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| Подлежащее + сказуемое в действительном +инфинитив или страдательном залоге |
1. 100 elements are supposed to exist on the earth.
Полагают, что 100 элементов существует на Земле.
2. Electronic equipment is known to be in great demand.
Известно, что электронное оборудование пользуется большим спросом.
3. The development of project appears to be improving.
Оказывается, что разработка этого проекта улучшается.
Сказуемое субъективного оборота может быть выражено глаголами:
а) в страдательном залоге:
| This value | is said | известно, что… |
| is supposed | предполагают… | |
| is expected | ожидают… | |
| is assumed | допускают… | |
| is reported | сообщают… | |
| is considered | считают… | |
| is proved | доказано… | |
| is found | найдено… |
b) в действительном залоге:
| This value | seems | по-видимому… |
| happens | оказывается… | |
| appears | по-видимому.. | |
| proves | безусловно.. | |
| is sure | непременно… | |
| is certain | вероятно… | |
| is likely | вероятно… | |
| is unlikely | маловероятно |
Упражнения
I. Определите субъектный инфинитивный оборот, в сдедующих предложениях и переведите их на русский язык.
I
1. Light proves to travel in straight lines. 2. Light in tensity happens to be measurable. This property seems to refer to a restricted number of materials. 4. The property appears to have been mentioned frequently in the past. 5. They are likely to be familiar with this phenomenon. 6. This phenomenon does not appear to have been studied. 7. This reaction was not expected to start at lower temperatures.
II
1. Electronics equipment have been proved to save millions of man machine hours. 2. Electronics devices are known to control the stream of electrons. 3. Experiments with special constructions of semiconductor diodes are reported to have been carried out. 4.This equipment has been proved to do jobs better and more economically than other devices. 5.Vacuum tubes are considered to be indispensable in industrial control. 6. The word magnet comes from the name of the province of Magnesia in Asia, where the mineral seems to have been discovered.
II. Переведите предложения на русский язык с инфинитивом в различных функциях.
I
1. We use a thermometer to measure temperature. 2. The only way of getting knowledge is to learn. 3. To study geometry means to train logical thinking. 4. We want this method to be applied at their plant. 5. This method is reported to have been applied at their plant. 6. Lasers are known to have found an application in the printing industry. 7. This type of engine is said to have some advantages. 8. Science is known to have become the main source of the world’s progress. 9. Plastics are material to be widely used in industry. 10.The problem was to make a new plan.
II
1. He is known to have been working on this problem for many years. 2. The law to determine the ratio of stress to strain for elastic bodies is called Hooke’s law. 3. The energy to be produced by our atomic power stations will be millions kilowatts. 4. The problem to be discussed is connected with the laws of thermodynamics. 5. Cosmic rays have been found to belong to two energy groups, one much more penetrating than the other. 6. The fundamental functions of vacuum tubes are likely to be the cause of their numerous applications. 7. The future is expected to bring a great many uses for semiconductors. 8. The heat to melt the metal cannot be supplied instantaneously by the flame. 9. It is necessary for the two metals to have the same structure.
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