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Ties of Relationship
1.Your relatives on your wife's side are: Your wife's sister is your..., and her brother is your..., your parents will refer to your wife as their... while your brothers and sisters will refer to her as their.... Your wife's parents will speak of you as their....
2. Your brother's and sister's sons and daughters are your... and....
3. Your mother's and father's brothers and sisters are your.... The children of your uncles and aunts are your... and the children of your first cousins are your ……
4. Your mother's and father's parents are your... and the latter will refer to you as their....
5. Someone's second wife will speak of her husband's children as her..., whereas the latter will speak of her as their.... Someone's second husband will also refer to his wife's children as his... while the latter will speak of him as their....
Ex. 4. Read and translate the text. Give the main idea of the text
KISS ME AND SIGN HERE, DARLING. PRENUPTIAL AGREEMENT
In the United States, it is becoming more and more common for engaged couples to sign prenuptial agreements before they say, "I do." A prenuptial agreement is a contract of practical agreements, which can protect both the husband and wife in the event of a divorce. "A couple promises to love one another until the end of time, and that time ends in approximately five years," says divorce attorney Elena Garcia. "With the divorce rate running close to 50 percent, it just makes sense for couples to plan ahead. It's kind of like an insurance policy. You hope nothing bad is going to happen, but you're prepared if it does."
Negotiating a prenuptial agreement can test a couple's relationship, especially when one partner has a lot to lose. "Gilbert came from a very wealthy family, and his father pressured him into getting me to sign a prenuptial agreement," says Lydia "It was a horrible process to go through. I basically had to agree that if Gilbert and I divorced, I wouldn't be entitled to one penny of their family fortune." Gilbert and Lydia have been happily married for a year. Nonetheless, Lydia admits that their relationship changed the day she signed the pre-nup papers. "I felt like I was signing our divorce agreement before we were even married. And, to be honest, the whole thing made me question Gilbert's love for me." Indeed, at the time that two people are making a commitment to marry, each individual wants to feel that he or she is the most important person in the potential spouse's life. Yet the prenuptial agreement symbolizes a loyally to something or someone outside of the couple's relationship This can leave both partners feeling vulnerable, and even distrustful, it is essential that both people feel as if they're gaining something from the agreement.
Prenuptial agreements aren't always just about financial issues. Couples can agree on everything from how many children they will have to who will wash the Sunday night dishes. "We spelled everything out," says Delores Walker, "and it's worked out fine." Her husband Harold agrees. "It was the second marriage for both of us, and we both knew what we wanted. I knew that I never wanted to cook. Ever. So we wrote that in." Adds Delores, "And I knew that I wanted to receive roses on my birthday every year. That's in there, too." Could Delores take Harold to court if she didn't receive her roses? "No," says Elena Garcia "Generally speaking, the courts will not uphold agreements of a non monetary nature. For example, you can't sue your spouse for failure to keep the bathroom clean, even if your prenuptial agreement says that he or she is responsible for that chore. However, that doesn't mean that you shouldn't consider including those typos of everyday issues in your contract It helps to clarity expectations on both sides."
Answer the questions
1. In your opinion, are prenuptial agreements a good idea? Why or why not?
2. Do you think that Lydia should have signed her agreement with Gilbert? Was their agreement fair?
3. Many couples, like Delores and Harold, find it helpful to "spell out" everything before they get married. Is that sensible or silly? What kinds of things would you want spelled out in your prenuptial agreement?
4. If you were married, what would constitute immediate grounds for divorce?
Ex. 5. Complete the sentences with words below
expectations financial courts vulnerable happily symbolize contract relationship
Ex. 6. Let’s discuss!
Ex. 7. Listen and insert the missing words into the dialogues.
N answers the door and shows in her friend, Ann.
N: Ann, meet the aunts and ________, grannies and grandpas, the _______ and nieces, and all the rest.
A: Pleased to meet you all, I'm sure. My, what a big __________ you are!
N: This is only the immediate family. You're the only outsider here now. You will sit next to the oldest member of family present — my _________________. Grandpa, dear, I'm going to put my friend in this seat near you.
GR.-GRANDF: The pleasure is all mine. Please sit down, my dear. Make yourself at home. So, Nadya must give me away at once and tell my _______.
A: You don't ______ your age at all. So don't mind her.
GR.-GRANDF: A person is as ______ as he feels, they say. Still...
A: Nadya is your great-grand-___________, isn't she? She's the exact image of you (there's a strong family resemblance between you) — of course, taking the difference in age into consideration.
GR.-GRANDF: Does she really ______ _____ me so much? I'm flattered. She's a good-looking girl, isn't she?
A: How wonderful it must be for you to look round the table and see four _____________ of your descendants!
GR.-GRANDF: We are a long lived family. Only your dear _________ died young,
N: (to A) She was 50 when she died.
A: Your family, it seems to me, are very much attached to each other.
N: Well, more or less, I suppose.
Ex. 8. Listen to the dialogue “Bush and Clinton Are Remote Relatives. Answer the questions.
Ex. 9. Translate the dialogue from Russian into English
1. "Сам себе дедушка"
А: Хорошо, Сэм, я расскажу тебе, как это все получилось. Видишь ли, я женился на вдове, у этой вдовы была дочь. Тогда мой отец, тоже вдовец, женился на нашей дочери, таким образом мой отец стал моим зятем. Понятно?
В: Да, понятно. Но как же ты стал самому себе дедушкой?
А: Слушай, моя падчерица стала моей мачехой, не так ли?
В: Да, ведь она была женой твоего отца.
А: Да, тогда ее мать — моя бабушка, не так ли?
В: Да, правильно.
А: Я женат на ней, на моей бабушке. Таким образом я становлюсь дедушкой самому себе, правильно?
Br Хм, теперь никто не может в этом сомневаться.
Ex. 10. Speaking practice
Speak on the marriage customs in any country
Ex. 11.Writting practice
Have you ever wondered who your ancestors were and where they came from? Create your own family tree. Start off with your great-grandparents. Make sure you include all of your cousins, aunts, uncles, as well as brothers and sisters.
Ex. 12. Read and translate the dialogues. Try to compose your own dialogues and dramatize them.
1. At the family psychologist Ben Lance.
Kristi: We didn’t agree. We talked about it, and I said I didn’t think I wanted any children. But now I do.
Kevin: And I don’t. I never did. It’s not fair for her to change her mind now.
Kristi: I can’t help how I feel. I want to be a mother.
Lance: This is a dilemma that happens to a lot of couples. Unfortunately, there is no easy solution. I want both of you to think long and hard about your relationship. There can be no compromise in this case. Either you will have a child or you won’t, so one of you will be at least temporarily unhappy.
Kevin: Maybe a pre-nup agreement is a good idea?
Kristi: I’m telling you… it’s the only way to go.
Lance: Good. And I would advise you to discuss all other points too.
Kristi: Yeah. That’s probably a good idea.
3. Lance: Good morning.
Elbert: Lance, I’m Elbert Hall and this is my wife Ethel. We’ve been married for 54 years.
Ethel: Yep. Fifty-four long years
Lance: I see, and what the problem?
Ethel: Garbage. That’s the problem. Elbert won’t take out the garbage on Thursday nights. He says it was not in our prenuptial agreement. It’s the only thing I asked him to do, but he still can’t manage it. Is it too much to ask? Am I wrong?
Elbert: You see what I have to put up with here? She’s on me day and night about the garbage. Take out the garbage. Take out the garbage! Take out the garbage!!! Why can’t a man just live in peace? She’s like a parrot… Take out the garbage. Take out the garbage.
Lance: Just out of curiosity, Elbert… why don’t you do it?
Elbert: Because she wants me to. That’s why.
Ethel: What?! You haven’t taken out the garbage in 54 years and that’s all you have to say?
Lance: So, Elbert, if Ethel stopped asking you to take out the garbage, then you would do it?
Elbert: Absolutely. I’m a reasonable man.
Lance: Good. Then we have a solution. Agreed?
Ethel: Well… I guess.
Elbert: Okay.
Lance: You sound disappointed. What’s wrong?
Ethel: I was just wondering what we’ll have to talk about if Elbert starts taking out the garbage.
Elbert: Yeah, It’s been our main topic of conversation for most of our married life.
3. Peter: Emma, are you sure you want to get married?
Emma: Yes, Peter. I want to marry you. But we have to get to work on our prenuptial agreement. The sooner the better!
Peter: Ok. What is the first point in our list?
Emma: Children. I want to have two.
Peter: Absolutely agree, dear. What about cooking?
Emma: I think I could cook on week days and you would cook on Saturday and Sunday.
Peter: I think on weekends we could just go out for meal.
Emma: In this case you will pay!
Peter: Right. What about dogs? I’d like to have a dog.
Emma: That’s good. Me too. I’d like to have a small doggy.
Peter: No! I want a big one. What do we need a small dog for?!
Emma: I don’t need an elephant in my house!
Peter: And I don’t need toy-dog in mine! May be you want a cat!?
Emma: A cat!!! You know I hate cats!!! And I hate you!!!
Answer the questions
Supplementary reading
Sonnet 43
by Elizabeth Barrett Browning
How do I love thee? Let me count the ways.
I love thee to the depth and breadth and height
My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight
For the ends of Being and ideal Grace.
I love thee to the level of everyday’s
Most quite need, by sun and candle-light.
I love thee freely, as men strive for Right;
I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise.
I love thee with the passion put to use
In my old grief, and with my childhood’s faith.
I love thee with a love I seemed to lose
With my lost saints, - I love thee with the breath,
Smiles, tears, of all my life! – and, if God choose,
I shall but love thee better after death.
UNIT VI. NATIVE CITY
Vocabulary
1. be founded – быть основанным
2. be situated – располагаться
3. be washed by – омываться
4. be proud of – гордиться
5. border – граница
6. bay – залив
7. coast – побережье
8. call at – заходить
9. district – район
10. frontier – граница
11. go sight-seeing – осматривать достопримечательности
1 2. gulf – залив
13. harbor – гавань
14. location – месторасположение
15. latitude – широта
16. longitude – долгота
17. monument – памятник
18. occupy – занимать место
19. population – население
20. peninsula – полуостров
21. sights – достопримечательности
22. skyscraper – небоскреб
23. shore – берег моря
24. seaside – побережье, место отдыха у моря
25. separate from – отделить от
26. square – площадь
27. two-storey house – двухэтажный дом
28. dwell – жить, пребывать
29. cabin – небольшая жилая постройка
30. strait - пролив
Ex. 1. Read and translate the text.
OUR CITY
Vladivostok is one of the most interesting and colorful cities in Russia. Its buildings climb the hillsides dropping to the sea. The se makes Vladivostok unforgettable the city is open to the ocean winds. Once it was compared to Naples and much later - to San-Francisco.
Vladivostok occupies the whole southern tip of the Muravyov-Amursky Peninsula. The downtown area is situated at the shores of the Golden Horn Bay, well protected from strong winds, deep and a convenient harbor for ocean-going vessels. Bosphorus the Eastern Strait links two gulfs together - the Amursky and the Ussuriysky -and separates the Russian Island from the mainland. The city is rather young. It was founded on the second of July in 1860.
Due to its location at 132 degrees longitude East, 43 degrees latitude North, Vladivostok perfectly referred to the saying: "The latitude of the Crimea while the longitude of the Kolyma river. This, by the way, explains why Vladivostok has got such a monsoon climate. In wintertime there is almost no snow in the city, while in summertime thick fog moves on it and gives way to practically, non-stop rains. The mean annual temperature is +5°C, the temperature in January is -14°C, the temperature in August is +24°C.
Only one-to-five territory of the city is built-up, the other part is occupied by the forest-park. The northern part is a kind of national park and there was a time, when the impassable Ussury taiga stood there. In the forest-park of the city you can see a lot of rare plants and trees: cork tree, cedar, aralia, eleutorococcus, lime, maple and others.
Naturally, the port is the heart of Vladivostok. A great many of the ships arrive here every day. Vessels maintain the transportation, to dozens of countries all over the world, transfer passengers to Sakhalin, Kuril Islands, Kamchatka, Japan and others.
Vladivostok is an international territory. Businessmen and journalists, specialists and ordinary people of Japan, the Republic of Korea, China, Australia, the USA, Canada and Europe are visiting Vladivostok more often. American, Canadian and French Navy ships have made friendly visits to Vladivostok. Besides, sister-town relationship was established with Japanese prefectures of Niigata, Toyama, and the American states of Washington, Oregon, California.
Vladivostok has a glorious past, a glorious present and still glorious future.
Answer the questions.
1. Where is Vladivostok situated? 2. What makes it unforgettable? 3. Does it occupy the whole southern tip of the Muravyo v-Amursky Peninsula? 4. Where is the downtown situated? 5. What links the Amursky and the Ussuriysky Gulfs together? 6. What separates the Russian Island from the mainland? 7. What city is the largest in the Far East of Russia? 8. When was Vladivostok founded? 9. What is the latitude of that city? 10. What climate has Vladivostok? 11. Describe wintertime and summertime in Vladivostok. 12. What part of the city is built-up? 13. The northern part of the city is a kind of the national park, isn't it? 14. What plants can you see in the forest-parks of the city? 16. What is the heart of Vladivostok? 17. Can you say that Vladivostok has a status of the international city? 18. What relationship is established between Vladivostok and other countries?
Ex. 2. Agree or disagree with the statements.
1. Vladivostok is one of the most interesting and colorful cities in Russia. 2. There is no sea in Vladivostok. 3. It is compared to San-Francisco. 4. Vladivostok occupies the southern tip of Korean Peninsula. 5. The downtown area is situated high in the mountains. 6. The Bering Strait links two gulfs together. 7. Ussuriysk is the capital and the largest city of Primorye. 8. Vladivostok has the latitude of the Crimea and the longitude of the Kolyma river. 9. Vladivostok has a monsoon climate. 10. There are no typhoons in the Southern Primorye. 11. There is no port in Vladivostok. 12. Vladivostok has no cooperation with the leading countries of the world. 13. Тhere are no higher educational institutions in the city.
Ex. 3. Find the synonyms from the second part to the words in the first part of the exercise.
1. To live; house; to look like; high; site; dweller; subway; to run;, road; light; unknown; police-officer; guard; places of interest.
2. Police-man; resident; to be similar; underground; to exist;; building; conductor; sights; stranger; traffic-lights; tall; location; way; to go.
Ex. 4. Find the antonyms.
1. On the left; to go straight; sunny; downtown; to be ashamed; sea; to call at; indoors; to begin; to lie; late; old; big; skyscraper; to join; on the way; near; to the right.
2. To stand; out of the way; far; to separate; cloudy; land; to leave; to end; to be proud of; in the street; cabin; small; suburbs; on the right; to go round; to the left; in time, new..
Ex. 5. Choose Russian equivalents
A guidebook to Vladivostok; location; to be situated; latitude; industrial center; to dwell; to look like; sights; peninsula; coast; to be washed by; borders of several countries; to go straight on; to turn round; to change for 11 bus; to get off.
полуостров; выходить из; границы нескольких стран; повернуть назад; путеводитель по Владивостоку; местоположение; омываться; находится; широта; промышленный центр; быть похожим; обитать; пересесть на автобус №11; достопримечательности; побережье; идти прямо.
Ex. 6. Render in English.
По склонам сопок, спускающихся к морю, карабкаются дома одного из самых интересных и колоритных городов России. Сравнивая его с Неаполем, знаменитый норвежский, путешественник Фритьоф Нансен отметил, как глубоко и причудливо море изрезает сушу и придает городу неповторимый облик. Открытый со всех сторон солёным морским ветрам, он занимает всю южную часть полуострова Муравьёва-Амурского. Пролив Босфор Восточный соединяет два залива: Амурский и Уссурийский и отделяет от континента остров Русский. Здесь находятся “морские врата” – два маяка, расположенный друг против друга, которые указывают путь морякам в пасмурную и туманную погоду. К югу от полуострова Муравьёва-Амурского на десятки километров протянулся архипелаг, тоже входящий в черту этого города: острова Русский, Попова, Рейнике, Рикорда, Верховского, Римского-Корсакова. Многие из них названы именами русских моряков, открывших или описавших эти острова и побережье Южного Приморья. Всё это - Владивосток, то есть владеющий Востоком. Это - самая окраина России, центр Приморья и лидер во всём Азиатско-Тихоокеанском регионе.
Ex. 7. Read about the sights and monuments of your city and discuss it.
SIGHTS AND MONUMENTS
It is difficult to imagine now, that in the mid-19 century thedowntown area was covered with wild taiga and tigers walked there? The memories of those times are in the names of the streets and hills The Tigrovaya Hill is well observed from Korabelnaya-Naberezhnaya street: at this place the city was started and here its first streets were laid. Svetlanskaya is the first street in Vladivostok. It was named after the crew of the frigate "Svetlana" that first cleared the route for it 1881. It is a main ”tourist" street. Many historical buildings constructed at the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries, museums and monuments and central shops are located in this street and the streets adjacent to it.
The Vladivostok monuments are mostly dedicated to the seamen. The monument to the Admiral G.I. Nevelskoy was the very first one in the city. It was opened in 1877. The admiral was the great traveler who made a great contribution to the modern geographical knowledge he was the first to prove that Sakhalin is the island. The symbol of Vladivostok is a Monument to Fighters for the Soviet Power in Far East. It was established in 1961 in the central square of the city.
The "spirit" of Vladivostok is in its unusual landscape, buildings are placed like an amphitheatre on the slopes of the hill You can observe half of the city from any point of the hills. Due to the irregular coastline, which forms numerous small bays and peninsulas, the view which will open before you is really unique. There are several specially arranged view points in Vladivostok. They are located in the Southern extremity of Shkot (Egersheld) Peninsula, on Goldobin Cаре, in the area of Tikhaya Bay and on the Orlinoye Gnezdo (Eagles Nest hill), which is located a little higher than the upper Funicular Station. You can view Vladivostok both in the daytime and at night. In the evening the city looks mysterious and awakens fantasy and imagination.
The center of Vladivostok and its suburbs are of great contrast. There are some half-destroyed pre-revolutionary dwellings, located in the very heart of the city. And not only there. The majority of the buildings located in the center have been restored during the last 10years. Construction of new residential and office buildings is being carried out. All the districts are built with 5-, 9- and 12-story residential houses.
Ex. 8. What sights and monuments do you know? Describe them.
Ex. 9. Make up a dialog between you and a tourist from abroad. Tell him (her) about places of interest in Vladivostok. Work in pairs.
Ex. 10. Read and translate the dialogues.
I. Asking the way
1. A: Excuse me. Can you tell me where Aleutskaya street is, рlease?
В: It originates on Vokzalnaya Square, where a monument toVladimir Lenin stands.
A: Is it far?
B: No, it's only about 5 minutes walk.
A: Thank you.
B: Not at all.
2. A: (a car-driver to a passer-by): Excuse me, please. Could you tell me the way to the station?
B: Turn round and turn left at the traffic-lights.
A: Will it take me long?
B: No, it's not a distance at all.
A: Thank you.
B: That's OK.
3. A: Excuse me, can you tell me where the Far-Eastern State University is?
B: I'm a stranger here. You'd better ask that woman. A: (to a woman) Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the Far-Eastern State University.
C: You’re going the wrong way. Go straight on and take the second on the right. You'll see it on your left.
II. On a bus
1. A: (at the bus stop) Is there a bus from here to Pokrovsky Park?
B: Yes, take a 7 and ask the conductor to put you down at this stop.
A: Thank you.
В: That's OK.
2 A: Does this bus go to the station?
B: No, you'll have to get off just now and take a 64.
A: Can you tell me where to get off?
В. It's the next stop but one.
3. A: Is this the right tram for Lugovaya Square?
B: No. You're going the wrong way. You'll have to change at the post-office and take a tram number 5.
A: Thank you.
B: Not at all.
III. Taking a taxi
A: City Park, please. I have to be there by 9.30.
Taxi Driver: I can't promise, but I'll do my best...
A: You're just in time.
Taxi Driver: 150 rubles, please.
A: Thanks a lot. Here's 200. Give me 50 rubles change, please (You can keep the change).
Notes:
1. Take the second (разг. сокр.) от the second turning – второй поворот. Поверните на вторую улицу.
2. Take а 19 - take a number 19 (номер автобуса). Сядьте на 19-й автобус (маршрут №19). После 100 произносится каждая цифра (115 - one-one-five)
Ex. 11. Learn the dialogs and dramatize them.
Ex.12. Find in the dialogs English equivalents to these words combinations and sentences.
1. Поверните на вторую улицу справа и идите прямо. 2. Далеко ли это? 3. Пройти только пять минут. 4. Пожалуйста (ответ на благодарность). 5.Совсем близко. 6. Садитесь на 7автобус. 7. Через одну остановку. 8. Вы едете не в ту сторону. 9. Не могу обещать. 10. Оставьте сдачу.
Ex.13. Translate the dialogs from Russian into English.
1. - Извините, далеко ли отсюда до кинотеатра "Москва"?
- Очень близко. Идите прямо и вы увидите здание кинотеатра с правой стороны.
2. - Что мне ещё посмотреть?
- Вы уже были в Музее Арсеньева?
- Нет.
- Я советую вам сходить туда.
- Как мне проехать туда?
- Сверните с улицы Светланской на Алеутскую и вы увидите здание музея;
3. - Простите, этот автобус идёт до библиотеки им. Горького?
- Нет. Этот автобус не идёт туда. Туда лучше добираться пешком.
4. - Простите, не могли бы вы сказать, как проехать к ближайшему почтовому отделению?
- Поверните назад и сверните направо у светофора.
- Далеко ли это?
- Нет, совсем близко.
- Спасибо.
- Пожалуйста.
5. - Не могли бы вы сказать мне, где выходить?
- Через одну остановку.
Ex. 14. Listen to the dialogues and try to write down the directions.
Ex.15. Make up the dialogs of your own. Work in pairs.
a) you want to ask the way
b) you're on a bus
c) you take a taxi
Ex.16. Speaking practice
Tell your classmates about your native city.
Ex.17. Writing practice
Write one page essay about the favorite place in the city.
Supplementary reading
Do you know the history of Vladivostok? Read following and discuss it in pairs.
Vladivostok
For many Russians, especially for those living in the European part of the country, Vladivostok is the end of the world, where the continent ends and the great ocean begins. The city is situated on the peninsula, which seems to be deeply rooted into the sea.
Vladivostok is washed by two gulfs: the Amursky Gulf and the Ussuriysky Gulf, in addition to five bays that bear the classical names of Patrocles, Diomides and Ulysses. The names of the bays originate from those of the first ships that once called at them.
Vladivostok is a frontier city. Here Russia and Asia meet. At this place, where the continent ends, there is a conjunction of the border of several countries.
The coast of the Southern Primorye became known to Russian explorers in the 17 Century from tales of people, living at the Amur River. The first Russian map of Primorye coast line and rivers was published in 1759. Investigation of Primorye coast began in 1850s during the expedition to the northern part of the Sea of Japan under the command of Admiral G. I. Nevelskoy.
On the 20th of June (July 2) in 1860 the transport ship "Manjur" under the command of lieutenant-captain Shephner delivered to the Golden Horn Gulf a company of 31 soldiers. The settlement was named Vladivostok. From the very beginning of its history Vladivostok was developing as an open multinational territory. Already in 1864 first foreigners arrived at the settlement.
In 1880 there were about 9,000 residents in Vladivostok, including 5,000 Chinese, Japanese and Koreans. Nicolay-II visited Vladivostok in 1891 and attended the foundation ceremony of Vladivostok - Khabarovsk railroad construction. By 1917 the United States, Belgium, Great Britain, Germany, Greece, Holland, Italy and many other countries opened its consulates and commercial agencies.
During the Golden Age of Primorye business, social and cultural life was in full swing in the area. Adventurers and enterprising people rushed here to find wealth and happiness. The very Fate was giving to the region a role of commercial and cultural center in the Primorye.
Answer the questions.
1. When did the coast of the Southern Primorye become known to Russian explorers?
2. When was the first map of Primorye coast line published?
3. When did the investigation of Primorye coast begin?
4. Who was at the head of the expedition to the Sea of Japan?
5. When did the transport ship "Manjur" come to the Golden Horn Gulf?
6. When did the first foreigners arrive to the settlement?
7. How many residents were there at that time in Vladivostok?
8. When did the foundation of the railroad take place?
UNIT VII. SHOPPING
Names of some shops / departments / counters:
Bakery/Baker's - булочная
Butcher's - мясной
Grocery/Grocer's - бакалея.
Greengrocery/ Greengrocer's - овощной
Newsstand - киоск печатных изданий
Chemist's/Druggist's/Drugstore / Pharmacy - аптека
Florist's - цветочный, магазин
Fancy goods - галантерея
Jeweler’s - ювелирный магазин
Footwear/shoe shop - обувной магазин
Perfumery /Cosmetics - парфюмерия/ косметика
Stationary / Stationer's - канцелярские товары
Electrical equipment – электротовары
Ex.1. Read and translate the text
The Big Stores of London
One of the features of London is the number of big stores, most of which are to be found in or near the West End. These stores are a mixture of tradition and modernity.
They developed in the nineteenth century; they maintain the dignity of that century, yet they are always ready to follow new trends.
The big stores of London are vast buildings, many storeys high, equipped with speedy lifts and escalators, with well-planned lighting, ventilation and heating.
Departments are carefully named; "Budget Dresses" are really cheap dresses - but no customer likes to be thought of as a "cheap" shopper. The same applies to "Ready-to-wear"; it used to be used for the garments that were not made-to-measure, though now off-the-peg clothes are rather rule than the exception. "Mother-to-be" or "Lady-in-Waiting" will often be found instead of the conventional "Maternity Wear". Then there are newer words for the new trends in fashion - "Mix-and-Match", "Unisex", which are used alongside the more old-fashioned names: "Haberdashery", "Millinery", "Gowns", and sometimes still the words derived from the French - "Mantles" for coats, "Layette" for baby-wear. Another feature of London's shopping life is the chain-stores, in which the goods are displayed on open counters. A wide variety of goods is offered - chiefly foodstuffs, household goods, clothing and stationery. These chain-stores have branches in most British towns of importance.
One very well-known firm of chemists has shops in many parts оf London (and elsewhere); here you may buy not only medicines but also cosmetics and toilet supplies.
Dairy firms have shops in various parts of London, too, and you may buy not only dairy produce but also groceries, soap and household articles.
Most of the food stores, called supermarkets, operate on the self-service system: you go in, pick up a basket, walk round the shop and choose what you want. At the exit there is a check-out point, a cash-desk where you pay for all your goods together.
(from "Limba Engleza in Conversatie"by Galateanu-Farnoaga)
words: garments – одежда, off-the-peg clothes – готовая одежда,Haberdashery – галантерея, Millinery – дамские шляпы, Gowns – униформа/женская одежда, Mantles – верхняя одежда, Layette – для новорожденных, chain-stores – однотипный фирменный магазин, foodstuffs – продукты питания.
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