A meaningful definition of negotiation

Let's begin with a definition of negotiation, the first part in understanding how to be a more effective negotiator, to manage conflict, and to get what you want. Here we define negotiation - what it is and is not.

What is negotiation?

Negotiation is any activity that influences another person. Here's how a number of leading thinkers define the topic:

* Negotiating is the process of getting the best terms once the other side starts to act on their interest.

On Negotiating by Mark H. McCormack

* ... negotiating is... a means of achieving one's goals in every relationship regardless of the circumstances.

The Art of Negotiating by Gerard I. Nierenberg

* Negotiation is a field of knowledge and endeavor that focuses on gaining the favor of people from whom we want things.

You Can Negotiate Anything by Herb Cohen

* Negotiation is a basic means of getting what you want from others.

Getting to Yes by Roger Fisher & William Ury

Our definition of negotiation Negotiation is a process to get what you want.

Notice that negotiation is a process, a means to an end. It is the journey of how we get to the destination not the destination itself. This doesn't mean losing sight of the destination but rather, paying more attention to how we get there. It's all about "process".

Negotiation is multi-faceted

A good definition of negotiation may recognise context (the background against which it is set) because much of negotiation in business today is "live" ie conducted in real time. Here are a number of typical contexts, each affecting how your negotiation will play out:

* Time - specific deadlines; a sense of urgency; an initial or follow-up opportunity/meeting and all that entails; inaction

* Environment - physical environment (and its impact upon our senses); professional or cultural expectations ("here, we do it this way")

* Personalities - temperament and behaviour; number of people in the setting

* Information - knowledge or lack of; perception of one another's knowledge base

* Personal issues - personal identity and ability; distractions external to the meeting

* Hierarchy - ability to command/demand performance; deference

These scenarios often lend a three-dimensional feeling, making every negotiation fluid, constantly changing, creating a sense of something always happening. Cohen captures context astutely when he uses the term, "web of tension". This paints rich, visual pictures of a spider delicately sensing the vibrations of prey caught in its web; or a computer game's avatar bounding over a dynamic landscape, each footstep sinking down into the surface while simultaneously pushing up the surface somewhere else.

Negotiation is NOT compromise. "Compromise" means giving concessions or settling upon an intermediate point between two positions. It is not a means of getting what you want. Whenever anyone on the other side of the bargaining table offers the word compromise they are voicing their preparedness to lose... and we're about to find out how much it will cost.

Negotiation is a method by which people settle differences. It is a process by which compromise or agreement is reached while avoiding argument. In any disagreement, individuals understandably aim to achieve the best possible outcome for their position (or perhaps an organisation they represent). However, the principles of fairness, seeking mutual benefit and maintaining a relationship are the keys to a successful outcome.

Specific forms of negotiation are used in many situations: international affairs, the legal system, government, industrial disputes or domestic relationships as examples. However, general negotiation skills can be learned and applied in a wide range of activities. Negotiation skills can be of great benefit in resolving any differences that arise between you and others. Negotiation can be a structured process using many differentinterpersonal skills.

Why Negotiate?

It is inevitable that, from time-to-time, conflict and disagreement will arise as the differing needs, wants, aims and beliefs of people are brought together. Without negotiation, such conflicts may lead to argument and resentment resulting in one or all of the parties feeling dissatisfied. The point of negotiation is to try to reach agreements without causing future barriers to communications.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14