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Input devices such as scanners and cameras (a digital camera or a camcorder) allow you to capture and copy images into a computer.
What does a scanner do?
A scanner “sees” images and converts the printed text or picture into electric codes that can be understood by the computer.
With a flatbed scanner, the paper with the image is placed face down on a glass screen similar to a photocopier. Beneath the glass are the lighting and measurement devices. Once the scanner is activated, it reads the image as a series of dots and then generates the digitized image that is sent to the computer and stored as a file.
A colour scanner operates by using three rotating lamps, each of which has a different coloured filter: red, green and blue. The resulting three separate images are combined into one by appropriate software.
There are different types of scanners: a flatbed scanner, a film scanner, a hand-held scanner, a pen scanner and a barcode scanner.
A flatbed scanner is used on a desktop; it can capture text, colour images and even small 3D objects.
A film scanner is used to scan film negatives or 35 mm slides – pictures on photographic film, mounted in a frame.
A hand-held scanner is small and T-shaped, ideal to capture small pictures and logos.
A pen scanner looks like a pen; you can scan text, figures, barcodes and handwritten numbers.
Barcode scanners read barcodes on the products sold in shops and send the price to the computer in the cash register. Barcodes consist of a series of black and white stripes used to give products a unique identification number.
The resolution of a scanner is measures in dpi or dots per inch. For example; a 1, 200 dpi scanner gives clearer, more detailed images than a 300 dpi scanner.
What does a digital camera do?
A digital camera takes photos electronically and converts them into digital data (binary codes made up of 1s and 0s). It doesn’t use the film found in a normal camera; instead it has a special light-sensitive silicon chip. Photographs are stored in the camera’s memory before being sent to a computer. Some cameras can be also connected to a printer or TV set, to make viewing images easier. Many printers have a special socket so that you can print images directly from a memory card or camera.
What does a camcorder do?
A camcorder, or digital video camera, records moving pictures and converts them into digital data that can be stored and edited by a computer with a special video editing software.
Digital video cameras are used by home users to create their own movies, or by professionals in computer art and video conferencing.
They are also used to send live video images via the Internet. Then they are called Web cameras or webcams.
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