Герундий может употребляться после следующих глаголов c предлогом

to agree on/to – соглашаться с

to complain of – жаловаться на

to consist in - заключаться в

to count on/upon -рассчитывать на

to depend on – зависеть от

to feel like – хотеть, собираться

to hear of - слышать о

to insist on - настаивать на

to keep from – удерживать(ся) от

to look forward to - предвкушать

to look like – выглядеть как

to object to – возражать против

to persist in – упорно продолжать…

to result in - иметь результатом

to speak of – говорить о

to succeed in - удаваться

to suspect of - подозревать в

to thank for – благодарить за

to think of - думать о, и т.д.

to be afraid (of) - бояться чего-л.

to be ashamed (of) -стыдиться чего-л.

to be engaged in – быть занятым чем-л.

to be fond of - любить что-л.

to be good at – быть способным к

to be interested in - интересоваться

to be pleased (at) – быть довольным

to be proud (of) - гордиться чем-л.

to be sorry (for) - сожалеть

to be surprised (at) - удивляться чему-л.

to be tired of – уставать от чего-л.

to be used to - привыкать к, и др.

We finished dressing.

Мы закончили одеваться.

I don’t mind doing it for you.

Я не возражаю сделать это для тебя.

Stop laughing. Перестань смеяться.

Задания

1. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на герундий:

1.Этот фильм стоит посмотреть.

2. Сцена требует ремонта.

3. Директор одобрил его участие в концерте.

4. Ему нравится чтение пьес Шекспира.

5.После окончания школы он поступил в институт.

6. Не могли ли бы вы дать книгу, когда закончите читать.

7.Она упустила возможность участия в съемках этого фильма.

Раскройте скобки, употребляя герундий в активной или пассивной форме.

1. Why do you avoid (to speak) to me? 2. She tried to avoid (to speak) to. 3. The doctor insisted on (to send) the sick man to hospital. 4. The child insisted on (to send) home at once. 5. Do you mind;him (to examine) by a heart specialist? 6. He showed • no sign of (to recognize) me. 7. She showed no sign of (to surprise). 8. He had a strange habit of (to interfere) in other people's business. 9. I was angry at (to interrupt) every other moment. 10. He was always ready for (to help) people. 11. He was very glad of (to help) in his difficulty. 12. On (to allow) to leave the room the children immediately ran out into the yard and began (to play). 13. In (to make) this experiment they came across some very interesting phenomena. 14. The results of the experiment must be checked and re-checked before (to publish). 15. David was tired of (to scold) all the time. 16. The watch requires (to repair).1 17. The problem is not worth (to discuss).118. Jane Eyre remembered (to lock) up in the red room for (to contradict) Mrs. Reed.

3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму герундия.

1. Excuse me for (to break) your beautiful vase. 2. You never mentioned (to be) to Greece. 3. She was proud of (to award) the cup of a champion. 4. I don't remember ever (to meet) your sister. 5. I don't remember (to ask) this question by anybody. 6. The cat was punished for (to break) the cup. 7. The cat was afraid of (to punish) and hid itself under the sofa. 8. The machine needs (to clean).1 9. I am quite serious in (to say) that I don't want to go abroad. 10. He seemed sorry for (to be) inattentive to his child. 11. She confessed to (to forget) to send the letter. 12. The old man could not stand (to tell) what he should do. 13. Going to the party was no use: he had no talent for (to dance).

4. The Bronze Horseman is worth (to see).15. After thoroughly (to examine) the student, the professor gave him a satisfactory mark. 16. After thoroughly (to examine) by the examination commission, the student was given a satisfactory mark. 17. She accused him of (to steal) her purse. 18. She reproached me for (not to write) to her.

19. This job is not worth (to take).1 20. After (to look) through and (to mark) the students' papers, the teacher handed them back. 21. After (to look) through and (to mark), the papers were handed back to the students. 22. These clothes want (to wash)1. 23. David was very glad of (to find) his aunt.

Choose the correct answer

1. Sheila is very upset. She isn’t used..... being treated like that.

on

to

in

2. Your reproach is not fair. I am surprised..... your having said this.

of

on

at

3. I am sorry..... having broken my promise.

for

of

about

4. I enjoy making practical jokes about people, but I hate..... fun of.

being made

to make

making

5. I prefer..... jeans in winter and light shorts in summer.

wearing

to wear

wear

6. I don’t approve of your behavior. You’d better stop..... with everybody.

to quarrel

quarreling

quarrel

7. We can’t help..... knowledgeable and industrious people.

to admire

admiring

being admired

8. George has a Newfoundland dog, Strickland by name, and he is responsible..... it twice a day.

for walking

walk

to walk

9. Bob found himself in an awkward situation..... coming to see his friend too early.

without

for

through

10. Much depends..... your making a decision at the right time.

on

at

about

11. My big grey cat Fluffy is good..... mice.

to catch

at catching

catch

12. I am sorry I have forgotten..... you my textbook. Can I have it back?

lending

lend

to lend

13. I don’t have your book. I remember..... it back to you.

to be given

to give

giving

14. Peter, did you remember..... the door? You are so absent-minded.

to lock

locking

lock

15. Agatha, would you mind..... this letter on your way home?

to mail

mailing

being mailed

Признаки отличия причастия настоящего времени от герундия

Герундий Причастие

1. Перед герундием может 1. Причастие входит в состав группы

стоять предлог, существительное Continuous

в притяжательном падеже,

притяжательное местоимение. They are coming

On coming

John’s coming It is being done

Their coming

2.Если герундий выполняет функцию 2. В функции обстоятельства

употребляется без предлога.

обстоятельства, перед ним стоит

предлог. Переводится существительным Переводится деепричастием.

с предлогом или деепричастием.

Eat something before starting. Standing at his side I saw everything

On learning the news we left.

3.Перед названием предмета герундий 3.Обычно является определением,

обычно указывает на назначение отвечает на вопрос какой.

этого предмета, отвечая на вопрос Переводится причастием или

для чего. Переводится словосочетанием. прилагательным.

A dancing lesson- урок танцев a dancing child- танцующий ребенок

A sleeping bag- спальный мешок a sleeping girl- спящая птица

Задания.

1. Расположите предложения по порядку:

-- причастие

-- герундий

1. After shooting, we returned Moscow.

2. The actor performing the leading part is very young.

3. You should think before speaking.

4. Going home from the theatre, they were discussing the play they had seen.

5. Seeing this dancer, I recollected perfectly having met him many years ago.

6. She was fond of listening to folk music.

7. Would you mind my going to the concert?

8. Now she is playing the piano.

9. They missed the opportunity of taking part in the concert.

10. He continues acting at the theatre.

2 Расположите по порядку:

a) предложения, в которых ing форма является причастием;

b) предложения, в которых ing форма является герундием.

c) предложения, в которых ing форма является отглагольным существительным.

1. You should think before speaking. 2. After finding the new word in the dictionary, I wrote it down and went on reading. 3. He spent much time on the copying of his literature lectures. 4. What do you mean by saying that? 5. The students found the reading of English newspapers rather difficult at first. 6. Instead of going home after school, the girls went for a walk. 7. Chalk is used for writing on the blackboard. 8. We sat by the river-side listening to the running of the water. 9. The cleaning of the room was done by the girls. 10. Working in the garden is very good for the health of people. 11. Going home from the theatre, they were discussing the play they had seen.

УСЛОВНЫЕ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ

Условные предложения могут быть следующими:

1. Предложения реального условия.

2. Предложения нереального условия. Употребление глагольных форм в этих предложениях зависит от степени реальности и времени действия, выраженного глаголом.

Придаточные предложения реального условия и времени, действие которых отнесено к будущему

В придаточных предложениях условия и времени с союзами

if (если),

when (когда),

after (после),

before (перед тем, как),

as soon as (как только),

unless (если не),

until (до тех пор, пока не),

будущее время заменяется формой настоящего вре­мени, но на русский язык переводится будущим, на­пример:

If you help mе (придаточное предл. условия), I shall do this work on time (главное предл.). — Если ты помо­жешь мне, я сделаю эту работу вовремя.

As soon as I am free, I'll come to you. — Как только я освобожусь, я приду к тебе.

We shall not begin until you come. — Мы не начнем, пока ты не придешь.

Предложения нереального условия

(Сослагательное наклонение)

Сослагательное наклонение выражает возможность, нереальность, предположительность действия.

а) действие относится к настоящему или будущему:

If I knew his address I would write to him.

Если бы я знал его адрес (сейчас), я написал бы ему (сейчас или в ближайшем будущем).

If the weather were fine he would go to the country.

Если бы погода (сейчас) была хорошей, он бы по­ехал за город.

Глагол в придаточном предложении – в форме Past Simple, в главном – в форме Future in the Past.

б) действие относится к прошлому:

If the weather had been fine yesterday he would have gone to the country.

Если бы погода была вчера хорошей, он бы поехал за город.

В случае если действие, описываемое сослагательным наклонением, относится к прошедшему времени, в главном предложении используется форма будущего совершенного с точки зрения прошедшего Future Perfect-in-the Past, а в придаточном – прошедшее совершенное Past Perfect.

If I had known his address I would have written to him.

Если бы я знал его адрес (в прошлом), я написал бы ему (в прошлом же).

Сослагательное наклонение после глагола wish

Для выражения сожаления, относящегося к будущему, употребляются сочетания с глаголом could; для выражения пожелания на будущее, а также жалобы, просьбы или раздражения, употребляется would.

I wish I lived not far from here. (Настоящее время)

I wish I could live not far from here. (Будущее время)

Жаль, что я не живу поблизости.

I wish I had lived not far from here. (Прошедшее время)

I wish I would live not far from here. (Будущее время)

Жаль, что я не жил поблизости.

Примеры:

I wish it were not so cold. Мне бы хотелось, чтобы не было так холодно.

I wish I knew their address. Мне бы хотелось знать их адрес.

I wish I had made decision yesterday. Жаль, что я не принял решение вчера.

I wish you could send the answer as soon as possible. Мне бы хотелось, чтобы вы послали ответ как можно скорее.

We wish you would accept our offer. Нам бы хоте­лось, чтобы вы приняли наше предложение.

Переведите на русский язык следующие пред­ложения.

1. If I came later I would be late for the lesson. 2. If he had known the time-table he wouldn't have missed the train. 3. It would be better if you learned to drive a car. 4. I wish I had known this before. 5. I would have sent a letter to you if I had known your address. 6. If I had met you yesterday I would have told you about it. 7. If I were in your place I wouldn't buy the tickets beforehand. 8. If I had known that you needed help I would have helped you. 9. We wish you would visit us on Saturday.

Переведите на русский язык.

1. I wish the customers were not late as usual.

2. I wish the letter hadn't been so long.

3. I wish you wouldn't be slow.

4. I wish I could go to my work by car.

5. I wish it would stop raining.

Раскройте скобки.

1. He (go) out when the weather (get) warmer. 2. I (wait) for you until you (come) back from school. 3. I'm afraid the train (start) before we (come) to the station. 4. We (go) to the country tomorrow if the weather (to be) fine. 5. We (not pass) the examination next year if we not (work) much harder. 6. If you (not drive) more carefully you (have) an accident. 7. You (be) late if you (not take) a taxi. 8. I (finish) reading this book before I (go) to bed. 9. You must (send) us a telegram as soon as you (arrive). 10. We (have) a picnic tomorrow if it (be) a fine day. 11. We (go) out when it (stop) raining. 12. We (not to have) dinner until you (come). 13. I'm sure they (write) to us when they (know) our new address.

1. My husband would have been mad at me if I..... his tools in their proper place.

wouldn’t have put

hadn’t put

didn’t put

2. If she..... not so absent-minded, she wouldn’t have made this silly mistake.

were

had been

would be

3. I’d rather you..... me with washing up. There are a lot of dirty dishes in the sink.

help

helped

should have

4. The fire alarm sounded and it was ordered that everybody..... the building as soon as possible.

would leave

should leave

could leave

5. It might have been somebody he knew and wasn’t afraid of, otherwise he..... unawares, would he?

wouldn’t have been caught

wouldn’t be caught

shouldn’t have been caught

6. He looked at his watch and decided that it was time..... another phone call.

he made

he make

he would make

7. If he..... rich, he would buy a new car and would ask Kathy to go out with him.

were

had been

is

8. Now, children. It is high time you......

were washed and dressed

would be washed and dressed

were have been washed and dressed

9. I look ridiculous in this attire; I wish I..... this pantsuit.

didn’t buy

hadn’t bought

wouldn’t have bought

10. Police officer Toby Stuart wished he..... enough information about Mandy’s past.

had

had had

would have

11. It is important that he..... the entire truth however unpleasant it might be.

should know

would know

knew

12. The situation seems totally out of control. I wish there..... a way out!

had been

be

were

13. Why aren’t you listening to me? If only you..... how important it is!

realized

had realized

would have realized

14. Look at your face and hands. If only your mother..... you now!

would see

could see

could have seen

15. We have been walking for two hours. I am so tired. If only we..... a taxi!

had found

should find

could find

Таблица неправильных глаголов

Infinitive	Past Tense	Past Participle	Значение
abide	abode, adided	abode, adided	оставаться верным
arise	arose	arisen	возникать
awake	awoke	awaked, awoke	будить, просыпаться
backbite	backbit	backbit, backbitten	клеветать
backslide	backslid	backslid, backslidden	отказываться от прежних убеждений
be	was, were	been	быть
bear	bore	borne, born	носить, выдерживать
beat	beat	beaten	бить
become	became	become	становиться
befall	befell	befallen	случаться, приключаться
beget	begot	begotten	порождать
begin	began	begun	начинать(ся)
behold	beheld	beheld	смотреть, созерцать; видеть
bend	bent	bent, bended	гнуть(ся), сгибать(ся)
bereave	bereaved, bereft	bereaved, bereft	лишать, отнимать
beseech	besought	besought	просить, умолять
beset	beset	beset	окружать, осаждать; украшать
bespeak	bespoke	bespoken, bespoke	оговаривать
bestride	bestrode	bestridden, bestrid, bestrode	садиться/сидеть верхом; стоять расставив ноги
bet	bet, betted	bet, betted	держать пари
betake	betook	betaken	прибегать к чему-л.
bethink	bethought	bethought	вспомнить; задумать
bid	bade, bid	bidden, bid	предлагать цену
bide	bode, bided	bided	выжидать
bind	bound	bound	связывать
bite	bit	bitten, bit	кусать
bleed	bled	bled	истекать кровью
blend	blended, blent	blended, blent	смешивать(ся)
bless	blessed, blest	blessed, blest	благословлять
blow	blew	blown	дуть
break	broke	broken	ломать(ся)
breed	bred	bred	воспитывать, выводить
bring	brought	brought	приносить
broadcast	broadcast	broadcast	передавать по радио
browbeat	browbeat	browbeatten	запугивать, застращать
build	built	built	строить
burn	burnt, burned	burnt, burned	гореть, жечь
burst	burst	burst	разрываться
buy	bought	bought	покупать
cast	cast	cast	бросать, кидать
catch	caught	caught	ловить, схватывать
chide	chid, chidded	chidden, chid	бранить, ворчать
choose	chose	chosen	выбирать
cleave	clove, cleft	cloven, cleft	раскалывать(ся)
cling	clung	clung	прилипать, цепляться
clothe	clothed, clad	clothed, clad	одевать; облекать
come	came	come	приходить
cost	cost	cost	стоить
creep	crept	crept	ползать
crow	crowed, crew	crowed	кричать ку-ка-ре-ку
cut	cut	cut	резать
dare	dared, durst	dared	сметь
deal	dealt	dealt	иметь дело
dig	dug	dug	копать
dive	dived (US – dove)	dived	нырять
do	did	done	делать
draw	drew	drawn	тащить; рисовать
dream	dreamed, dreamt	dreamed, dreamt	видеть сны; мечтать
drink	drank	drunk	пить
drive	drove	driven	вести, гнать
dwell	dwelt	dwelt	обитать
eat	ate	eaten	есть, кушать
fall	fell	fallen	падать
feed	fed	fed	кормить(ся)
feel	felt	felt	чувствовать
fight	fought	fought	бороться, сражаться
find	found	found	находить
flee	fled	fled	бегать, спасаться бегством
fling	flung	flung	кидать, бросать
fly	flew	flown	летать
forbear	forbore	forborne	воздерживаться
forbid	forbade, forbad	forbidden	запрещать
forecast	forecast, forecasted	forecast, forecasted	предсказывать
forego	forewent	foregone	предшествовать
foreknow	foreknew	foreknown	знать наперед
foresee	foresaw	foreseen	предвидеть
foretell	foretold	foretold	предсказывать
forget	forgot	forgotten	забывать
forgive	forgave	forgiven	прощать
forsake	forsook	forsaken	оставлять, покидать
forswear	forswore	forsworn	отрекаться
freeze	froze	frozen	замерзать, замораживать
gainsay	gainsaid	gainsaid	противоречить, отрицать
get	got	got (US – gotten)	получать; становиться
gild	gilded, gilt	gilded	золотить
gird	girded, girt	girded, girt	насмехаться
give	gave	given	давать
go	went	gone	идти, ехать
grave	graved	graven, graved	высекать, вырезывать
grind	ground	ground	точить, молоть
grow	grew	grown	расти, выращивать
hamstring	hamstringed, hamstrung	hamstringed, hamstrung	подрезать крылья; резко ослаблять; калечить
hang	hung, hanged	hung, hanged	висеть, вешать
have	had	had	иметь
hear	heard	heard	слышать
heave	heaved, hove	heaved, hove	поднимать, перемещать
hew	hewed	hewed, hewn	рубить, разрубать
hide	hid	hidden, hid	прятать
hit	hit	hit	ударять, поражать
hold	held	held	держать
hurt	hurt	hurt	повредить, ушибить
inlay	inlaid	inlaid	вкладывать, вставлять
keep	kept	kept	держать, хранить
kneel	knelt	knelt	преклонить колени
knit	knitted, knit	knitted, knit	вязать
know	knew	known	знать
lade	laded	laden	грузить, нагружать
lay	laid	laid	класть
lead	led	led	вести
lean	leant, leaned	leant, leaned	прислоняться
leap	leapt, leaped	leapt, leaped	прыгать
learn	learnt, learned	learnt, learned	учиться
leave	left	left	оставлять, покидать, уезжать
lend	lent	lent	давать взаймы, одалживать
let	let	let	позволить; отдавать внаем
lie	lay	lain	лежать
light	lighted, lit	lighted, lit	зажигать, освещать
lose	lost	lost	терять
make	made	made	делать; заставлять
mean	meant	meant	значить, подразумевать
meet	met	met	встречать
melt	melted	melted, molten	таять, плавить
miscast	miscast	miscast	неправильно распределять роли
misdeal	misdealt	misdealt	поступать неправильно
misgive	misgave	misgiven	внушать недоверие
mislay	mislaid	mislaid	положить не на место
mislead	misled	misled	вводить в заблуждение
misspell	misspelt	misspelt	делать орфографические ошибки
misspend	misspent	misspent	неразумно, зря тратить
mistake	mistook	mistaken	ошибаться
misunderstand	misunderstood	misunderstood	неправильно понять
mow	mowed	mown (US – mowed)	косить
outbid	outbade, outbid	outbidden, outbid	превзойти, перещеголять
outdo	outdid	outdone	превзойти; преодолеть; обогнать
outgo	outwent	outgone	превосходить, опережать
outgrow	outgrew	outgrown	перерастать
outride	outrode	outridden	перегнать, опередить
outrun	outran	outrun	перегнать; убежать от кого-либо
outshine	outshone	outshone	затмить
outspread	outspread	outspread	распространять(ся)
outwear	outwore	outworn	изнашивать, истощать (терпение)
overbear	overbore	overborne	пересиливать; превозмогать
overcast	overcast	overcast	покрывать(ся); затемнять
overcome	overcame	overcome	побороть, превозмочь
overdo	overdid	overdone	переусердствовать; переутомиться
overdraw	overdrew	overdrawn	превысить кредит
overeat	overate	overeaten	переедать
overfeed	overfed	overfed	перекармливать
overgrow	overgrew	overgrown	перерастать
overhang	overhung	overhung	нависать; свешиваться
overhear	overheard	overheard	подслушивать
overlay	overlaid	overlaid	перекрывать
overleap	overleapt, overleaped	overleapt, overleaped	перепрыгивать; перескакивать; пропускать
overlie	overlay	overlain	лежать на/над чем-либо
override	overrode	overridden	переехать, задавить
overrun	overran	overrun	наводнять
oversee	oversaw	oversee	надзирать; наблюдать
overset	overset	overset	нарушать порядок
overshoot	overshot	overshot	промахнуться
oversleep	overslept	overslept	проспать, заспаться
overspread	overspread	overspread	покрывать; простирать
overtake	overtook	overtake	догнать, наверстать
overthrow	overthrew	overthrown	опрокидывать; свергать
overwork	overworked	overworked, overwrought	слишком много работать, переутомлять(ся)
partake	partook	partaken	принимать участие
pay	paid	paid	платить
prove	proved	proved, proven	доказать; оказаться
put	put	put	класть
quit	quitted, quit	quitted, quit	покидать; бросать
read	read	read	читать
rebind	rebound	rebound	снова переплетать
rebuild	rebuilt	rebuilt	отстроить заново, восстановить
recast	recast	recast	придавать новую форму чему-либо
relay	relaid	relaid	сменять; ретранслировать
rend	rent	rent	отрывать, отдирать; рвать
repay	repaid	repaid	отдавать долг; возвращать
reset	reset	reset	вновь устанавливать
retell	retold	retold	пересказывать
rid	ridden, rid	rid, ridden	освобождать, избавлять
ride	rode	ridden	ездить верхом
ring	rang, rung	rung	звонить, звенеть
rise	rose	risen	подниматься
rive	rived	riven, rived	раскалывать(ся)
run	ran	run	бежать
saw	sawed	sawn, sawed	пилить
say	said	said	говорить, сказать
see	saw	seen	видеть
seek	sought	sought	искать
sell	sold	sold	продавать
send	sent	sent	посылать, отправить
set	set	set	помещать, заходить (о солнце)
sew	sewed	sewn, sewed	шить
shake	shook	shaken	трясти
shave	shaved	shaved, shaven	брить(ся)
shear	sheared	shorn, sheared	стричь (овец)
shed	shed	shed	проливать (слезы, кровь)
shine	shone	shone	сиять, блестеть
shoe	shod	shod	обувать, подвязывать
shoot	shot	shot	стрелять
show	showed	shown, showed	показывать
shred	shredded, shred	shredded, shred	кромсать; резать
shrink	shrank, shrunk	shrunk, shrunken	сокращаться, сморщиваться
shrive	shrove, shrived	shriven, shrived	исповедовать
shut	shut	shut	закрывать
sing	sang	sung	петь
sink	sank	sunk, sunken	погружаться, тонуть
sit	sat	sat	сидеть
slay	slew	slain	(кн., шутл.) убивать
sleep	slept	slept	спать
slide	slid	slid, slidden	скользить
sling	slang	slung	швырять; метать из пращи
slink	slunk	slunk	выкинуть (о животном)
slit	slit	slit	разрезать в длину, рваться
smell	smelt, smelled	smelt, smelled	пахнуть; нюхать
smite	smote	smitten	разбивать; карать, разрушать
sow	sowed	sown, sowed	сеять
speak	spoke	spoken	говорить
speed	sped, speeded	sped, speeded	спешить, ускорять
spell	spelt, spelled	spelt, spelled	писать/произносить по буквам
spend	spent	spent	тратить
spill	spilt, spilled	spilt, spilled	проливать
spin	spun, span	spun	прясть
spit	spat	spat	плевать(ся)
split	split	split	раскалывать(ся)
spoil	spoilt, spoiled	spoilt, spoiled	портить
spread	spread	spread	распространяться
spring	sprang	sprung	прыгать
stand	stood	stood	стоять
stave	staved, stove	staved, stove	снабжать бочарными клепками
steal	stole	stolen	красть
stick	stuck	stuck	приклеивать
sting	stung	stung	жалить
stink	stank, stunk	stunk	вонять, смердеть
strew	strewed	strewn, strewed	разбрасывать
stride	strewed, strode	stridden, strid	шагать большими шагами
strike	struck	struck, stricken	ударять; бастовать
string	strung	strung	завязывать; шнуровать
strive	strove	striven	стремиться
sunburn	sunburned, sunburnt	sunburned, sunburnt	загорать
swear	swore	sworn	клясться; браниться
sweep	swept	swept	мести
swell	swelled	swollen, swelled	пухнуть, раздуваться
swim	swam	swum	плавать
swing	swung	swung	качать(ся); размахивать
take	took	taken	брать
teach	taught	taught	учить, обучать
tear	tore	torn	рвать
tell	told	told	рассказывать
think	thought	thought	думать
thrive	throve, thrived	thriven, thrived	процветать; разрастаться
throw	threw	thrown	бросать
thrust	thrust	thrust	толкать
tread	trod	tridden, trod	ступать
unbend	unbent	unbent	выпрямлять(ся)
unbind	unbound	unbound	развязывать
underbid	underbid	underbidden, underbid	снижать цену
undergo	underwent	undergone	претерпевать
undersell	undersold	undersold	продавать дешевле других
understand	understood	understood	понимать
undertake	undertook	undertaken	предпринимать
underwrite	underwrote	underwritten	подписывать(ся)
undo	undid	undone	открывать, развязывать, расстегивать
upset	upset	upset	опрокидывать; расстраивать, нарушать
wake	woke, waked	waked, woken, woke	будить, просыпаться
waylay	waylaid	waylaid	подстерегать
wear	wore	worn	носить, изнашивать
weave	wove	woven, wove	ткать
wed	wedded	wedded, wed	выдавать замуж, женить
weep	wept	wept	плакать
win	won	won	выигрывать
wind	winded, wound	winded, wound	заводить; виться
withdraw	withdrew	withdrawn	отдергивать; отводить
withhold	withheld	withheld	отказывать; утаивать
withstand	withstood	withstood	противостоять, выдержать
work	worked, wrought	worked, wrought	работать, действовать
wring	wrung	wrung	жать, выжимать
write	wrote	written	писать

PLACEMENT TEST

1. There!..... this big heavy cloud in the sky; I am sure it’ll rain in a minute.

Do you see

Have you seen

Are you seeing

Have you been seeing

2. Jake is a good footballer. Do you know since when..... football?

He has been playing

He plays

Has he been playing

Is he playing

3. Sonia..... as a computer programmer this year, but she’d like to try something different in the future.

Works

Has worked

Is working

Has been working

4. I think you..... very silly. Don't get out of bed. You’ll only make your temperature go up again.

Are

Are being

Were

Have been

I have just applied for a job in the local hospital, now I..... for an answer from them.

Wait

Have been waiting

Have waited

Am waiting

6. - What are you looking for? - I..... my umbrella somewhere, and now I don’t know where it is.

Leave

Has left

Have been leaving

Have left

7. Nora, you look awfully tired. What..... all day?

Do you do

Are you doing

Have you been doing

Have you done

Jerry promised to come to work in time. He is not here, and he even......

isn’t calling

hasn't called

hasn't been calling

doesn’t call

Today the world..... so rapidly; things never stay the same.

Changes

Has changed

Is changing

Has been changing

Susan is a fashion designer. Now, she..... at a new set of clothes to be shown at a fashion show in April.

Works

Is working

Has been working

Has worked

Their car is as good as new though they..... it for a number of years.

Have

Have been having

Are having

Have had

12. Look here! I simply refuse to believe what you..... me now.

Are telling

Have been telling

Have told

Tell

Be careful with paint. It..... a certain amount of lead.

Contains

Is containing

Has contained

Contained

14. Who..... my newspaper? It was on my desk a minute ago.

Has taken

Have taken

Took

Takes

My cousin Jake has got a lot of books, most of which he......

doesn’t read

hasn’t been reading

hasn’t read

isn’t reading

I had a cup of tea for breakfast because I..... of coffee.

Had run out

Ran out

Was running out

Had been running out

The trouble started when Mrs. Leslie Cady..... control of her car on a narrow mountain road.

Was losing

Lost

Had lost

Had been losing

18. Greg didn’t want to be late for the theatre. He drove as fast as he could. The play..... as he walked in the door of the theatre.

Was just beginning

Had just began

Just began

Had been just beginning

19. It wasn't raining when I looked out of the window; the sun was shining. But it..... earlier. That's why the ground was wet.

Rained

Was raining

Had rained

Had been raining

20. He didn't see me as he was reading when I..... into the room.

Had come

Came

Had been coming

Was coming

21. Yesterday I came up to a stranger who looked like Jane Faster and started talking to her. But she wasn’t Jane. It was clear I..... a mistake.

Made

Was making

Had made

Had been making

While the kids..... in the garden, their mother was hurriedly cooking dinner.

Were playing

Played

Had been playing

Had played

23. Sam says he didn’t enjoy the program because the TV set..... properly.

didn’t work

hadn’t worked

wasn’t working

hadn’t been working

Before Adam got married, he..... hiking to the mountains every summer. Now he goes to the seaside with his wife.

Went

Would go

Had gone

Had been going

25. I saw Paul at the airport. He..... for his brother’s plane to arrive from Canada.

Had been waiting

Was waiting

Waited

Had waited

When I first..... to England in 1938, I thought I knew English fairly well.

Came

Had come

Was coming

Had been coming

Scarcely..... out of the window when I saw a flash of light.

Had I looked

I was looking

Had I been looking

Was I looking

28. Margaret didn’t wear her shoes; she was barefoot. She..... on a piece of broken glass and cut her foot.

Stepped

Had stepped

Was stepping

Had been stepping

29. When I was young, I..... that people over forty were very old. Now that I am forty myself I don’t think so.

Thought

Used to think

Was thinking

Had thought

Rescue workers..... a man, a woman, and two children from cold rushing water.

Had pulled

Pulled

Were pulling

Had been pulling

31. It's too late to telephone Tom now. I think I..... him in the morning.

Will call

Am going to call

Will be calling

Will have called

By the first of December this year I..... here for fifteen years already.

Will have been working

Will work

Will have worked

Will be working

3 3. I'll come home late tomorrow. I..... out with my friend.

Will be dining

Will dine

Will have been dining

Am dining

3 4. I don't know if he..... to join us, but if he does, it will change my plans.

Will make up his mind

Will have made up his mind

Makes up his mind

Has made up his mind

By this time next year Professor Smith..... on the subject for five years.

Will be lecturing

Will have been lecturing

Will lecture

Will have lectured

3 6. I can't meet you this evening. A friend of mine..... to see me.

Will come

Will have come

Is coming

Comes

3 7. I don't know when Professor Johnson..... to his office, but when he comes, I'll speak to him about it.

Comes

Will come

Will have come

Is coming

When Jerry enters a Medical school he..... Chemistry for more than four years.

Will be studying

Will study

Will have been studying

Will have studied

3 9. Who..... of the dog when you go to America?

Will take care

Will be taking care

Is taking care

Is going to take care

Susan..... the house before her husband comes home.

won’t leave

won’t have been leaving

won’t have left

won’t be leaving

If I..... George tomorrow, I will tell him to come and see you.

Meet

Will meet

Am going to meet

Will be meeting

42. I don't know his address, but I..... it for you, if you want it.

Will get

Will be getting

Am getting

Will have got

43. I won't leave the house before the postman..... mail.

Will have brought

Brings

Will bring

Is bringing

The dog will wait for his master near the door until his master..... from work.

Gets back

Will get back

won’t get back

Will be getting back

45. I don't know what he thinks about it, but I..... him.

Am asking

Will have asked

Will ask

Will be asking

My name ___ Kathy.

Is

Are

Will

Am

She ______ from Russia.

isn't

aren't

hasn't

Not

Eat salad and pizza.

It

They

He

She

That is _____ desk.

Sue's

Sues

Sues'

Sue

I like ________ TV.

Watching

Watch

Looking

Look

51. What time ______ your dog?

Do you walk

You walk

Does you walk

You walking

52. _________ any orange juice?

There is

Are there

Is there

aren't there

53. ______ a glass of sherry?

Can I

Can I have

Have I can

I can have

He ______ his rent.

Never pays

doesn't never pay

Pays never

Never pay

I read books ___ the evenings.

On

At

In

Of

56. Can ______ a piece of paper?

I have

Have I

I

I am

57. Where were you born? I ________ in Madrid.

Was born

Were born

Was borne

Am born

58. Do you have ____ cigarettes?

Any

An

a

___

She is _____ than she looks.

Older

More old

More older

Oldest

60. How many books ________?

Have you got

You have got

You got

Do you got

61. Where's the dog? It _______ in the garden.

Playing

Play

Is playing

Plays

He _____buy a bicycle.

Is going

Going to

Is going to

Want to

I ______ in England ten years ago.

Stayed

Have stayed

Staid

Did stayed

It was nice _____ you.

To meet

At meeting

On meeting

To meeting

Please write to me ___ the wedding.

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