|
Читайте также: |
Exercise 1. Match the words with their corresponding definitions.
career rivalry to train
skill competitor to deal with
stage successor vacation
competence sponsorship organization
retirement
a. skill that you need to do a particular job;
b. competition between people, companies, organizations etc. that are in the same business or selling goods or services in the same market;
c. one of several points that something reaches as it grows and develops;
d. an ability to do something well, especially because you have learned and practiced it;
e. a job or profession that you have been trained for and intend to do for your working life, and which offers the chance to be promoted (move up through different levels);
f. to do business with a person or company or to have a business connection with them;
g. a rival in business offering the same or similar goods or services;
h. to teach someone or to be taught the skills and knowledge needed for a particular job;
i. the act of leaving a job because you have reached the end of your working life, or the period of your life after you do this;
j. the act of officially supporting a proposal or suggestion;
k. a period of time when people are on holiday or not working;
l. a company, business, group etc. that has been formed for a particular purpose;
m. person who succeeds another.
Exercise 2. Read and translate the text.
Career Stages.
People move through stages as they grow and mature. From infancy to adolescence to adulthood, our needs, our wants, our goals, and our hopes change. We move through career stages too, in which our task and emotional needs change as well. (Table).
We begin in the trial stage, where we explore job opportunities. Emotionally we're ready to start settling down after years of high school and college.
Next we move into the establishment stage. Here we confront the challenge of our job, develop organizational and task competence, and take on different responsibilities as we advance. Emotionally we begin to deal with competitors and rivalry, face work-family conflicts, and expand our independence.
By the time we enter the midcareer stage, we have to update our skills and develop new ones to meet new responsibilities. We also begin to train younger employees. At the same time, our emotional needs are changing.
We become aware of our own mortality, and begin to rethink our relationships at work and home.
In the late-career stage we begin planning foe retirement, choosing and developing our successors. We move from a power role to sponsorship - of peoples, ideas, and organizational programs. Emotionally we want to leave our mark, to see our work used as a basis for others' efforts, and to create a new identity for ourselves outside the organization.
The stages are there in every career. What isn't is self-management. Most of us spend more time planning a week's vacation than we do setting the direction of our careers. Yet managing our own careers is probably the most important job we have.
Table. Career stages and needs.
| Stage | Task needs | Emotional needs |
| Trial | Varied job activities | Self-exploration Settling down |
| Mid career | Technical updating New-skill development Training and coaching younger employees | Express feelings about morality Rethink relationship to work, family, and community |
| Late career | Retirement planning Identifying and developing successors Shift from power role to sponsorship Activities outside the organization | Leave a mark Sense of identity in extraorgaizational activities |
Exercise 3. Give the definitions to the words in italics.
1. We move through career stages too.
2. We try to choose goals that help us to grow in our careers.
3. To remain in the guild, members must maintain their standards of professional competence.
4. We have to update our skills and develop new ones to meet responsibilities.
5. Retailers have been pressing manufactures to keep prices from rising as they face heavy store-versus-store rivalry.
6. I have dealt with their company for a long time.
7. So now that our competitors are running into a bit of trouble, we can concentrate more on this export business.
8. We also begin to train younger employees.
9. On December 10th, Charles Stevenson celebrated his much deserved retirement after thirty-seven years of dedicated service with the company.
10. In the late-career stage we begin planning for retirement, choosing and developing our successors.
11. The project has benefited from the personal sponsorship of the new technical director.
12. We want to create a new identity for ourselves outside the organization.
13. Mr. Williams was on vacation and couldn’t be reached.
Exercise 4. Complete the passage using the following words and phrases:
to retire, stage, skills, growth, job choice, job search, contributor, organization, accomplishments.
In the organizational entry 1..., the individual has the task of selecting a first job and an organization in which to being pursuing one’s chosen occupation. The 2...... associated with this stage may take a number of months to complete and may lead to a 3...... that is compatible with one’s talents and career values.
The early career stage brings two major phases. In the first phase, the individual is usually concerned mainly with learning about the job and the 4..., as well as being accepted as an able 5.... In the second phase, the individual is typically heavily oriented toward building a record of significant 6... that relates to success as the individual has defined it. This stage typically extends from age 25 to about 40.
The mid career stage is a time of adjusting to middle adulthood and attempting to find ways of continuing 7... (rather than stagnating or allowing one’s 8... to become obsolete).
The late career stage begins somewhere around age 55 and extends until a person actually 9....
Exercise 5. Match the words and phrases with their corresponding definitions:
1. to be a real career woman
2. to be career-minded (oriented)
3. to be a career politician
4. a brilliant career
5. to deal in
6. to be promoted
7. to retire
8. to take early retirement
a. to move up through different levels
b. b. to spend one’s life working as a politician
c. a working life which is very successful
d. to be interested in and spend most of the time on her job
e. to retire before the usual age
f. to buy and sell
g. to give a lot of attention to one’s job
h. to stop working
Exercise 6. Complete the sentences using the phrases (1-8) from Exercise 5. Change the form of the words where necessary.
1. Judith is very....
2. She’s just...... which means a company car and an extra five thousand.
3. When he retires he will be able to look back over a.......
4. Elaine has become a..........
5. 290 employees are eligible to..........
6. Since she... from the company, she has begun to work as a volunteer for a charity.
7. Francis is going to..........
8. They mainly...... cruelty-free cosmetics.
Exercise 7. Translate into English.
2. Он интересуется только работой, видимо, поэтому у него нет семьи.
3. Он профессиональный политик и посветил этой деятельности всю свою жизнь.
4. Он начал свою трудовую деятельность, работая клерком в небольшой фирме. Сейчас он президент крупной компании. Он сделал блестящую карьеру.
5. Они торгуют автомобилями, которые привозят из Юго-Восточной Азии.
6. Он продвинулся по службе, обойдя других.
7. Он ушел в отставку после 30 лет преданной службы.
8. Он был вынужден уйти в отставку, не достигнув пенсионного возраста.
2. Отставка – это сложение своих полномочий должностным лицом.
3. Конкурент – лицо, группа лиц, фирма, предприятие, соперничающие в достижении идентичных целей, в стремлении обладать теми же ресурсами, благами, занимать положение на рынке.
4. Соперничество – финансовая поддержка или помощь в обмен на рекламу своей деятельности или продукции.
5. Конкуренция – соперничество на каком-либо поприще, борьба за достижение лучших результатов. Это соперничество между частными производителями за более выгодные условия производства и сбыта товаров.
6. Карьера – деятельность на каком-либо поприще, продвижение в служебной деятельности, достижение известности и славы.
7. Преемник – это тот, кто занял должность своего предшественника или продолжатель чьей-либо деятельности.
8. Преемник может получить от своего предшественника какие-либо права, обязанности и общественное положение.
9. Отпуск – освобождение от работы или службы на определенный срок для отдыха и других целей.
10. Компетенция – это область вопросов, в которых человек хорошо осведомлен.
11. Организация – это государственное учреждение или предприятие.
12. Коммерческая организация это юридическое лицо. Основная цель такой организации – получение прибыли.
Дата добавления: 2015-10-02; просмотров: 98 | Нарушение авторских прав
| <== предыдущая страница | | | следующая страница ==> |
| SECTION 3. SUPPLEMENTARY READING. | | | SECTION 2. SKILLS FOCUS. |