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TURKEY
-CONTENTS-
ABOUT TURKEY
Geography
Turkey's land mass is 774.815 sq km. Anatolia is a high plateau region rising progressively towards the East, and is broken by the valleys of about fifteen rivers. There are numerous lakes; and the greatest lake Van is larger than some inland seas. In the North, the Eastern Black Sea Mountain chain runs parallel to the Black Sea; in the South, The Taurus Mountains sweep down almost to the narrow, fertile coastal plain along the sea coast.
Climate
Turkey enjoys a variety of climates changing from the temperate and rainy climate of Black Sea to the continental climate of the interior, then, to the Meditarenean climate of the Agean and the Meditarenean Coastal regions.
Summers are hot, springs are warm and winters are usually are cold or cool. Autumn is nice for the entire duration of September and October. Then the wheather starts to cool down.
The above is what you should expect normally. However global climate changes, as you may have noticed in your own country. So there may be small changes in the climate descriptions given above.
Government and Policies
The Turkish Republic is based on a secular, democratic, pluralist and parliamentary system, where human rights are protected by law.
Population and People
Turkey has 66 millions of inhabitants. 99% of the population are Muslim. Istanbul is the greatest city having over 10 millions of inhabitants.
Turkish society have modernized after the revolutions and reforms of Ataturk-the founder of Turkey. Westernization is high at cities but traditions of Turkey are different from West. The people at the country side are more conservative and traditional.
Hospitality is one of the cornerstones of the Turkish way of life. Every Turkish people feels bound to honour his guest in the best possible manner.
Language
The oldest written records of Turkish are found upon stone monuments in Central Asia, in the Orhun, Yenisey and Talas regions within the boundaries of present day Mongolia, and belong to the years 725, 732 and 735 A.D. After the formation of the Turkish Republic in 1923 and following the achievement of national unity, Latin alphabet using Turkish phonetics was adopted in 1928.
TURKEY - THE COUNTRY OF DREAMS
Turkey - just the name itself conjures up visions of oriental splendour, mystery and intrigue. This was the country of sultans, harems, opulent places and the mighty Ottomans. The meeting point of the world's great civilizations, Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman, former centre of Christendom, the crossroads of Asia and Europe, this is a unique country.
This land of seas, mountain ranges, high plateaus and fertile river valleys is the dividing line between the Orient and the Occident. It was also the nucleus of the 1,000-year Byzantine Empire with its capital established at Constantinople. It was here, too, that early Christianity first took root, to be replaced with the advent of Islam, first under the Arabs, then under the Seljuk Turks and the Ottoman Turks. The frontiers of the Ottoman Empire spread from the Persian Gulf to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Indian Ocean to Vienna.
Slowly, however, territorial gains whittled away until all that remained was the spirit of the Turks. Under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Atatьrk, the Turkish people established the modern Repuclic of Turkey in the ancient land of Anatolia.
There are snow-capped mountains, rolling steppes, broad rivers, verdant coasts and rich agricultural valleys. The countryside is more like a national park, a virtual open-air museum. The great cities of Troy, Ephesus, Pergamum, Miletus and Halicarnassus are here waiting to be discovered for that once-in-a-lifetime experience. Here is a country with more classical ruins than Greece, more monuments of Islam than Arabia and more churches than Rome.Its attractions range from the exaggerated and huge, like the decapitated stone kings of Mount Nemrut, to the exquisite and refined tilework in the imperial mosques of Эstanbul. You can ski in an alpine style winter resort or bathe in warm Mediterranean waters in November, watch the dervishes whirl in December and greased wrestlers battle in the spring. You can take in the renowned biblical sites or go on a gourmet tour sampling dishes once prepared for the Ottoman Sultans.
This vast country is not all history and harking back to a great past. Today's Turkey is a safe, modern, secular and Western-oriented country with a booming economy. Her cities with their glittering shopping centres, business towers and fashion boutiques reflect a contemporary minded people living cosmopolitan lifestyles. Turkey, a modern society in a historic setting, is a nation looking boldly toward the future and embracing its role, not as the dividing line between East and West, but rather as the bridge between them.
Wherever you go in Turkey you will be greeted and cared for with generosity. Indeed, the tradition of Turkish hospitality declares that every traveller is a guest from God. Here you will find people who enjoy life and are eager to share their optimism with you while sipping tea served hot and sweet in a traditional tulip-shaped glass.
Here is a country where graceful minarets are silhouetted against the horizon, where ancient churches covered in fragrant honeysuckle stand unannounced next to the shimmering waters of the Aegean, where weatherworn monuments bear witness to 4,000 years of history. All of these sights and sounds -and much more- are waiting for you to experience in one single country.
A MAP OF TURKEY
ANITKABIR
Anэtkabir is the mausoleum of Kemal Atatьrk, the leader of Turkish War of Independence and the founder and first president of the Republic of Turkey. it is located in Ankara, Anittepe quarter. It is designed by architects Prof.Emin Onat and Asst.Prof. Orhan Arda, who won the competition held by the Turkish Government in 1941 for a "monumental mausoleum" for Atatьrk, out of a total of 45 international proposals.
The site is also the final resting place of Эsmet Эnцnь, the second President of Turkey, who was interred there after he died in 1973. His tomb faces the Atatьrk Mausoleum, on the opposite side of the Ceremonial Ground.
Anэtkabir Idea:
The great leader of Turkish Independence War and Turkish Revolution and the founder of Turkish Republic Mustafa Kemal Atatьrk's life, with full of struggtes for Turkish land's freedom and endeavours to raise the Turkish Nation to the level of contemporary civilization, lasted 57 years. it ended on 10 November 1938 and the great leader passed to eternity.
Mustafa Kemal Atatьrk is a great leader, achieving to make Turkey a member of contemporary civilization with all its institutions, has a special place in the history of humanities. The idea to build a mausoleum to reflect his greatness in every respect and to present his thoughts on principles, his reforms and modernization, was the common desire of the Turkish Nation in deepest grief of losing Atatьrk.
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