Exercise 2. Translate into Ukrainian. State the forms and functions of the infinitive.

1. Many professors can use their laptops to project slides or lecture notes. 2. Laptops can also be taken into the field to gather data. 3. Computers can be used to drive telescopes to various celestial objects. 4. It is easy to setup a laptop for a multimedia presentation of your company’s products and services. 5. There is really no need to transport the resulting product long distances to the consumer. 6. An automated factory, office, or industrial process uses machines to do the work instead of people. 7. To study this phenomenon requires much knowledge. 8. Our task is to obtain a new mixture with new properties. 9. The term automation is also used to describe nonmanufacturing systems in which automatic devices can operate independently of human control. 10. The simplification of work made it possible to design and build machines that resembled the motions of the worker. 11. The question is difficult to clarify in few words, and precise definitions are difficult to find.

Exercise 3. Transform the sentences according to the models.

Model 1: She is so busy that she cannot talk to you. – She is too busy to talk to you.

1. The problem is so difficult that it is impossible to solve it. 2. The rule was so difficult that they did not understand it. 3. This metal is so brittle that it is impossible to use it in our case. 4. This experiment is so serious that it is impossible to explain it in a few words. 5. I was so busy that I could not see anyone.

Model 2: I have no books which I can read. – I have no books to read.

1. I have an examination which I must take soon, so I can’t go to the concert with you. 2. Here are some articles which must be translated for tomorrow. 3. Here are some more facts which will prove that your theory is correct. 4. The machine which must be tested in our laboratory was constructed by our students. 5. The problem which must be solved was discussed at the meeting.

Model 3: S. Kovalevskaya was the first among women who became a professor. – S. Kovalevskaya was the first among women to become a professor.

1. The laboratory assistant is the last who leaves the laboratory. 2. He is always the first who comes to the university. 3. I am sure he will be the first who will come to the meeting. 4. A. Popov was the first man who invented the radio. 5. M.V. Lomonosov was the first who received the higher education among peasants in Russia.

Model 4: They evacuated everybody from the danger zone. They wanted to reduce the risk. – They evacuated everybody from the danger zone to reduce the risk.

1. He worked hard. He wanted not to lag behind the other students. 2. He read many articles. He wanted to make this report. 3. I get up early. I want to come to my university in time. 4. We study diligently. We want to become good specialists. 5. The lecturer demonstrated some diagrams. He wanted to explain this problem.

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