Already /yet

PRESENT PERFECT

Present result of the past

1. I have given your report to the MD.

2. I’ vebought a car. Would you like to come and have a look at it?

3. A parcel for you has arrived in reception. Shall I send it up to you?

4. I have spoken to the MD about your proposals, and he wants to discuss them.

5. There’s an article in the paper about BMW. ~ Yes, I know. I’ veread it.

6. Yes, the report is ready. I have left it on my desk.

The periods of time haven’t finished yet. (Stative verbs)

1. I have known Mr Christiansen since 1998.

2. Dyson has had a factory in Malaysia since 2002.

3. Austria, Finland and Sweden have been members of the European Union since 1995.

4. I’ vebeen here since last week.

5. I’ vehad the same company car for two years.

6. I have known Mia since we were at INSEAD together.

7. How long have you been with Microsoft?

8. We have had an office in Adelaide for several years.

9. She has had an account with HSBC bank since 1998.

10. CPT has been in financial difficulties for several months.

11. How long has the office been vacant?

12. How long have you been in charge of the Finance Department? ~ I have been in charge of it for six months.

13. How long have you had a website for investors? ~ We have had a website for investors for three months.

14. How long has the property been on the market? ~ It has been on the market for six months.

15. How long have you had an office in Spain? ~ We have had an office there since 2000.

16. How long has Jason been in the States? ~ He has been there since the 18^th.

Clauses of time

1. I need some time to think about this proposal. I’ll let you know when I have made up my mind.

2. I have loved John since I have known him.

Changes

1. The new supermarket is attracting a lot of new customers. The new managers have refurbished the building completely and they have put in a new delicatessen section. They have improved their range of fresh foods and have added a cafeteria.

2. The office isn’t the same as it was when you were here. It has been changed into a big open plan area. Everyone has lost their own space, and it feels very strange.

3. The company has spent a great deal on new technology. It has spent millions on a new network linking the HQ with all the other outlets in this country and abroad.

4. The company has grown rapidly and now has over 1.5 million customers.

Completed actions over a period of time. (Calculations)

1. We have opened six branches since July.

2. I think she must be out. I have rung her three times but there’s no reply.

3. Property prices have risen by 8% since the beginning of the year.

4. I must get a new alarm clock. I have been late three times this week.

5. Our new website is getting a lot of hits. We have had over half a million hits.

6. The clothing company fizz.com is cutting its workforce dramatically. So far this year it has made 2,000 people redundant.

Finished and unfinished periods of time

Today, this morning, this month, this year, so far, to date, over the last few weeks, up to now, recently, etc.

1. This month we have received a lot of complaints about late deliveries.

2. Have you seen John this morning?

3. This hasbeen an excellent year so far, and we’ve reached most of our sales targets.

4. The CD was released two weeks ago and so far it has taken $1.5m.

Ever

1. Have you ever worked abroad?

2. Have you ever been to one of these conferences?

3. Have you ever been to Japan before?

4. Have you ever organized a conference like this?

5. Have you ever worked for a Japanese company?

6. Have you ever eaten sushi?

7. Have you ever learnt a foreign language?

8. Have you ever tried Chilean wine?

9. Have you ever been to Hong Kong? Yes, I have. I worked there when I was with Coopers and Lybrand.

10. Have you ever been to Kyoto? ~ Yes, I have. I went there last year.

11. Have you ever been to Europe? ~ Yes, I have. We had a skiing holiday in the Alps last year.

12. Have you ever been to one of Karl Mason’s seminars? ~ Yes, I have. I went to one a couple of months ago.

13. Have you ever visited the Frankfurt office? ~ No, I have never visited Germany, but I have been to France.

14. Have you ever asked yourself what you are working for?

Never

1. I have never been to South America.

2. I don’t like taking unnecessary risks with money, so I have never invested in a stock market.

3. I have never been to Peru, but I would like to go there for a holiday one day.

4. What are Nigel Seymour’s books on management like? ~ I don’t know. I have never read any.

5. I can definitely recommend Hewlett Packard printers. I’ve had one for years, and it has never gone wrong.

6. Their record of industrial relations is excellent. They have never had a strike.

7. I have never given a presentation to so many people.

8. We have exchanged emails, but we have never met.

Already /yet

1. They are getting on well with the new building. They have already modernized the warehouse, but they haven’t decorated the reception area yet.

2. She has already shown me the figures.

3. Have you talked to Peter yet?

4. I haven’t talked to him yet.

5. I’m afraid I haven’t written that report yet. I’ll do it tomorrow.

6. Don’t worry about the order form. I have already dealt with it.

Just

1. I’m sorry, Mrs Smith is not here at the moment. He has gone to a meeting in London.

2. I’m afraid Ms Japtha isn’t here. She has just left.

3. Indira’s definitely here today. I’ve just spoken to her on the phone.

4. He isn’t coming in to work today. He has just phoned to say he is ill.

5. Why don’t we have lunch in that new restaurant that has just opened.

6. No, I won’t have a coffee, thank you. I’ve just had one.

Дата добавления: 2015-10-29