Lexical stylistic devices

Lexical SDs

include: <metaphor>, <personification>; <metonymy>, <synecdoche>; <cluster SDs>; play on words, <irony>, <epithet>, <hyperbole>, <understatement>, <oxymoron>

See: <set expressions>, <cluster SDs>, <tropes>, <syntactical SDs>, <lexico-syntactical SDs>, <stylistic device>

Transference

перенос

act of name-exchange, of substitution of the existing names approved by long usage and fixed in dictionaries by new, occasional, individual ones, prompted by the speaker’s subjective original view and evaluation of things, for the name of one object is transferred onto another, proceeding from their similarity (of shape, colour, function, etc.), or closeness (of material existence, cause/effect, instrument/result, part/whole, etc.) (V.A.K.)

See: <metaphor>, <metonymy>

Metaphor

метафора

<transference> of names based on the associated likeness between two objects, on the similarity of one feature common to two different entities, on possessing one common characteristic, on linguistic semantic nearness, on a common component in their semantic structures.

e.g. ”pancake” for the “sun” (round, hot, yellow)

e.g. ”silver dust” and “sequins” for “stars”

The expressiveness is promoted by the implicit simultaneous presence of images of both objects – the one which is actually named and the one which supplies its own “legal” name, while each one enters a phrase in the complexity of its other characteristics.

The wider is the gap between the associated objects the more striking and unexpected – the more expressive – is the metaphor.

e.g. His voice was a dagger of corroded brass. (S. Lewis)

e.g. They walked alone, two continents of experience and feeling, unable to communicate. (W.S.Gilbert)

Source: <V.A.K.>

••

a) the power of realising two <lexical meaning>s simultaneously

b) a <SD> when two different phenomena (things, events, ideas, actions) are simultaneously brought to mind by the imposition of some or all of the inherent properties of one object on the other which by nature is deprived of these properties

Source: <I.R.G.>

••

скрытое сравнение, основанное на ассоциации по сходству, осуществляемое путём применения названия одного предмета к другому и выявляющее таким образом какую-нибудь важную черту второго (I.V.A.)

e.g. … beams that streamed through the open window.

e.g. floods of tears; a storm of indignation; the apple of the eye, a leg of the table.

See: <personification>, <simile>, <lexical SDs>

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14