Piping requirement

安装现场 / 基础 Site for installing/Basis

概述 Outline

本节描述的安装程序在性质上是通用的。更详细的程序在各种出版物中描述，为机械安装和

安装计划推荐的实施方案。泵应安装在靠近液体供应的地方并有足够的空间用于操作、维护

和检查，保证允许起重机或升降机的工作。

This section tell us that the installing process is uniform in nature. More details can be

given in all kinds of edition, for mechanical designing and installing. The pump

should be installed in the place where near to the fluid and leave enough space for

operation、maintenance、and inspection, so that we can allow the hoisting or other

work.

安装了泵的底座通常用水泥浆浇灌到已经灌注在紧固地面上的混凝土基础上。该 基础必须能

够吸收任何振动，并且为泵机组形成一个永久的、坚硬的支撑。 地脚螺栓的位置和尺寸在

泵资料袋提供的外形图上标出。

图 4和图 5 显示了通常使用的地脚螺栓。在 使用套管式时，套 管的内径应是螺栓直径的 2.5～

3 倍。螺栓头部与套管之间应放上垫圈。也可以使用 J 型地脚螺栓。为了最后调整，这两种

类型的地脚螺栓均可移动。

When the pump base is installed, please grout the concrete basement with cement.

And this basement must strong enough to absorb any vibration, and as well as a

permanent and strong support for the pump Unit. The usual used base bolts are made

in picture 4 and 5. If drivepipes are used, the inner size of drivepipes should be 2.5~3

times larger than base bolt’s diameter. Put a gasket between the head of bolt and the

drivepipe. You can also use a J type base bolt. The two kinds of base bolts are both

can be movable in order to match the final adjustment

底座的安装 Installing for basement

在给底座灌浆之前应该遵守工业标准程序或如下程序。该 程序要求安装者有底座和基础设计

以及安装方法的基本知识。

Please obey the following industrial standard process. This process need the operater

have relative knowledge of base design or installing.

底座的准备 The preparation for basement

1、 检查所有接触浆料的底座表面的污染情况（例如铁锈、油污、尘垢等）。

Check the contamination of slurry on the base surface (such as rust、oil dity、dust and

dirt, etc.)

2、 用不留下任何残留物的清洁剂彻底清洗与浆料接触的所有底座表面。

Flush and clean all of the base surfaces with cleaner to make sure any dirty is

removed away.

3、检查所有机加工表面毛刺、铁锈、油或任何其他类型的污染。如必要，用磨石除去毛刺。

Check all of the burr、r ust、o il and any other pollution. To clean the burr up by using a

holystone

基础的准备 The preparation for basement

1、为了除去疏松的或强度低的混凝土，基础顶部修去 20～25mm 的厚度，假如使用气锤，

要确保没有油、水气等污染表面。

Cut by 20~25mm on the top of the base in order to clean up the concrete. Make sure

that the surfaces are out of pollution when using an air hamme

不得使用风镐之类的重型工具，因为它们可能损坏基础的结构完整性。

Do not use a tool such as pickax considering the integrality for base construction

would be damaged.

2、除去地脚螺栓孔/套管上的水和/或杂物。假如使用套管式螺栓，套管中填充不粘接的可

塑材料并密封，以防止浆料进入。

Remove the water or dirty on the base screw. If a bushing screw is used, please fill

some waxiness material skipped viscidity, then seal it so that the slurry will be

stopped.

3、为防止浆料粘结到地脚螺栓上，地 脚螺栓的外露部分涂以抗粘附的化合物（ 如糊状腊等）。

The outer part of the base screw should be layed on some misture so that the slurry

will not stick to the base bolts

注意：不得使用油或液态腊。

Note: It is not allowed to use oil or fluid wax.

2、假如浆料生产商建议，可在基础表面涂以与浆料相容的底漆。

You can paint some painting on the base after get the allowance of slurry producer.

调整和校平底座 Adjust the basement

1、 底座小心地放下到基础顶部。 用水泥浇灌底座、地脚螺栓孔眼。

Put the base down to the basebolts carefully and orient it on the top of the basement.

应该利用设备的装配表面证实水平。

To certify the level by using the installing surface of equipment.

注意：不得使用油和液态腊。

Note: Do not use oil or fluid wax.

3、 地脚螺栓套上螺母并用手拧紧。Put nuts on base bolts and tighten them by hand.

对中及其标准 Centreline and the relative standard

总则 General

在着手任何对中程序之前，确认切断驱动器的电源。未切断驱动器电源将导致

严重的人身伤害。

Before carrying out the centre process, please make sure the power is cut off. Bad life

damage will occur if the power is not cut off.

核查和调整对中的时间是 Check and adjust the suitable centerline time:

初始对中（冷对中） 在泵和驱动器运行之前，环境温度下进行。

The first check should begin before the running of pump and driver under ambit

temperature.

★ 底座灌浆之前……保证能得到对中。

Before grouting of basement……to make sure it can be finished centerline.

★ 底座灌浆之后……保证管路张力不改变对中。假如已经发生变化，改变管道以去除泵

法兰上管路的张力。

After grouting of basement……to make sure the expansion force will not change the

centerline. On case some changes occure, just change the pipe to eliminate the

expansion force on flange.

最后对中（热对中）是在泵和驱动器运行以后，操作温度下进行。

The last centerline is holed after the running of the pump and driver under the normal

temperature.

★首次运行以后……泵和驱动器在操作温度下得到正确的对中。此后，按照装置的

操作程序应定期核查对中。

After the first running……pump and driver should be successfully centerlined under

operating temperature. After that, you should check the centerline from time to time

according to the process of the equipment

注意：工艺温度改变、管道改变和泵在工作后，必须核查对中。

Note: Please check the centerline if any changes on temperature 、pipe 、or pump

running.

在驱动器下面加入或去掉垫片或水平移动驱动器（如果需要）可达到对中。

Add on some small gasket or move the driver in level if possible, the centerline can be

reached.

注意：正确对中是安装者和用户的责任。

Note: It is the responsibility for both installer and user to realize centerline.

设备必须达到准确的对中。对中达到下节规定的程度，才能够实现设备无故障运行。

The equipment must be centered. Only the equipment is realized the following level,

the unit can running without malfunction.

利用三种普通的对中方法： To realize centerline by using the following methods:

★反向百分表法最普遍。The most normal method is using antidirect

centesimal meter.

★激光法与反向百分表法相似，但使用激光获得必要的测量值。

Laser method is similar to antidirect

centesimal meter, and we can get some

necessary value by using a laser.

★百分表（外缘和表面）法。Centesimal meter (outer and surface) method.

在利用反向百分表法或激光法时遵守对中设备生产商的程序。使用百分表（外缘和表面）法

详细的对中程序见附录Ⅱ。

When using antidirect

centesimal meter method or laser method, please comply with

the process of the equipment producer. See the appendix II regarding the detailed

process on centerline.

对中标准 Standard for centerline

泵和驱动器在操作温度时（最后对中）对中读数达到本节规定的数值，可获得良好的对中。

不管使用何种对中方法，对 于所有 SBB2 型泵，其 平行和角度偏差允许最大总表读数为 0.05。

When the value is reached the number in this section, the the centerline is succeed.

For all of the centerline methods, the allowed max tolerance for SBB2 pump is the

number 0.05.

注意 A ：对于电动机，由于热膨胀会引起地脚固定的电机轴 “ 膨胀 ” 到泵轴中心

线以上，电 机轴的初始（ 冷的）平 行和垂直对中调节应该比泵轴低 0.05 ～ 0.10mm 。

Note A: For motor, the motor shaft will be “expended” exceed to the centerline of

pump shaft, the premier parallel and upright centerline adjustment should lower by

0.05~0.10 than pump shaft.

注意 B ：对于其他类型的驱动器（透平，引擎，等等）， 建议遵守驱动器生产商。

Note B: For other type of drivers, we suggest obey the producer of these engines

drivers.

对中的故障分析 Analysis for malfunctions

问题

Problems

可能的原因

Possible reasons

补救方法

Saving methods

无法达到水平（边缘到边缘）

对中，有角度或平行

Can not reach parallel (edge to

edge) centerline, existing angles

or paralleling.

驱动器固定螺栓被束缚

The fixed screws of driver is

locked

松开泵的固定螺栓并推动泵和驱动

器，直至达到水平对中

Lose the fixed scres and push the pump

and driver till the lever alignment is

reached.

底座未正确校平，可能扭歪

The basement is not aligned

right, but distorting

确定底座的哪一个角高或低，并调节

该角上的紧顶螺钉重新对中

Check witch angle is higher or lower,

and adjust the tight screw to realign it.

无法达到垂直（顶部到底部）

的对中，有角度或平行

Unable to meet the vertical (top

in the end the Department) on,

there are angles or parallel

底座未正确校平，可能弯曲

The basement is not aligned,

but bend.

确定底座的中部是否凸起或下沉，并

调节底座中央处的紧顶螺钉校正底

板

Check the middle part of base is lower

or higher, then adjust the screw in the

middle part.

底座的灌浆 Grouting for basement

总则 General

建议使用不缩水的浆料。 Advise to use slurry antishrink.

注意：应该咨询并遵守浆料生产商的说明书。

Note: Please obey and consult the instruction of slurry producer.

以下是给底座灌浆的通用程序。

The following is about the general process for base grouting.

在给底座灌浆之前应遵守底座的安装程序。

Please obey the installing process before grouting.

1、围绕基础栏坝，直立底座底平面（图 7）。

Enclose the base hurdle, erection the the surface for basement (see picture 7)

2、通过底座上的灌浆孔浇注浆料，直至与坝相平。在浇注浆料时，捣实浆料或抽吸浇入的

浆料，以便除去浆料中的空气泡。

Grouting the slurry material through the space of basement until it is parallel with

dam. Mind to remove the bubble in the material.

3、 为了得到整洁的完工表面，用小泥铲沿着坝的顶部拍打。

Flap the top of dam to keep the surface clean.

4、 让浆料固化。 To make slurry materials solidity.

5、 底座的残余部位充填浆料，用如前所述的方法除去空气（图 8）。

Fill the materials in the rest parts of basement, also remove the air according to the

premethod.

6、 浆料至少固化 48 小时。浆料已经硬化时应取走紧顶螺钉。

The solidity need more than 48 hours. When the materials is solid, remove the top

tight screw.

7、 拧紧地脚螺栓。 Tighten the basebolts.

对中核查 Center check

在继续工作之前使用前面叙述的标准重新核查对中。

Check the centerline again before continual work.

配管要求 Pipe Requirement

决不在泵的法兰联接处强制性地把管道拉进位置，这样做可能把危险的张力强

加到机组上，并引起泵和驱动器之间的对准误差，管道的张力对泵的运转产生

负面的影响，导致人身伤害并损坏设备。

Warning ： Do not draw the pipe on the flange of pump hard, which may add the

dangerous tension force on the Unit, and cause the errors between the pump and

driver. The bad infulances may occur on pump because the tension force so that

damage may occurred.

1、 为了减少摩擦损失，管道的行程应尽可能地短。

In order to release the friction loss of pipe, the pipe should be short.

2、 在高温下输送液体时，建议在进口和出口管线中正确地设计并安装膨胀节或膨胀接头。

这样，管道的线性膨胀不会影响泵的对中性。

When transmit the fluid under high temperature, we suggest design suitable joint

connector in the inlet and outlet pipeline. So the pipe tension will not affect the

centerline of pump.

3、 移走输送腐蚀性液体的泵机组以前，应冲洗泵的管道。

Flushing the pump pipe before removing the erosion fluid.

4、 在装配之前，仔细清洁所有的管道零件、阀和接头，以及泵的支路。

Before installing, check the pipe parts、valves and joints, and branches pipe of pump.

5、 必须单独支撑所有的管道，并与泵的法兰自然地排成直线。表 1 列出了管道法兰对中的

标准。

We must support all of the pipes and arrange the flanges in right line. Table 1 listed

the standard for pipe flange.

Table 表 1、管道法兰对中 pipe flange centerline

类型 Type 标准 Standard

轴向最小，轴向最大

Axial minium，A xial maximum

法兰密封垫的厚度

The thickness for flange sealing gasket

法兰密封垫的厚度+0.80mm

Flange sealing gasket with the thickness of +0.80mm

平行的

Parallel

法兰直径方向 2mm/m

Flange diameter direction 2mm/m

同心的

Homocentric

用于容易安装法兰螺栓

Install the flange screw

注意：泵法兰上的负荷决不应该超过 API 610 标准叙述的极限。

Note: the load on flanges must not exceed the extreme value in API610 Standard.

6、 在浆料完全硬化和基础地脚螺栓以及驱动器和泵的固定螺栓拧紧之前，不 准许把管道联

接到泵上。

Before solidity of materials and tighten screw is prepared, it is not allowed to connect the pipe to

the pump.

吸入管道 Suction pipe

仔细审阅随订购单收到的 LRB （ I ）铝工业流程泵性能曲线必需汽蚀余量

（ NPSHr ）， 要求装置汽蚀余量（ NPSHa ）必须大于（ NPSHr ）。（ 汽蚀余量和管

道的摩擦值应估算进出口管道内）。

Take care ： Check the performance to make sure the NPSHa is bigger than NPSHr.

为了泵的无故障运行，必须正确地设计和安装吸入管道。吸入管道在联接到泵上

之前应该冲洗。

For troublefree

operation of the pump, must be properly designed and installed suction piping.

The suction pipe should be coupled to the pump before washing.

1、应该避免在接近泵的进口法兰处使用弯头，弯头和泵进口之间的距离最短应为直管直径

的 2倍（最好选择直径的 5 倍）。 如若使用，弯头最好用大曲率半径。

To avoid using bent connector adjacent to the suction flange of pump, the shortest

distance between bent joint and pump inlet is 2 times larger than the pipe diameter (5

times larger is the best selection). If it is necessary to use a bent joint, the large

semidiameter should be used.

2、进口管径比泵进口直径大 1 个或 2 个规格，在进口法兰处带收缩节。吸入管道的直径不

应小于泵的进口直径。

The inlet pipe diameter should be 1 to 2 spec. larger than pump inlet, there is a pinch

joint in the suction flange. Suction pipe diameter should not less than the pump inlet

diameter.

3、如果使用异径接头，应该用偏心异径管。

If a differential joint is used, the eccentricity differential pipe also should be used.

4、不应在泵吸入側进行节流。 Do not cut fluid current at the suction end of pump.

5、同一个吸入源处有两台或两台以上泵在运行时，建议吸入管线分开。

We suggest that the pipeline should be separated if more than two pumps are working

in the same suction head.

吸上 / 倒灌的工况 Suction/Converse pour duty

1、为了在泵检查和维护时，完全关闭管线，应在离泵进口至少 2 倍管子直径的吸入管线中

安装一只隔离阀。

In order to make sure that all of the pipelines are closed when checking and

maintenance the pump, please set up a partition valve on the area of suction pipeline

to keep about 2 times distance away from the pump suction.

2、保证吸入管没有气囊。 Make sure that suction pipe do not have an air cell.

3、管道应该水平，或者吸入管线从吸入源开始逐渐向下倾斜。

The pipe should be plane, or when the pump is in suction duty, the suction pipeline

begin to incline upward from the suction head. On the contrary, the suction pipeline

will incline downward from the suction head.

4、在泵进口法兰以下，吸入管线不配置任何管线。

Below the suction flange of pump, the suction pipeline do not contain any pipeline.

5、从吸入源处管线进口的尺寸应当比泵进口大 1～2 个规格。

The size for pipeline inlet from suction head should larger than the pump inlet by 1~2

grade.

6、为了防止涡流和吸入源处夹带空气，吸入管必须有足够的淹没深度。

In order to prevent the vertex and suction head carry air secretly, the suction pipe must

has enough submerge depth.

排出管道 Discharge pipeline

为了保证泵的无故障运行，必须正确地设计和安装排出管道。排出管道在联接到

泵上之前应该冲洗。

We must design and install the discharge pipeline correctly in order to make sure the

pump running without reason. The discharge pipeline should be flushed before

connected to the pump.

1、 排出管线中应该安装隔离阀和止回阀。止回阀放在隔离阀和泵之间，这样便于检查止回

阀。灌泵、调节流量、以及泵的检查和维护时需要隔离阀。在驱动器停止运转而隔离阀打开

时，止回阀防止因泵内逆向流动而损坏泵和密封。

1、Partition valve and check valve should be put in the discharge pipeline, which is

convenient to inspect the check valve. When irrigating the pump, adjusting the

capacity, and inspecting and maintenance the pump, we need to apart the partition

valve. When the driver stop running and the partition is opened, the check valve can

prevent the damage to pump and sealing caused by converse fluid.

2、假如使用异径接头，应该放在泵和止回阀之间。

If a differential connector joint is used, the joint should be put between the pump and

the check valve.

3、假如系统中安装了收速关闭阀，为了防止泵内脉冲和水锤，应该使用缓冲设施。

If there is a speedcontrol

closed valve is installed in the system, we should use a

cushion equipment to prevent the impulse and water hammer.

旁路管道 Branch pipeline

要求延长小流量的运行时间，系 统应有旁路管线，旁 路管线从排出的管线（ 在任何阀门之前）

联接到吸入源。

We require to extend the operation time at small capacity, so there should be branch

pipelines for the system, the branch pipeline should joint the pipeline to suction head.

为了阻止旁通过多的流量，确定最小流量的节流孔尺寸并把它安装在旁路管线中。为了帮助

确定节流孔，可向节流孔板生产厂咨询。

In order to prevent passing so large capacity, please certify the minimum fluid size

and place it on the branch pipeline.

假如不可能有固定的旁路（即节流孔）， 应该考虑一只自动的回流调节阀和/或电磁阀。

If it is not possible to have a fixed bypass (i.e., the orifice), the regulating valve and / or solenoid

valve should be considered an automatic reflux

辅助管道 Auxiliary pipeline

为了机械密封冲洗、可能要求辅助管道。有关特殊的辅助管道建议，参考泵的数据表。

假如要求密封腔冷却，遵守下面列出的指导方针：

In order to cool the bearings、sealing housing、mechanical seal flushing, the auxiliary

pipeline should be used. Please refer to the pump data sheet for special pipeline.

假如要求轴承冷却和/或密封腔冷却，遵守下面列出的指导方针：

Abide by the following guides if you want to cool the bearings or mechanical seals:

1、 冷却连接机构中的冷却水管道在入口和出口处应装隔离阀。

Putting on a partition valve in suction and discharge to cool the chilled water pipe.

2、0.3～0.7m 3 /h 的流量一般满足每个零件的冷却要求。假如提供轴承和密封腔的冷却，需

要的冷却水最小流量为 0.7m 3 /h。

The capacity of 0.30.7

can satisfy every part`s cool requirement.

3. 冷却水的压力不得超过 0.5MPa。Pressure of cool water can not more than 0.5Mpa.

最后的管道检查 The final pipe inspection

管道接到泵上以后： After the pipes connected to the pump:

1、 为了保证没有束缚和所有零件是无约束的，用手转动泵轴几下。

Rotate the pump shaft for several times to make sure all of the parts are free.

2、 参照前面列出的两种对中标准，检查对中，确定没有管子张力。

Referring to the previous standard for alignment, check the centerline and make sure

there is no tension force in pipe.

启动前准备…………………………………………………………………………………23

Дата добавления: 2015-10-31