A) Present Passive quiz

Student A

Write the correct present passive form of the verb in brackets. Then, read the sentences to your partner. Your partner will guess if they are true or false.

1. Diamonds __________________ (use) for drilling by dentists. TRUE

2. 10 million bottles of Coca Cola __________________ (drink) every day. FALSE: 110 million

3. 2,000 African elephants ____________ (kill) every year. FALSE: Every month

4. The New York Times __________________ (read) every day by 5 million people. FALSE: 1.5 million

5. The word ‘cash’ _______________ (take) from the Indian word for tea. TRUE

6. No babies __________________ (born) in the Vatican City. TRUE

7. 3,000 million flowers __________________ (grow) each year in Hawaii. FALSE: Holland

8. Less sugar __________________ (eat) in Europe and the USA now than 200 years ago. FALSE: 20 times more sugar is eaten now.

9. 6% of the Earth’s surface __________________ (cover) by rain forest. TRUE

10. A tornado __________________ (measure) on the Richter scale. FALSE: An earthquake

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Student B

Write the correct present passive form of the verb in brackets. Then, read the sentences to your partner. Your partner will guess if they are true or false.

1. Ashtrays are the most common objects which __________________ (steal) from hotels. FALSE: Towels

2. In the world, 11,000 babies __________________ (born) every hour. TRUE

3. More oil __________________ (import) by America than any other country in the world. FALSE: Japan

4. Wood __________________ (use) by half the world’s population for cooking and heating. TRUE

5. Coca-cola __________________ (sell) only in the USA and Europe. FALSE: 157 countries all over the world.

6. The country in the world which __________________ (visit) by the highest number of tourists is Italy. TRUE

7. 85% of Greenland __________________ (cover) by ice. TRUE

8. English __________________ (speak) as a first language by the largest number of people in the world. FALSE: Mandarin Chinese

9. Seals __________________ (catch) and __________________ (eat) by crocodiles. FALSE: Polar bears

10. Houses ___________________ (heat) by hot water from under the ground in Iceland. TRUE

B) Past Passive quiz

Student A

Write the correct past passive form of the verb in brackets. Then, read the sentences to your partner. Your partner will guess if they are true or false.

1. The Eiffel Tower __________________ (build) in 1750. FALSE: In 1889

2. The first email __________________ (send) in 1971. TRUE

3. The structure of the DNA __________________ (discover) by Albert Einstein. FALSE: By Watson and Crick.

4. The Italian flag __________________ (design) by Napoleon. TRUE

5. Chess __________________ (invent) by the Egyptians 1,500 years ago. FALSE: The Chinese

6. The first Levi Jeans __________________ (wear) by cowboys. FALSE: Miners

7. The first credit card __________________ (use) in 1945. FALSE: 1970

8. The Jazz Singer, the first film with sound, __________________ (make) in 1890. FALSE: 1927

9. Basketball __________________ first __________________ (play) in Africa. FALSE: In America.

10. The first modern Olympics __________________ (hold) in Athens in 1896. TRUE

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Student B

Write the correct past passive form of the verb in brackets. Then, read the sentences to your partner. Your partner will guess if they are true or false.

1. Football __________________ first __________________ (play) by the English. TRUE

2. The first coins __________________ (use) in 600 BC. TRUE

3. The Mona Lisa __________________ (buy) by King Francis I of France to decorate his bathroom. TRUE

4. The first animals which __________________ (tame) and kept for milk were cows. FALSE: Goats and sheep.

5. In 1959, a single Golden Delicious apple tree __________________ (sell) in France for $51,000. TRUE

6. Roman coins __________________ (discover) in the USA. TRUE

7. The English Channel __________________ (swim) by Captain Webb in 1875. TRUE

8. The first car __________________ (build) by Ford in 1910. FALSE: Gottlieb Daimler in 1885.

9. The sun __________________ (block) by a dust cloud for a whole year in 536 AD. TRUE

10. The first steps on the moon __________________ (take) by Buzz Aldrin in 1969. FALSE: Neil Armstrong

Passive pelmanism

The teacher answers the student's question.	The student's question is answered by the teacher.	The student answers the teacher's question.	The teacher’s question is answered by the student.
The dog chased the cat.	The cat was chased by the dog.	The cat chased the dog.	The dog was chased by the cat.
Daniel spotted the tiger.	The tiger was spotted by Daniel.	The tiger spotted Daniel.	Daniel was spotted by the tiger.
Anna called David on the phone.	David was called by Anna on the phone.	David called Anna on the phone.	Anna was called by David on the phone.
Anna loves David.	David is loved by Anna.	Her mother gave it to her.	It was given to her by her mother.
David ate Anna’s last cookie.	Anna’s last cookie was eaten by David.	The blue car passes the red car.	The red car is passed by the blue car.

Unit 4

Expressing possibility, probability and certainty

4.1. Do you hear what I hear? (T-Cl)

The idea has been taken from busyteacher.org

The teacher makes noises with some objects; the students have to guess what the object is: It might be a…/must/could...

If you don’t want to use realia, you can find some sounds on the internet.

If the students are correct, they get a point. The one with most correct points wins and may get a thing from the box (or in case of sounds something related to them; or just any prize you use – a sticker or a sweet).

4.2. Modal crosswords (IW)

Material: Worksheet for each student

Students complete the crosswords after they got acquainted with the Grammar reference for Unit 4 (pp. 152-153). They shouldn’t turn over the worksheets (there are the keys). When they finished, they can turn over the sheets, check their answers and deal with task 2 which is matching the sentences with the examples of usage. The answers are in the Grammar reference.

Modal crosswords

Task 1. Complete the crosswords

	Across: 2. It's quite possible that none of our clients will like the new product. 3. I'd better write it down otherwise I could easily forget. 5. It's just about possible that we’ll have finished the project by the end of March. 6. There's a slight possibility that the whole project will be abandoned.   Down: 1. The weather may well improve by the weekend. 2. There's a strongpossibility that our offices are going to be moved from the city centre to the outskirts.
	Across: 2. I'd say there's a strong likelihood of him getting a first class degree. 3. He's notlikely to make the same mistake again. Down: 1. You've got such a good level of English that you should have no difficultly in landing the job. 2. There's little likelihood that we’ll manage to meet our deadline.
	Across: 1. We might be going out later. 2. Their machines are notoriously unreliable and they're bound to break down before long. Down: 1. They must be making a lot of money with so many customers. 2. You must all be wondering why I have called this meeting.

Task 2. Match the sentences with their usage.

Possibility

It's quite possible that none of our clients will like the new product.	Used in the following structure: There’s a ____ + that + sentence to express stronger possibility
I'd better write it down otherwise I could easily forget.	It’s____ + that + sentence to express stronger possibility
It's just about possible that we’ll have finished the project by the end of March.	Used with may/might/could to express a strong possibility
There's a slight possibility that the whole project will be abandoned.	Used with may/might/could to express a strong possibility
The weather may well improve by the weekend.	Used in the following structure: ____ + that + sentence to express possibility
There's a strongpossibility that our offices are going to be moved from the city centre to the outskirts.	Used in the following structure: ____ + that + sentence to express possibility

Probability

I'd say there's a strong likelihood of him getting a first class degree.	Used in the following structure: ____ + that + sentence
He's notlikely to make the same mistake again.	Used in the following structure: ____ + of + gerund/noun
You've got such a good level of English that you should have no difficultly in landing the job.	Used in the following structure: ____ + infinitive
There's little likelihood that we’ll manage to meet our deadline.	Used to say that you expect something is or will be true

Certainty

We might be going out later.	To express things you are certain about because you have evidence
Their machines are notoriously unreliable and they're bound to break down before long.	To express a weaker possibility (with modals of possibility: may/might/must)
They must be making a lot of money with so many customers.	To talk about things happening now, in progress, or arranged for the future
You must all be wondering why I have called this meeting.	Used in the following structure: ____ + infinitive

Teacher’s version

Possibility

It's quite possible that none of our clients will like the new product.	It’s____ + that + sentence to express stronger possibility
I'd better write it down otherwise I could easily forget.	Used with may/might/could to express a strong possibility
It's just about possible that we’ll have finished the project by the end of March.	Used in the following structure: ____ + that + sentence to express possibility
There's a slight possibility that the whole project will be abandoned.	Used in the following structure: ____ + that + sentence to express possibility
The weather may well improve by the weekend.	Used with may/might/could to express a strong possibility
There's a strongpossibility that our offices are going to be moved from the city centre to the outskirts.	Used in the following structure: There’s a ____ + that + sentence to express stronger possibility

Probability

I'd say there's a strong likelihood of him getting a first class degree.	Used in the following structure: ____ + of + gerund/noun
He's notlikely to make the same mistake again.	Used in the following structure: ____ + infinitive
You've got such a good level of English that you should have no difficultly in landing the job.	Used to say that you expect something is or will be true
There's little likelihood that we’ll manage to meet our deadline.	Used in the following structure: ____ + that + sentence

Certainty

We might be going out later.	To express a weaker possibility (with modals of possibility: may/might/must)
Their machines are notoriously unreliable and they're bound to break down before long.	Used in the following structure: ____ + infinitive
They must be making a lot of money with so many customers.	To express things you are certain about because you have evidence
You must all be wondering why I have called this meeting.	To talk about things happening now, in progress, or arranged for the future

Unit 5

Infinitives and verb + -ing forms

5.1. What do you know about early automobiles? (PW)

Material: Worksheets for each student

Start the activity by asking who made cars affordable to masses of people or who developed assembly line. (Henry Ford)

Students first work individually and complete the story with the correct forms (either infinitive or gerund or both). Then they work in pairs and check each other.

At the end of the activity you can ask if they found out anything new about early automobiles.

5.2. I will survive (IW)

Material: Worksheets for each student, track with the song “I will survive” by Gloria Gaynor

The material has been taken from busyteacher.org

Ask students if they know the song by Gloria Gaynor “I will survive”. If they do, ask what it is about. And if they don’t, let them guess.

Spread the worksheets. Students complete the gaps with the correct form of the verb in brackets, then listen to the song and check the answers. Before listening you can give them a chance to compare their answers and prove their point of view.

Students listen to the song once again and decide whether the words in bold are right or wrong. They correct the wrong ones.

If you have enough time, sing the song.

Keys:

At first I was afraid, I was petrified
Kept thinking I could never live without you by my side
Then I spent so many nights thinking how you did me wrong
And I grew strong
And I learned how to get along
And so you're back from outer space
I just walked in to find you here, with that sad look upon your face
I should have changed that stupid lock
I should have made you leave your key
If I had known for just one second you'd be back to bother me

Go on now, go walk out the door
Just turn around now
'coz you're not welcome anymore
Weren't you the one who tried to hurt me with goodbye?
Did you think I'd crumble?
Did you think I'd lay down and die?
Oh no not i, I will survive
For as long as I know how to love, I know I'll stay alive
I've got all my life to live
And I've got all my love to give
I'll survive I will survive

Hey hey

It took all the strength I had not to fall apart
Just trying hard to mend the pieces of my broken heart
And I spent oh so many nights just feeling sorry for myself
I used to cry, but now I hold my head up high
And you see me, somebody new
I'm not that chained up little person still in love with you
And so you felt like dropping in and just expect me to be free
But now I'm saving all my loving for someone who's loving me

What do you know about early automobiles?

Student A Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form Early automobiles Many inventors were trying ________ (build)gas-powered, self-propelled vehicles in the late 1800's. A French inventor succeeded increatinga steam-powered tricycle in 1769. A German engineer,Niklaus August Otto, is known for _________ (invent)the four-strokegas-powered engine in 1876. Both Gottlieb Daimler and Carl Benz managed to buildand sellautos in Germany in the 1880s. By 1898 there were 50 companies responsible for ________ (market)cars in the United States alone. That number happenedto expandto241 by 1908. It was in 1908 when Henry Ford started ______ (make)automotivehistory. It was in that year that he managed to put together the first assembly line and lower the price of automobiles so that everyone could buy one. He began ________ (arrange)workers so that they couldeach do a small part of the job in sequence. This prevented repeatinga log of unnecessary steps in the assembly process. By 1913 he managed ________ (produce) 250,000 cars a year. His first mass-produced car, theModel T, guaranteed to givemodest-incomed Americans decenttransportation for a reasonable ($500 USD!) price. Henry Ford went on ________ (lead) the U.S. automobile industry for many years. Though he tried, he failed to get elected to the U.S. Senate in 1918. His company was started with just $28,000 and, by 1913, managed ________ (pay) dividends of $11 million. While Ford declined to give away more than a modest amount during his lifetime, the Ford Foundation arran-ges ________ (donate) millions of dollars each year to deserving causes.

Student B Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form Early automobiles Many inventors were trying to buildgas-powered, self-propelled vehicles in the late 1800's. A French inventor succeeded in________ (create)a steam-powered tricycle in 1769. A German engineer,Niklaus August Otto, is known for inventingthe four-strokegas-powered engine in 1876. Both Gottlieb Daimler and Carl Benz managed ________ (build)and _______ (sell)autos in Germany in the 1880s. By 1898 there were 50 companies responsible for marketingcars in the United States alone. That number happened __________ (expand)to241 by 1908. It was in 1908 when Henry Ford started to make/makingautomotivehistory. It was in that year that he managed ________ (put) together the first assembly line and _______ (lower) the price of automobiles so that everyone could buy one. He began to arrange/arrangingworkers so that they couldeach do a small part of the job in sequence. This prevented ________(repeat)a log of unnecessary steps in the assembly process. By 1913 he managed to produce 250,000 cars a year. His first mass-produced car, theModel T, guaranteed ______ (give)modest-incomed Americans decenttransportation for a reasonable ($500 USD!) price. Henry Ford went on to lead the U.S. automobile industry for many years. Though he tried, he failed ________ (get) elected to the U.S. Senate in 1918. His company was started with just $28,000 and, by 1913, managedto pay dividends of $11 million. While Ford declined _______ (give) away more than a modest amount during his lifetime, the Ford Foundation arranges to donate millions of dollars each year to deserving causes.

I will survive by Gloria Gaynor

Unit 6

Avoiding repetition

Shortening the joke (PW)

Material: Worksheets for each pair

Students work in pairs and try to make the joke shorter, omitting only unnecessary information. Set the time limit. The pair who managed to make the shortest joke wins.

Key:

A police officer pulled over a driver and informed him that, because he was wearing his seat belt, he had just won $1,000 in a safety competition. ''What are you going to do with the prize money?'' the officer asked. The man responded, ''I guess I'll go to driving school and get my license.'' At that moment, his wife, who sat next to him, chimed in, ''Officer, don't listen to him. He's sarcastic when he's drunk.'' This woke up the guy in the back seat, who, when he saw the cop, blurted out, ''I knew we wouldn't get far in this stolen car.'' At that moment, there was a knock from the trunk and a voice asked ''Are we over the border yet?'' (11)

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