Expressive means

EMs

выразительные средства

are those phonetic, morphological, word-building, lexical, phraseological and syntactical forms which exist in language-as-a-system for the purpose of logical and/or emotional intensification of the utterance (I.R.G.:27)

See: <alliteration>; use of diminutive suffixes, use of words with <emotional meaning>, <special colloquial words>, <barbarisms>, <archaisms>, acronyms, idioms etc.

See: <stylistic device>, <phono-graphical level>; <Stylistics>

Stylistic device

SD

стилистический приём

is a conscious and intentional intensification of some typical structural and/or semantic property of a language unit (neutral or expressive) promoted to a generalised status and thus becoming a generative model (I.R.G.:29) – намеренное и сознательное усиление какой-либо типической структурной и/или семантической черты языковой единицы (нейтральной или экспрессивной), достигшее обобщения и типизации и ставшее таким образом порождающей моделью. (перевод <I.V.A.>)

Types: <lexical SDs>, <cluster SDs>, <syntactical SDs>; <lexico-syntactical SDs>

See: <expressive means>, <convergence>, <foregrounding>, <autology>

Practical stylistics

практическая стилистика

the stylistics, proceeding form the norms of language usage at a given period and teaching these norms to language speakers, especially the ones, dealing with the language professionally (editors, publishers, writers, journalists, teachers, etc.). (V.A.K.:10)

See: <functional stylistics>, <Stylistics>,

Stylistic norm

стилистическая норма

the invariant of the phonemic, morphological. lexical and syntactical patterns circulating in language-in-action at a given period of time (I.R.G.)

See: <individual style>, <Stylistics>

Individual style

1) a unique combination of language units, <expressive means> and <stylistic device>s peculiar to a given writer, which makes that writer’s works or even utterances easily recognisable (I.R.G.:17);

2) deals with problems, concerning the choice of the most appropriate language means and their organisation into a message, from the viewpoint of the addresser (V.A.K.:10);

See: <stylistic norm>, <Stylistics>

Sign

a material, sensuously perceived object (phenomenon, action) appearing in the process of cognition and communication in the capacity of a representative (substitute) of another object (or objects) and used for receiving, storing, recasting and transforming information about this object (Резников:1965) (I.R.G.:61)

See: <word>, <lexical SDs>, <Stylistics>

Word

- a unit of language functioning within the sentence or within a part of it which by its sound or graphical form expresses a concrete or abstract notion or a grammatical notion through one of its <meaning>s and which is capable of enriching its semantic structure by acquiring new meanings and losing old ones;

- possesses an enormous potentiality for generating new meanings;

Source: <I.R.G.>:62,66

••

a speech unit used for the purposes of human communication, materially representing a group of sounds, possessing a meaning, susceptible to grammatical employment and characterised by formal and semantic unity (Antrushina:10)

See: <sign>, <lexical SDs>, <Stylistics>

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14