Identify the meaning of the basic modals and modal expressions in the sentences below.

1. Other women may fret about their men going to football matches or fishing weekends.
2. The strain of the separation caused by Tito’s months of training may prove difficult to overcome.
3. I tried to detach myself from him emotionally so that I could get on with my life.
4. They may let you go in the Mir space Station.
5. At the end of January Russia said he could go up in the ISS.
6. I don’t think about things he could have bought.
7. I was worried he might die.
8. I was going to throw up and miss the launch.
9. Tito may have finally achieved his ambition.
10. Dawn was unable to enjoy the moment.
11. I couldn’t speak for hours.
12. Space travel should be open to anyone

15. Listen to a dialogue which runs about Ann, Mary, Bill and George’s holiday at the sea. Fill in the gaps with the modal verbs and modal expressions.

Dialogue

– Hello, Bill! Ann and I have just come out of the sea. The water’s lovely this morning.

– Yes, I’ve been watching you from this rock. You 1)______ be tired. You’ve been swimming for more than an hour.

– Yes, we need a rest now. Have you been fishing all the time? Haven’t you caught anything yet?

– Well, I 2)______ tell a lie, I suppose. I’ve been sitting on the rock since breakfast, but I haven’t caught any fish yet. Ann, you 3)_______ smile like that. I 4)______catch something before we go back to London.

– You 5)______ catch a cold, Bill, but I don’t think you’ll catch a fish. Well, I’m hungry. We’ll 6)_______ go to lunch soon. Where’s George?

– 7)_____you ask? There he is, over there at that table under the trees. He’s been waiting for us to come to lunch for at least half an hour.

– 8) We______ hurry then. Come along and change, Ann.

– Oh, here you all are at last. I’ve been getting hungry at every minute.

– Poor, George. Still you 9)_________ have waited for us.

– That’s all right! We 10)_________ wait long for a lunch anyway. I’ve already ordered it.

– Good. It’s lucky we 11)_________depend on the fish Bill catches.

– You 12)_______tease me about all the time, Ann. Before we leave here I’ll catch some fish for our supper.

– I’ll eat my hat if you do, Bill.

– Now you 13) ______catch some fish, Bill, then Ann 14)________eat her hat.

– Well, he hasn’t much time. We 15)_______leave here on Sunday, you know. Are there any other places we 16)_______visit before we go?

– Oh yes, we 17)_______certainly have a picnic on that little island in the bay. We’ll need a boat, of course. It 18)_______be a big boat. We 19)______row there ourselves. 20)_____you row, girls?

– Well, we 21)_______ both row a little.

– Good, 22)_______ there tomorrow, 23)_______we? Now that we’ve found two people to do all the hard work of rowing the boat.

– If you depended on our rowing you’d never reach the island. Anyhow, if you make us row you’ll 24)________prepare all the food for the picnic.

– No, in that case, we’ll do the rowing.

16. Define the meaning of the modal verbs in the following sentences:

1. They can’t have been on the move for long.

2. Can waterways be the easiest and safest means of transportation?

3. They should give up cultivating those rocky lands.

4. Could speed and movement have become a national obsession after the invention of the automobile?

5. You needn’t stand long hours in the line. Tickets can be booked in advance. All you have to do is to ring up the booking office.

6. I must make my preparations.

7. Shall I visit my friends on the eve of my departure?

8. You can’t arrange your suitcases on the racks. Put them under the berth.

9. Can she have failed to enjoy the beauty of nature?

10. They can’t have got tired of relaxation.

11. You must have become homesick.

12. He may feel like returning home.

13. Our Government ought to invest in tourism to help our economy.

14. You needn’t have taken hard currencies out of the country.

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