home while they study. Students may live either on the university campus in one of the dormitories or in private homes in the city in which the University is located.

University life provides a wide variety of recreational activities. Although a great deal of time must necessarily be devoted to study, students find time for recreation. There are football, basketball, and baseball games, teas and dances, concerts, debates, club programs and plays, to mention only a few of the many activities. Most recrea­tional activities are not expensive for the student.

Дата добавления: 2015-07-18