The Future in the Past Tenses (будущие времена в прошедшем)

В каждой из описанных выше групп времен будущее время может переводиться в план прошлого.

Так, в целях соблюдения правила согласования времен в косвенной речи вместо Future Indefinite ставится Future-in-the-Past Indefinite:

Cпряжениe Future Indefinite in the Past

число	лицо	утвердительная форма	вопросительная форма	отрицательная форма
един.		I should (I’d) ask	Should I ask?	I should not (shouldn’t) ask
	You would (you’d) ask	Would you ask?	You would not (wouldn’t) ask
	He She would (‘d) It ask	he Would she ask? it	He would not She (wouldn’t) It ask
множ.		We should (We’d) ask	Should we ask?	We should not (shouldn’t) ask
	You would (you’d) ask	Would you ask?	You would not (wouldn’t) ask
	They would (they’d) ask	Would they ask?	They would not (wouldn’t) ask

□ Не said he would come to London in March. — Он сказал, что приедет в Лондон в марте.

□ The Future Continuous Tense преобразуется в the Future in the Past Continuous Tense:

□ He said he would be reading at that time. — Он сказал, что в это время будет читать.

□ The Future Perfect Tense изменяется и приобретает форму the Future in the Past Perfect Tense:

□ He said he would have finished the report by 7 o'clock. — Он сказал, что закончит доклад к 7 часам.

□ The Future in the Past Perfect Continuous Tense употребляется вместо The Future Perfect Continuous Tense:

□ He said that by next April we should have been living in the town for 5 years. — Он сказал, что к апрелю следующего года мы будем жить в городе уже 5 лет.

Формообразование в данной группе времен связано с изменением вспомогательных глаголов shall/will на формы прошедшего времени should/would.

Сводная таблица времен активного залога

Time Aspect	Indefinite	Continuous	Perfect	Perfect Continuous
Present	write пишу writes пишет	am writing пишу is/are writing пишет/пишут	have written написали has written написал	have been writing писали и еще пишут has been writing писал и пишет
Past	wrote писал(и)	was/were writing писал/писали	had written написал(и)	had been writing писал(и)
Future	shall write напишу will write напишет	shall be writing буду писать will be writing будет писать	shall have written допишу will have written допишет	shall have been writing буду писать will have been writing будет писать
Future in the Past	should write напишу would write напишет	should be writing буду писать would be writing будет писать	should have written допишу would have written допишет	should have been writing буду писать would have been writing будет писать

	Indefinite	Continuous	Perfect	Perfect Continues
Present
Past
Future

Задания

1.Поставьте глаголы в нужном времени (Present, Past, Future Perfect Continuous):

· He (to study) English for only two years before he was able to translate films.

· The writer (to work) on the novel before he sent it to the publisher.

· Mike (to learn) to sing for two years before he took part in the competition.

· Peter work (to work) at the Art Theatre since his graduation.

· The producer and the director (to discuss) a play for some weeks before the actors arrive.

· I (to look) for my glasses the whole morning before I finally found them.

2 Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. The first person whom Andrew (to see) as he (to enter) was his old nurse. She (to sit) on the sofa. During the last five years she greatly (to change) and now (to look) a very old woman. 2. She is going to read the letter she just (to receive). 5. How long you (to wait) for me? I am really very sorry. 4. Yesterday I (to meet) a friend of mine whom I (not to see) for a long time. 5. Ring me up at eleven o'clock, I (not yet to sleep). 6. You (to be) late for the concert if you (not to take) a taxi. 7. The sun (to set) a long time ago, and it (to begin) to get really cold. 8. When I (to come) home yesterday, my sister already (to return) and (to sit) at the fireplace looking through some old photographs. 9. He (to smoke) three cigarettes and (to look) through all the books on the shelf, when at last he (to hear) his friend's steps approaching the door. 10. He just (to approach) the door, when she (to enter). 11. He (to write) the composition for three hours and he (to say) he soon (to finish) it as he (to think) over the conclusion now. 12. Hardly1 I (to go) out when I (to remember) that I (to forget) to take my umbrella. 13. Where is the baby? — The nurse (to put) it to bed. 14. He said he (to work) for a long time without achieving good results.

3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. When I (to come) to Pete's house last Sunday, he (to read) a new book. He (to say) he (to give) it to me soon. Today I (to take) it from him. Now I (to read) it. I (to finish) it by Friday. If you like, I (to give) it to you on Saturday when you (to come) to see me. 2. When will he come? We (to wait) for him for already half an hour. 3. On leaving the hall the students (to thank) the professor who (to deliver) the lecture. 4. We already (to cover) about ten miles when Peter, who (to look) out of the window for the last five or ten minutes, suddenly exclaimed: "Here is the station!" 5. When morning came, the storm already (to stop), but the snow still (to fall). 6. Yesterday by eight o'clock he (to finish) all his homework, and when I (to come) to his place at nine, he (to read). 7. I (to wait) for permission to go abroad for already three weeks, but I (not to receive) the visa yet. 8. Everybody (to be) at the door of the museum, but my friend (not yet to come). 9. We (to drink) tea when the telephone (to ring). 19. Johnny noticed that everybody (to look) at him, and he (to feel) shy. Ц. Light (to travel) more quickly than sound.

4. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

Peter (to read) by the fireplace when the door (to open) and the maid (to enter). The cook (to follow) her. 2. When the mother (to satisfy) herself that the children (to sleep) peacefully in their beds, she (to take) out the Christmas presents and carefully (to put) them into the stockings which (to hang) at the beds. 3. If you (to ring) me up tomorrow, I (to tell) you all about it. 4. The lesson (not yet to begin), and the children (to talk) loudly in the corridor. 5. I (to live) in St. Petersburg since 1991. 6. By the fifteenth of January the students (to pass) all the examinations. 7. The students (to write) the paper by dinner-time. 8. They (to sail) down the river for many hours before they (to come) to the village. 9. I (not to be) to my home town for five years. 10. The rain (to stop) by the time we (to reach) home. 11. The message (to arrive) five minutes after he (to leave) the house. 12. It (to be) nearly eleven o'clock when we (to begin) doing this work. 13. At last the reply from my grandmother (to come), and my mother (to tell) me that she (to come) soon. 14. Here you (to be) at last! I (to wait) for you for twenty minutes. You (not to be) ashamed?

5. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. The day (to be) cold and it (to rain). When I (to reach) home, my raincoat (to be) all wet. I (to take) it off, (to shake) the water off it, (to hang) it up and (to go) into the living-room. My children (to play) on the carpet. When they (to see) me, they (to jump) up and (to run) up to me. 2. I (to hear) this song several times already, but I cannot remember the words. I (to write) them down as soon as I (to hear) this song again. 3. Hardly1 he (to open) the suit-case, when he (to find) the tie which he (to think) he (to lose) long before. 4. Shut the door! The room (to be) full of smells which (to come) from the kitchen. Mother (not to like) kitchen smells in the room. 5. Last night he (to finish) the book which he (to begin) writing a year ago. 6. He said he (to listen) to the same stories for a long time. 7. By the evening he (to translate) ten pages. 8. You ever (to be) to the new stadium? — Yes, I (to be) there last Saturday. 9. The old lady was happy: she (not to see) her son for three years. 10. What you (to do) yesterday? 11. How many pages you (to translate) for today?

6. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. What you (to do) here? — I (to prepare) for my report. — How long you (to prepare) for it? — Oh, I (to work) since morning. 2. He (to teach) at school for five years when the war (to break) out. 3. She (to study) English since last year. 4. What you (to read)? — I (to read) a magazine. — How long you (to read) it? — I (to read) it for half an hour. 5. She (to live) in Moscow for ten years when her sister (to come) to live with her. 6. Our teacher (to come). Now he (to speak) with our monitor. 7. They (to speak) when I (to look) at them. 8. I (to walk) about an hour when I (to see) a little house not far from the river. 9. When he (to read) the newspaper, he (to give) it to his brother. 10. Ho (to leave) for Rostov in 1990 and since then he (to live) there. 11. At this time tomorrow we (to discuss) your report. 12. Now she (to read) the book which I (to give) her yesterday. 13. You ever (to be) to London? — Yes, I (to be) there last summer. 14. What your friend (to do) now? — She (to have) dinner. She usually (to have) dinner at this time. 15. I (to buy) a new dress. I (to show) it to you tomorrow when you (to come) to my place. 16. So you begin working tomorrow! And who (to take) care of your children when you (to go) to work? 17. Hello, Peter! Where you (to go)? — I (to go) to the library.

7. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. On entering the drawing-room he (to find) that his two friends (to get) up and (to wait) for him. 2. The sportsmen (to train) since early morning; now they (to go) over the high jump, as they (not to be) satisfied with their results. 3. Five minutes (not to pass) when the train for which we (to wait) (to appear) in the distance. 4. Tomorrow father (to come) late. We (to do) all our homework and (to drink) tea when he (to come). 5. When Mrs. Smith (to come) home yesterday, she (to see) that her daughter (to cook) supper and (to wait) for her with the table laid. 6. Where is Nick? — He (not to be) at home, he (to go) to the cinema. Wait for him, he (to come) in half an hour. 7. It was very late. I (to go) to bed and (to fall) asleep when my father (to return) home. 8. I'll join you when I (to drink) my tea. 9. When I (to come), he (to live) in the same old house where I first (to meet) him. He (to tell) me he (to wait) for me for already some time. 10. The pupils (to do) a lot of exercises before they (to learn) to write dictations well. 11. I could not hear a sound: they (to stop) talking.

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