Masculinity vs. Femininity

Masculinity implies that emphasis of society is made on male values such as achievement, heroism, competitiveness, assertiveness, and material success. (Japan, Hungary and Austria). High MAS scores are found in countries where men are expected to be tough, to be the provider, to be assertive, and strong. In Low MAS the roles are simply blurred. Yousee women and men working together equally across many professions.

Femininity implies that emphasis of society is made on female values such as good relationships and quality of life. (Sweden, Denmark).

4. Uncertainty avoidance – the degree of anxiety society members feel when in uncertain or unknown situations. Cultures with high uncertainty avoidance index develop rules, laws, and safety measures(Greece, Portugal). Cultures with low uncertainty avoidance are not afraid of the unclear and the unpredictable, they just try to adapt to changes.(Denmark, Singapure)

5. Long Term orientation LTO – refers to how much society values long term traditions and values. In countries with high LTO score, delivering on social obligations and avoiding “loss of face” are considering very important. USA, GB have low LTO. This suggests that you can pretty much expect anything in this culture in terms of creative expression and novel ideas. They don’t value tradition as much as many others, and therefore likely willing to help you execute the most innovative plans as long as they get to participate fully.

16. European union and North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA )

· The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is an agreement signed by the governments of Canada, Mexico, and the United States, creating a trilateral trade bloc in North America.

· NAFTA came into effect on January 1, 1994 and superseded the Canada – United States Free Trade Agreement.

· Within 10 years of the implementation of NAFTA, all U.S.-Mexico tariffs are to be eliminated except for some U.S. agricultural exports to Mexico which will be phased out within 15 years.

· Most U.S. - Canada trade was duty free before NAFTA.

· NAFTA also seeks to eliminate non-tariff trade barriers and to protect the intellectual property right of the products.

· When viewing the combined GDP of its members, as of 2010 NAFTA is the largest trade bloc in the world.

In terms of combined GDP of its members, the trade bloc is the largest in the world as of 2010. NAFTA has two supplements: the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC) and the North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation (NAALC). The goal of NAFTA was to eliminate barriers to trade and investment among the U.S., Canada, and Mexico.

The implementation of NAFTA on January 1, 1994 brought the immediate elimination of tariffs on more than one-half of Mexico's exports to the U.S. and more than one-third of U.S. exports to Mexico. Within 10 years of the implementation of the agreement, all U.S.--Mexico tariffs would be eliminated except for some U.S. agricultural exports to Mexico that were to be phased out within 15 years. Most U.S.--Canada trade was already duty free. NAFTA also seeks to eliminate non-tariff trade barriers and to protect the intellectual property right of the products.

The agreement opened the door for open trade, ending tariffs on various goods and services, and implementing equality between Canada, America, and Mexico. NAFTA has allowed agricultural goods such as eggs, corn, and meats to be tariff-free. This allowed corporations to trade freely and import and export various goods on a North American scale.

Дата добавления: 2015-08-27