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Exercise 1. Substitute in place of the words underlined an idiomatic expression.
1. A group of 75 parents formed for this particular purpose is leading the protest to demand the resignation of the head teacher.
2. The police are watching carefully the activities of those men.
3. But now Jo-Ann was a bitter enemy who could be relied on to speak badly of her at every opportunity.
4. She gave me every detail of her car crash.
5. His company is getting ready for major new investment in the Far East.
6. Anyone wanting to enter the computer business faces tough competition.
7. This new model is the latest, most advanced stage of computer technology.
8. Our boss is a cowardly person. He always seems to give in at the first sign of a strike.
9. I was facing the classic situation in which it was difficult to decide which one of the two things was the cause of the other. Each time I failed to get a job I lost confidence, and that made me even more likely to fail next time.
10. She was used to making all the important decisions and having the most power, to being in charge.
11. After playing together for 20 years the band have finally decided to stop it.
12. She suspected that she’d be left to take the blame for her boss’s mistakes.
13. Once you start making concessions to individual members of staff, you really cause a lot of trouble for yourself.
14. Maybe I should follow Robert’s example and start coming in at ten every morning.
15. It’s awful having to work with a boss who’s paying very close attention to what you do the whole time.
16. It seems that young people are finally considering the message that it’s not cool to smoke.
17. The last time we played squash he defeated me.
18. The most recent member of the England team is good at many different things.
19. She earned a lot of money very easily on the house so she can’t be short of money.
20. You had better start working hard, you should have finished this job hours ago.
Exercise 2. Translate into English using idioms instead of the phrases underlined.
1. Он пытался запретить мне участвовать в этом проекте, пользуясь своимположением.
2. Директор не доволен вашей работой. Если вы не возьметесь за дело, вам придется уйти.
3. Компания стала прибыльной снова, так как каждый неукоснительно выполняет свои обязанности.
4. Концерн прилагает все усилия, чтобы привлечь иностранные инвестиции.
5. Благодаря комплектующим фирмы Phillips, южно-корейская компания Samsung оказалась на шаг впереди остальных.
6. К сожалению, наше предприятие в числе неудачников среди предприятий малого бизнеса.
7. Все работают не щадя сил, чтобы представить отчет об исследованиях в срок.
8. Правительство не поддержало их предложения. Более того, оппозиция, критикующая их аргументы, разбила их окончательно.
9. Будучи разносторонним специалистом, он легко смог найти работу на фирме, имеющей прочное финансовое положение.
10. Польские производители жалюзи жалуются, что их конкуренты незаслуженно дискредитируют их продукцию.
11. Короче говоря, деятельность фирмы обещает стать значительным источником поступлений в государственный бюджет.
12. Никакая творческая работа невозможна, если начальник стоит над душой, вмешиваясь практически во все.
13. Менеджер по персоналу не только нанимает сотрудников, но и несет ответственность, если кто-либо из персонала допускает грубую ошибку.
14. Как человек трусливый, он не принимал самостоятельно ни одного важного решения.
15. Он нарисовал подробную картину компьютеризации повседневной жизни в Финляндии.
UNIT 4
Exercise 1. Match the following idioms with their corresponding definitions.
1. (to be) on the make H a) to have an unexpected and negative result
2. to backfire A b) a thing that earns a lot of money
3. a golden handshake L c) to do one’s full share of work
4. money-spinner B d) ahead of others
5. ahead of the pack D e) to stop being lazy and start making an effort
6. to pull out all the stops G f) to try to improve oneself by working harder, make a great effort
7. pull the plug J g) to use all one’s resources/influence to achieve one’s
aim, spare no effort
8. to pull rank K h) concerned with making a profit, gaining sth
9. to pull one’s weight C i) to get advantage(over) smb by trick; deceive
10. to pull one’s socks up F j) to damage someone’s success, reputation, career;to discontinue suddenly
11. to pull a fast one I k) to use one’s superior position to gain an advantage over them
12. to pull one’s finger out E l) a gift given to sb on his retirement or honorable
dismissal from office, a job.
Exercise 2. Study the following examples to try and understand the underlined idioms in context. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. His plan backfired on him, and he lost all his money.
2. He received a golden handshake for forty years’ faithful service to his company.
3. The films have been fantastic money-spinners.
4. If you want to succeed in this business you need to always stay ahead of the pack.
5. George needs a large amount of money as soon as possible and he’s pulling out all thestops to get it.
6. He’s a Member of Parliament and he often pulls rank to get what he wants.
7. Isn’t it about time that you pulled your finger out?
8. The higher you climb up the ladder of success, the more rivals you have who are likely to pull the plug on you.
9. No doubt someone had pulled a fast one on her over a procedural matter.
10. You’ll have to pull your socks up and practice more if you intend to enter for the piano competition.
11. We’ll never get the work finished if Ron doesn’t pull his weight.
12. George never does anything without a view to making money. He’s continually on the make.
Exercise 3. Substitute for the underlined phrase an idiom from exercise 1 with the same meaning.
1. When my assistant became obstinate I had to use the advantage of my position on him and insist that he obey.(to pull the rank)
2. My assistant hasn’t been doing her full share of work recently. (polling her weight)
3. The President’s tactics could have unexpected and negative results.(back fired)
4. Mrs Burton got early retirement and a large sum of money when the company was restructured.
5. I wouldn’t trust him – he’s always concerned with making a profit.
6. This hotel is a real thing that brings a large amount of money in the summer month.(money-spinner)
7. At this stage in the campaign, the Democratic candidate is more successful than other people who are trying to achieve the same.
8. New Zealand police vowed (заявить) yesterday to use all their resources to find the killer.
9. He needs to make a great effort if he is to make a success of his career.
10. I wouldn’t trust him at all. He’s the sort who will always try to deceive if he thinks he can get away with it.(to pull the fast one)
11. He’s got till the end of the month to get his research project written up and typed, so he’d better stop behaving in a lazy way.
12. The government discontinued suddenly the project when it became too expensive.
Exercise 4. Complete the sentences with the correct idioms.
1. Your work isn’t really up to standard. Either you …….. or you’ll be asked to leave.
2. The airline …….. to get him there in time.
3. The factory is making too much of a loss to continue. I guess we are going to have to ……. on it.(to pull the plug)
4. I paid him for six bottles of champagne, but he …….. on me and gave me six bottles of cheap wine.(the fast one)
5. She was boss of forty or more people but, to her credit-делает ей честь, she never once ……..pulls rack.
6. The rest of the team complained that Sarah wasn’t ……..It’s time she began working as hard as other people in the team.
7. I didn’t trust Richard an inch. He’s definitely someone who is on the ……..What interests him is money.
8. The Labour Party has been well ……. In the latest poll. It is in the successful position.
9. The manager’s strategic mistake …….. on him immediately. He lost not only the company but his reputation too.
10. As a reward for long service and good work he has been given a …….. which he put aside for a rainy day.(a golden handshake)
11. Her new book is a real ……... It earns a lot of money.(money-speaner)
12. I’m looking for a much better performance from you. …….. before it is too late.
H/W Exercise 5. Translate the following sentences into English using idioms instead of the phrases underlined.
1. Роберт не популярен в отделе. Его коллеги считают, что он один из тех, кто стремится к наживе. Robert is not popular in the department. His colleagues think that he is one from them who are always on the make.
2. У него не было проблем с подчиненными. Все они были молоды, энергичны и каждый добросовестно выполнял свою долю работы. He didn’t have a problem with the subordinates. All of them were attaboys, energetic, and every pulled their weight scrupulously.
3. Ему пришлось приложить все усилия, чтобы открыть в центре Нью-Йорка ресторан. He had to pull his socks up to open the restaurant in the center of New-York.
4. Используя свое положение, он запретил своим подчиненным общаться с сотрудниками конкурирующей фирмы. Pulling the rank, the forbid his subordinate to communicate with co-workers from competitive firm.
5. Если вы, наконец, не возьметесь за дело, вы будете уволены. If you finally don’t pull your finger out you will be fired.
6. Не сумев убедить управляющего предоставить ему кредит, он добился своегообманом. Having assured manager to give him a credit he pulled out all the stops.
7. Его план обернулся против него самого. His plan has backfired.
8. Тебе придется приложить больше стараний, если ты хочешь победить своих соперников.He will have to pull your stock up if you want to win you competitors.
9. В 50-е годы западногерманская фирма ” Фольксваген ” оказалась впереди других на американском рынке. In fiftieth West-German firm “Volkswagen” became ahead of the pack on the American market.
10. Автомобиль Форда оказался доступным широким слоям населения, а следовательно, очень прибыльным делом. Ford car became accessible to the wide strata of population consequently became a money-spinner.
11. Государство несет большие убытки. Это, несомненно, отрицательно скажется на нашем бизнесе. State has a great losses. It will surely pull the plug on our business.
12. При уходе на пенсию руководство компании подарило мистеру Брауну кругленькую сумму за долгий добросовестный труд. Retiring the government of the company presented Mr. brown a golden handshake for a long, honorable work.
UNIT 5
Exercise 1. Match the following idioms with their corresponding definitions.
1. to put aside for a rainy day a) to achieve sth through one’s own effort
2. a glass ceiling b) to criticize someone severely pointing out the weak
points
3. to sweeten the deal c) to save for later use
4. to pull the wool d) to move to another place
over someone’s eyes
5. to haggle about / over e) to attack less strongly than one is able to
6. to pull up with a start f) to find a way out
7. to pull a rabbit out of the hat g) to tear one’s hair; to be in a towering rage
8. to pull one’s hair out h) to get fright;to be frightened;to give a start
9. to pull up stakes i) to trick someone or hide the facts from him
10. to pull oneself up by j) to discuss prices and terms and try to reduce them;
one’s own bootstraps to negotiate the price
11. to pull punches k) to increase benefit to the other side in a business
transaction
12. to pull it to pieces l) sum of money saved for future use
13. a nice little nest-egg m) invisible barrier to career, esp. for women
Exercise 2. Study the following examples to try and understand the underlined idioms in context. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. In 1987, Labour’s program was pulled to pieces by Nigel Lawson.
2. I really admire Robert. He started out really poor but as able to pull himself up by hisbootstraps and become one of the richest people in America.
3. He pulled up stakes in Florida and moved to California. A very brave move at the age of 55.
4. He said my novel showed promise. He liked the style and the story-line, and he wasn’t pulling his punches just to be kind.
5. It looks like we’re in big trouble on this one unless we can find a way to pull a rabbit out of the hat.
6. She stamped and raged and pulled her hair out, and swore she’d never been so insulted.
7. I was really concentrating hard in the empty office. The sudden sound of the telephone ringing made me pull up with a start.
8. You have managed to pull the wool over many people’s eyes, but it won’t work with me. I know you too well.
9. Ella showed her the best places to go for a good buy, and taught her how to haggle with used furniture dealers over the price.
10. She had been careful to sweeten the deal with a rather generous cash payment.
11. In her current role she broke through the glass ceiling as the first woman to reach senior management level in the company.
12. The older you get, the more you begin to think about putting money aside for a rainy day.
13. They have a little nest-egg tucked away somewhere for a rainy day.
Exercise 3. Substitute for the underlined phrase an idiom from exercise 1 with the same meaning.
1. I’ll put the rest of the money in the bank for later use.
2. The problem for women in broadcasting is the invisible barrier. Women rise but not to the top.
3. We won’t be awarded the contract if we don’t increase benefit to the other side.
4. He negotiated the price of the horse.
5. Don’t let insurance companies trickyou - ask for a list of all the hidden charges.
6. The sound of his voice gave me a start.
7. This whole thing is so frustrating. Dealing with this leaves me frequently wanting to tearmy hair.
8. He’s one of those players who, just when you think the game is over, can find a way out.
9. I’m not going to express my bad opinion more gently than is deserved. The situation here is catastrophically bad and it looks like it is going to get even worse.
10. He left the place in Indiana and moved, permanently.
11. My father improved his situation by his own efforts without any help from other people to become one of the richest men in the country.
12. It’s discouraging because every time I show him a bit of work I’ve done he criticizes it very severely.
Exercise 4. Complete the sentences with the correct idioms.
1. It’s not custom to …….. the price in British and American shop.
2. I’m afraid you can’t …….. of the Tax Inspector. They have ways of finding out.
3. The poor woman was …….. by all her neighbours opinion – nothing escaped criticism.
4. Unable to borrow capital to repair and modernize its plant, the company was forced to ……...
5. It’s interesting to note that ” The Fight Against Slavery ”, which BBC 2 is waging, has been accused of ……...
6. They are now seeing their daughters hitting the …….. and they are horrified at the effects.
7. Kalon Group has …….. its takeover offer for Manders.
8. They recovered only three-quarters of what that had lent after …….. for month.
9. You can count on him. Whenever we are in hot water he always finds a way ……...
10. The manager wanted to …….. when he learned that his business had gone to the dogs.
11. After his daughter and wife had been killed in a car accident, Mr Blair …….. and moved to Australia.
12. He could trick all of us. But he couldn’t …….. the judge’s ……...
Exercise 5. Translate the following sentences into English using idioms instead of the phrases underlined.
1. Я потратил месяц, чтобы подготовить доклад, а руководитель раскритиковал его за 10 минут.
2. Он показался мне непорядочным человеком с самого начала. До сих пор не понимаю, как я позволил ему ввести меня в заблуждение.
3. Дела в Нью-Йорке шли на столько плохо, что мистер Джоунс все бросил и переехал во Флориду.
4. Невидимый барьер все еще стоит на пути женщин к руководящим постам.
5. Дисней был человек не богатый, но ценой собственных усилий он стал одним из самых богатых и уважаемых людей в стране.
6. Узнав о том, что сделка, от которой он отказался, оказалась крайне выгодной, мистер Браун готов был рвать на себе волосы.
7. Когда ситуация казалась безнадежной, мистер Браун вступал в переговоры и совершал чудо, приводя нужный аргумент в нужный момент.
8. Поторговавшись с владельцем, Ричард купил дом значительно дешевле стартовой цены.
9. ” Подмазав ”, он смог получить миллионный контракт на постройку торгового центра.
10. Выиграв крупную сумму денег, он решил отложить ее на черный день.
11. Никто серьезно не воспринимает его замечания. Всем известно, что он критикует для проформы.
12. Я думал о предстоящем интервью. Неожиданный стук в дверь заставил менявздрогнуть.
UNIT 6
Exercise 1. Match the following idioms with their corresponding definitions.
| 1. to embark on sth | a) to recover well; to rise again. |
| 2. on merits | b) to make investments in several areas so as to be protected against loss in one of them |
| 3. to bail out (v) bailout (n) | c) to stay informed of events, changes, plans, etc. |
| 4. in a month of Sundays | d) to make sb take decision |
| 5. in dribs and drabs | e) in small numbers; not all at once |
| 6. to keep sb abreast of sth | f) to be very familiar with the subject |
| 7. to pin sb down | g) just in time; at the last possible moment |
| 8. to hedge one’s bets | h) never; for a long time |
| 9. to break the news | i) to help a person or company out of difficulties by providing money; rescue of a failing company by giving money |
| 10. at the eleventh hour | j) to tell someone news which will affect him personally in a good or bad way |
| 11. to have sth at one’s finger tips | k) by/for qualities (good or bad), not by one’s own opinion |
| 12. to bounce back | l) to start sth new |
Exercise 2. Study the following examples to try and understand the underlined idioms in context. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. Whatever made John embark on such a hair-brained scheme? He’ll be ruined!
2. I judge goods, like people, on their merits and not by their expensive packaging.
3. I had a letter this morning telling me I’ve failed my exam. That’s bad enough, but I don’t know how I’ll break the news to Dad.
4. Bessie was to live in a state of financial chaos, requiring constantly to be bailedout by family and friends.
5. We were in dispair of finding an accompanist to replace Jack Stevens who had fallen ill; but at the eleventh hour, just as we were thinking of cancelling the performance, we remembered Alice Lyall.
6. I have never seen anyone use a computer as efficiently as Marion. She’s certainly got it at her fingertips.
7. At three o’clock people started arriving at dribs and drabs, and by four o’clock the exhibition was crowded.
8. Have you tried pinning him down on the question of local taxation?
9. He continued to keep abreast of modern technology.
10. Diversification? You could call it industry’s way of hedging its bets.
11. Car sales bounced back after a poor July.
12. I have not seen her in a month of Sundays.
Exercise 3. Substitute for the underlined phrase an idiom from exercise 1.
1. In Vienna Freud started his education.
2. “Oh yes”, he said, “some publishers don’t buy songs for their qualities nowadays.”
3. David rang up from New Zealand to tell the news that they are having a baby.
4. His teeth were in a dreadful state, but it is wonderful what, even at the last possible moment, modern dentistry can do.
5. Jerry won’t be made to take the decision. He only states very rough figures.
6. Is the opera company’s first duty to make available the acknowledged operatic masterpieces or should it concentrate on informing the public of current developments.
7. The parent company helped out its subsidiary by providing money after it suffered severe losses last year.
8. Such a display has never been seen.
9. You had better ask David – he’s got a complete and ready knowledge of the whole subject.
10. We could only afford to pay the builder in small amounts.
11. I decided to protect myself by buying shares in several different companies.
12. In the City share prices rose again this morning.
Exercise 4. Complete the sentences with the correct idioms.
1. The hostages have been released in ……………..
2. He has had no end of bad luck, but he just seems to ……………every time.
3. Negotiators reached agreement ………….., just in time to avoid a strike.
4. The railways are about to …………… a major programme of modernization.
5. We must judge each plan on ……………..
6. You’d better …………… to her gently that her daughter has left home.
7. The government can’t expect the taxpayer to ………… this company ……….. indefinitely.
8. I had the information …………….. and hadn’t used it.
9. It was a couple of months before I got any clients and then they came in …………….
10. If you ………….. people ……………., they will tell you some puzzling things about stress.
11. Read the papers if you want to …………… the times.
12. Naomi hasn’t been to church …………… It’s high time she went there.
Exercise 5. Translate the following sentences into English using idioms instead of the phrases underlined.
1. Они обсуждают то, как оказать финансовую помощь компании, которая понесла многомиллионные убытки.
2. Наша проблема, в двух словах, состоит в том, что наши автомобили плохо продаются в Европе.
3. Правительство решило начат ь осуществлять гигантский план перевооружения.
4. Его деловые качества были оценены по достоинству и компания наделила его исключительными полномочиями.
5. У нас не было выбора, кроме как осторожно сообщить ему тяжелую весть.
6. Казалось, удалось договориться с посредником, но в последний момент выявились незначительные погрешности в документах.
7. Говорят, город, в котором я родился, изменился до неузнаваемости. Я не был в нем вечность.
8. Это исключительно быстро развивающийся рынок и Майкл знает его как свои пять пальцев.
9. Россия будет выплачивать долг Парижскому клубу по частям, небольшимисуммами, согласно договоренности.
10. Он из тех, кого трудно заставить раскрыть свои намерения.
11. Тот, кто хочет не отставать от жизни, пользуется программой “Money”, являющейся базой домашнего планирования.
12. По прогнозам специалистов, упавший спрос на финансовых директоров в ближайшее время снова возрастет.
UNIT 7
Exercise 1. Match the following idioms with their corresponding definitions.
| 1. clean bill of health | a) to keep out of debt/difficulty |
| 2. dead cat bounce | b) extremely busy; overwhelmed with work |
| 3. up to one’s eyes (ears) in work | c) an upward, but possibly misleading, movement in share prices after a significant fall |
| 4. to back out | d) to charge such a high price for goods and services that no one wants to buy them |
| 5. to backdate | e) to withdraw from an agreement/contract, etc. |
| 6. to have one’s back against the wall | f) to make effective from an earlier date |
| 7. to price oneself out of the market | g) to watch carefully |
| 8. to break the back of | h) to be in a difficult situation |
| 9. all in | i) an amount/bill/invoice that hasn’t been paid |
| 10. an outstanding amount | j) a report stating that a person or an organisation is in a good condition |
| 11. to keep one’s eyes skinned/peeled | k) everything included in the price |
| 12. to keep one’s head above the water | l) to finish the most difficult part of a job |
Exercise 2. Study the following examples to try and understand the underlined idioms in context. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. The auditors gave the company a clean bill of health.
2. There is still an amount outstanding on your account.
3. An all-in two-week holiday costs around £ 2880 per person.
4. Keep your eyes skinned for any movement in the house opposite. The police think it’s terrorist cell and they want our help.
5. “Why don’t you come with me?” – “I can’t. I’m up to my ears in reports.”
6. They backed out of the deal at the last moment.
7. It’s a very big garden to plan, but we hope to break the back of the work before the cold weather starts.
8. Steve’s got his back to the wall with everyone against him. He’ll fight in any way he can to save his good name.
9. The loan agreement was backdated to April.
10. Analysts in the City noted a slight recovery in share prices today, but some referred to it as a dead cat bounce.
11. At £ 250,000 for a season, he really is pricing himself out of the market.
12. If we can manage to keep our heads above water in the first year, the boutique should start to make a profit in the second.
Exercise 3. Substitute for the underlined phrase an idiom from exercise 1.
1. The patient quickly recovered and was given a report stating that he was in a good condition.
2. Watch carefully, Lil, and tell me if you see a blink of sun on those hills ahead.
3. He was desperate. He was deep in debt.
4. Now that the contract is signed, it’s too late to withdraw from it.
5. She made the invoice effective from November for tax purposes.
6. There is still a debt you owe me. When are you going to pay it off.
7. I sold the car, together with the radio and some spare parts, for £ 2.000 with everything included.
8. If we start early, we can finish the main part of the journey before it gets hot.
9. With the continuing fall in demand, the steel producers are really in a position of great difficulty.
10. If you ask that much people will be unwilling to pay.
11. We avoid getting into the difficulties, but our cash flow position is not too good.
12. The stockmarket index began to recover after a fall of 80%, but specialists consider it a misleading upward movement.
Exercise 4. Complete the sentences with the correct idioms.
1. It seems a least that we have …………. of inflation. We have very, very low inflation rates.
2. The school was given a ………….. by the inspector. Everybody knows now it is in the satisfactory condition.
3. His …………… invoice proves the fact that his business isn’t improving.
4. At £ 50.000 for a season, he really is …………. himself …………...
5. I’m managing to ……………, though I’m not earning much.
6. The pay increase agreed in June will be ………….. to January.
7. Their threat to hire replacement workers has the union with its …………….
8. Making a programme costs 10 million pounds ……………: staff, rent, lightning.
9. The thieves …………… for the police. They were very careful.
10. The new government is …………… changing all the laws made by its predecessors.
11. I hope I can depend on you not to ……………. at the last moment.
12. The share prices seem to head upwards, but analysts at the Stock Exchange say it’s just ………………..
Exercise 5. Translate the following sentences into English using idioms instead of the phrases underlined.
1. Президенту было выдано заключение об удовлетворительном состоянии здоровья и пригодности к государственной службе врачами Парижа.
2. На вашем счете все еще числится неоплаченная сумма.
3. Теперь, когда контракт подписан, отступать слишком поздно.
4. В настоящее время, по крайней мере, нам удалось одолеть инфляцию в нашей стране.
5. Экономисты предсказывают рост производства. Однако, другие считают, что это ложная, обманчивая тенденция.
6. Увеличение жалованья членам парламента было проведено задним числом.
7. Профсоюз рабочих оказался припертым к стенке, когда руководство пригласило рабочих со стороны.
8. Товары оценили так высоко, что их никто не покупает.
9. Приложив все усилия компании удалось обеспечить безубыточность производства.
10. Следите за Ричардом. Кажется, он пытается переманить нашего финансового директора.
11. Стив купил дом с мебелью, гаражом и теннисным кортом, заплатив $ 100.000 за все.
12. Из-за оживления фондового рынка у финансовых директоров работы по горло.
UNIT 8
Exercise 1. Match the following idioms with their corresponding definitions.
| 1. to test the water | a) to work hard |
| 2. to put one’s shoulder to the wheel | b) to try out an idea/strategy before adopting it |
| 3. to bring home the bacon | c) very little difference between the alternative; both parties are equally to blame |
| 4. six of one and half a dosen of the other | d) to achieve the desired result |
| 5. at sixes and sevens | e) to put forward the best idea |
| 6. to start a business from cold | f) in a state of confusion, muddle, disorder. |
| 7. to give/get the green light | g) to begin a new business with no pervious turnover to base it on |
| 8. to play one’s trump card | h) organized suddenly by workers without the main union office knowing about it |
| 9. slippery customer | i) to give/get permission to go ahead/to act |
| 10. to shrug sth off | j) a very extensive reorganization |
| 11. wildcat strike | k) to treat a problem as if it’s not a problem at all |
| 12. shake-out | l) someone who is unlikely to keep a promise |
Exercise 2. Study the following examples to try and understand the underlined idioms
in context. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. Hong Kong’s manufacturing industry did not start from cold in the post-war period.
2. We moved into the house last week, but I’m afraid everything is still at sixes and sevens.
3. As far as qualifications and references are concerned it’s a case of six of one and half a dosen of the other. I wish we had jobs for both of them.
4. Charles writes books that never seem to get published. It’s Elizabeth who brings home the bacon with the agency she runs.
5. You’ll never make a success of things if you don’t put your shoulder to the wheel.
6. You should be cautions when getting involved and test the water before committing yourself.
7. The budget has been approved, so we’ve got the green light to order the new scientific equipment for the department.
8. Employees staged a series of wildcat strikes over pay.
9. The party needs a shake-out, if it is to be the driving force of the new politics.
10. He has a way of shrugging criticism off as if it is somehow beneath his notice.
11. He is a slippery customer and should be carefully watched.
12. “Oh, it doesn’t matter if you don’t want to go to the dance,” he said, and played his trump card.
“There’ll be lots of other pretty girls there.”
Exercise 3. Substitute for the underlined phrase an idiom from exercise 1.
1. I’ve tried both routes and it’s very little difference between them.
2. Building a home with no capital is not easy thing to do.
3. A 24-hour unauthorized strike was called by workers.
4. This should be the year of a big reorganization in Italian banking.
5. He treated his suggestions that he was trailing in the leadership race as unimportant.
6. Then the defence put forward the most effective argument and called a surprise witness who had seen the prisoner somewhere else at the time of the robbery.
7. Don’t lend any money to that shifty customer.
8. We are ready to rebuild our house; we’re just waiting for the permission from the Council.
9. I mentioned my idea to a couple of friends as a way of discovering what they think about it and they were very enthusiastic about it.
10. If everyone works hard and makes an effort, the job will be finished in no time.
11. Racegoers crowded the stand to see him win the race.
12. I’m confused about what to do.
Exercise 4. Complete the sentences with the correct idioms.
1. If Jo’s going to be at home looking after the kids, someone needs ……………...
2. Perhaps you should go to a couple of meetings …………….. before you decide whether to join the club.
3. Your room is all at ……………...
4. Spencer started his company …………….. He didn’t have any turnover to base it on.
5. Harriet is always accusing Donald of starting arguments, but if you ask me, its ………...
6. You can’t expect to pass the exam without doing any work. It’s time you ……………., before it’s too late.
7. They have just been given …………….. to build two new supermarkets in the region.
8. You should be mad to go into business with him. He’s a ……………., like an eel.
9. Anthea was about to ……………. her ……………… - none of the money could be released without her signature.
10. Frustration, anger and desperation were common to most of the workers and led to a ……………….
11. A ………………. was made in the company, which resulted in a large number of people losing their jobs.
12. This is a serious problem and it can’t be ……………. as if it didn’t exist.
Exercise 5. Translate the following sentences into English using idioms instead of the phrases underlined.
1. Прежде чем подписать контракт на строительство этого канала, необходимо получить одобрение двух правительств.
2. С приходом нового руководителя в нашей компании началась серьезная реорганизация.
3. Компания планирует избавиться от непроизводительных звеньев.
4. Несанкционированная забастовка рабочих была вызвана неспособностью руководства организовать четкую работу предприятия и своевременную выплату зарплаты.
5. Так как мистер Хантер без работы, его жена зарабатывает на жизнь семье.
6. Нам сделали заманчивое предложение, но мы решили сначала прозондировать почву, прежде чем соглашаться.
7. Мы недавно закончили ремонт и все еще вверх дном.
8. Я ездил двумя маршрутами. Получается одно и то же по времени.
9. Я бы не доверял этому клиенту. По моему, он жуликоватый тип.
10. Когда дело казалось проигранным, защита пустила в ход последнее средство, вызвав свидетеля о котором никто не подозревал.
11. Волт Дисней начал строить свою империю фактически на голом месте.
Нам никогда не добиться успеха, если вы не возьметесь за дело
UNIT 9.
Exercise 1. Match the following idioms with their corresponding definitions.
| 1. to be new to the game | a) to risk sth |
| 2. when push comes to shove | b) to force sb to stop doing business |
| 3. to sweeten the deal | c) the greatest impact or result for one’s money |
| 4. to have got a lot on one’s plate | d) to reduce the number of customers |
| 5. the most bang for the buck | e) someone expected to bring new ideas, innovations |
| 6. new blood | f) when the pressure is on, when a final decision must be made, perhaps in a hostile environment |
| 7. to put [company] out of business | g) to increase benefit to the other side in a business transaction |
| 8. to shed customers | h) to lack experience in an activity, job or situation |
| 9. to put sth on the line | i) a total freedom of action; money provided without restrictions. It is used in the expression “to hand someone a blank check”. |
| 10. a blank check | j) to have a lot of work, responsibility, problems to deal with or attend to |
| 11. to low-ball (v) low-ball (adj) | k) a decision that is so obvious it requires no thinking |
| 12. a no-brainer (n+adj) | l) to reduce (a bid) and offer a small amount of money (verb); a very low estimate or bid (adj) |
Exercise 2. Study the following examples to try and understand the underlined idioms in context. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. I don’t want to trouble Mike at the moment. I know he’s got enough on his plate with the exhibition he’s organising.
2. It was agreed that, since Bernard was new to the game, we would not play poker for money that night.
3. Lacking building materials the construction firm is planning to shed 700 customers.
4. I’ll give you a blank cheque to buy this list of books.
5. Two years ago I put my reputation on the line for him – and this is how he repays me.
6. If a major manufacturer is in serious difficulties, the suppliers and conractors dependent on him may be put out of business.
7. We were able to get a big bang for our buck when we advertised on the Internet.
8. She had been careful to sweeten the deal with a rather generous cash payment.
9. If push comes to shove, if you should lose your case in the court, what will you do?
10. This company has been run in the same way for over twenty years. What it needs is some new blood.
11. If you’re serious about working with us again, you had better not offer any more of those low-ball prices.
12. Companies use a number of no-brainer employment practices that contribute to the bottom line. Hiring good employees who can go to work right away, having several people interview a job candidate and ensuring that the community sees your company as a good employer, all added value.
Exercise 3. Substitute for the underlined phrase an idiom from exercise 1.
1. If all you want is death-benefit cover, this type of insurance policy will give more value for your money.
2. He wouldn’t risk his career to help a friend.
3. Another Spaniard, Emilio Sanchez, forced Mr. Hunter to stop his business.
4. To get these franchises we had to increase benefit for the companies that had them.
5. When a final decision is made and the pressure is on, you will be on your own.
6. It’s time we injected someone with new ideas into this organization.
7. I had never interviewed anyone on television before. I lacked experience in the activity and needed all the advice I could get.
8. We are not giving the redevelopment project money without restrictions. The organizers will be working within a strictly limited budget.
9. The factory is planning to get rid of about a quarter of its workforce.
10. Simon can’t take on any more work. He’s got a lot of problems to deal with as it is.
11. Decisions that require no thinking but benefit the bottom line included terminating poor performers, paying top performers significantly better and promoting flexible work arrangements.
12. To compete profitability in the new low-fare environment, the major airlines know they must continue to slash costs, introduce bare-bones products and use fare sales that reduce prices on the market.
Exercise 4. Complete the sentences with the correct idioms.
1. I don’t want to burden my daughter with my problems; she got ……………… with her husband in prison.
2. What we need in this company is ………………… to improve it by thinking of new ideas.
3. Don’t forget that she’s ……………… and will take a while to complete the task.
4. He has, in a sense, been given a ……………… to negotiate the new South Africa.
5. It’s more economical to downsize the company and therefore to ………………. We won’t be able to further serve so many of them.
6. If we want to be awarded the contract, we’ll have ………………….
7. Look, if ……………… we’ll just have to sell the car. That’s the only way out if this situation becomes too bad.
8. I think it’s very important for those governments to do whatever they can to get a bigger ……………….
9. You can’t ……………… so much money on ………………. It’s very dangerous. You may lose everything.
10. Thousands of firms will be ……………… within the first twenty-four months if the oil price increases send Europe into deep recession.
11. The corporation always …………… my prices. I always lose money when I work with them because they put the price so low I can’t make anything.
12. Evidence has surfaced that ……………… employment practices have been far more successful than innovative ones. On the contrary, new management approach has turned managers into coaches and mentors and doesn’t have much impact on the company’s market value.
Exercise 5. Translate the following sentences into English using idioms instead of the phrases underlined.
1. Мы не намерены давать фирмам с сомнительной репутацией право действовать по своему усмотрению.
2. Основатель Диснейленда рискнул заложить даже собственную страховку, чтобы выручить деньги на устройство своей знаменитой империи.
3. Многие мелкие фирмы, не выдержавшие жестокой конкуренции и высоких налогов, были вытеснены из рынка и прекратили свое существование.
4. Чтобы предложение выглядело более привлекательным, финансовому директору был обещан комфортабельный автомобиль в дополнение к другим привилегиям.
5. Не имея опыта работы в торговых компаниях, мистер Коллинз попросил дать ему время, чтобы ознакомиться с условиями страхования груза.
6. События на рынке развиваются так, что мы были не в состоянии удовлетворять растущий спрос на наши товары и нам придется отказать некоторым клиентам.
7. Я не могу просить его сделать это. У него и так дел по горло.
8. Компания считает, что ей нужен новый инициативный человек на должность финансового директора, при котором дебет снова будет сходиться с кредитом.
9. В критический момент неожиданно выяснилось, что господин Бонд совершенно некредитоспособен.
10. Инвестирование предприятий на рынках 15 стран Восточной Европы позволило им получить самую большую экономическую прибыль.
11. Если вы будете и дальше занижать цены на наши компьютеры, нам придется предложить сотрудничество другой фирме.
12. Простые, незадачливые принципы отбора и приема на работу, которым следует наш менеджер по персоналу, всегда гарантируют успех.
UNIT 10
Exercise 1. Match the following idioms with their corresponding definitions.
| 1. to know one’s onions/stuff | a) get control of a problem;to learn how to handle the situation |
| 2. to do one’s bit | b) to join in with what others are doing because it seems profitable or likely to bring person or financial again |
| 3. to have (got) sth on the go [informal] | c) examination without warning; a random test |
| 4. to make amends (to someone for something) | d) to pass responsibility to someone else |
| 5. to pass the buck | e) to criticise someone strongly; tell sb what you think of him |
| 6. to come to terms with someone/sth | f) to take one’s share of responsibility, costs |
| 7. to come/get to grips with sth | g) to be busy with sth; to have sth planned |
| 8. to climb/jump/get on the bandwagon [informal] | h) to compensate for damage, injury, etc. |
| 9. crash course | i) to reverse the situation so that one’s rival/opponent loses |
| 10. a spot check | j) to come to an understanding or agreement with sb; to learn to accept a situation that cannot be changed and adapt to it. |
| 11. to turn the tables on someone | k) intensive course involving great effort to reach the desired result. |
| 12.to tell someone where to get off | l) someone who knows one’s subject very well, with experience |
Exercise 2. Study the following examples to try and understand the underlined idioms in context. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. When it comes to car repairs, David certainly knows his onions.
2. If we all do our bit, we’ll soon have the place cleaned up again.
3. “Gina is giving a talk on Greece for the local Archaeology Society next week.” “I’m not surprised. She always has something on the go. ”
4. The youth was obviously sorry that he had stolen the money and was willing to make amends.
5. Don’t try to pass the buck Simon. It was your decision and yours alone, so now it’s your responsibility.
6. The next time she comes in here poking her nose into my personal affairs, I shall tell her where to get off!
7. Roger once refused to help Mike financially, so when the tables were turned after Roger lost all his money, Mike didn’t help him.
8. If you follow the green signs at Heathrow Airport, you won’t have any trouble going through customs. They only do an occasional spot check.
9. The University offers a crash course in Russian – from beginners’ to Entrance Examination level in one year.
10. You can see that the future lies in high-tech. It’s time to climb on the bandwagon with the competitors, before it’s too late.
11. It’s time Alan got to grips with reality.
12. It took Penny a long time to come to terms with the fact that her former fiance left her and married her sister.
Exercise 3. Substitute for the underlined phrase an idiom from exercise 1.
1. After years of resentment following the unfair provisions of their father’s will, Andrew has finally come to agreement with his brother.
2. Parliament will be summoned at the earliest possible moment so that an intense programme of financial recovery can be undertaken.
3. The income tax officials often do an examination without warning on taxpayers to make sure they are giving accurate information.
4. That car salesman certainly knew a lot about cars, didn’t he?
5. Marcie always tries to take her share of work.
6. She is busy producing two films, but still finds time to spend every weekend with her family.
7. I am sorry I forgot about your birthday. How can I compensate for it?
8. Parents often try to pass responsibility to teachers when children misbehave in school.
9. She wanted to borrow money again so I angrily refused to give it to her.
10. She changed the situation so that he now has an advantage over her rival with allegations of corruption.
11. In recent months many conservative politicians have joined in with the anti-immigrants.
12. Come on, get control of your emotions, we have got an important meeting in five minutes.
Exercise 4. Complete the sentences with the correct idioms.
1. Bus companies are just ……………. by saying their drivers are responsible for delays.
2. She had …………… with the fact that her husband would always be crippled.
3. The government’s first task is …………… with the economy.
4. In a deal signed just three months ago, Microsoft, the world’s most successful software company, ……………. Microsoft’s latest operating system will run on Alpha. The Digital – Microsoft deal means one of America’s most profitable companies is hedging its bets.
5. Before starting to work for this company I did a 15-week …………… in typing.
6. The police didn’t search everyone for drugs; they just made …………….
7. She played badly in the first set, but then she ……………… on her opponent and won the match.
8. The company agreed to keep up high levels of output in order to ……………… for supplies lost.
9. I’ve been …………… all week. I’ve been busy with my report.
10. I thought I ought to ……………. I wasn’t much use for anything, but they were glad to have anyone then.
11. The first prerequisite at all levels were commands who ……………… and were determined in spite of all difficulties to get their own way.
12. After he had been fined five thousand pounds and given a severe reprimand his boss told him where …………….
Exercise 5. Translate the following sentences into English using idioms instead of the phrases underlined.
1. Так как он знал свою работу назубок, к нему часто обращались за советом.
2. Она никогда не сидит без дела.
3. Каждый старался внести свою лепту, чтобы помочь людям, попавшим в беду.
4. Пройдя двухмесячный интенсивный курс обучения английскому языку он смог общаться с иностранными партнерами без переводчика.
5. Когда лейбористы победили на выборах в парламент, мистер Хантер немедленно примазался к ним.
6. Получив неограниченные полномочия от правления, Майкл решительно взялся за реорганизацию компании.
7. Чтобы получить кредит, нам пришлось пойти на все условия банка.
8. Понимая, что она была не права, незаслуженно обидев своих коллег, миссис Браун всячески пыталась загладить свою вину перед ними.
9. Он пользовался успехом у подчиненных так как никогда не сваливал ответственность за случившееся на других.
10. Его грубое обращение с коллегами нетерпимо. Надо поставить его на место.
11. Частые неожиданные проверки мешали нормальной работе предприятия.
12. Будучи директором предприятия, он всегда унижал своего заместителя. Теперь, став директором, его заместитель решил отплатить ему той же монетой.
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