Necessity (in negative and interrogative sentences)

You needn't tell us anything.

You don't need to tell us anything.

As a regular verb it is also used in affirmative sentences:

You need to pay more attention to your work.

Note. Permission not to do something is expressed by don't have to, don't need to, needn't:

You needn't (don't have to, don't need to) do this exercise in writing. (можете не делать…)

6.11.3. needn't + perfect infinitive show that an unnecessary action was carried out

You needn't have bought these flowers for her, she doesn't like them.

6.11.4. to be in want of is expressed by the regular need

He needs money badly.

Does she need our help?

Exercises

Exercise 46. Analyse the meanings of need. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. There were, in any case, various aspects to the matter I felt needed to clarify to myself before proceeding further. (K.I.) 2. "I needed to know I could stand on my own two feet," says Bach, who stays active off-camera in animal right's causes. (People) 3. But I needed to get off the merry-go-round. I didn't sing a note for two years. (People) 4. "I flew over to London to get some clothes." "You needn't have done that," I smiled. (S.M.) 5. I would also need to see to the matter of costumes. (K.I.) 6. One need hardly dwell on the catastrophic possibility of uttering a bantering remark only to discover it wholly inappropriate. (K.I.) 7. But they'll (houses and clothes) last for centuries, nobody need bother. (S.L.) 8. Various other questions concerning arrangements here in the house during my absence will need to be settled. (K.I.) 9. "I don't doubt what you tell me, and I am sorry to hear it." "You needn't make a merit of that," she said. (Ch.D.) 10. Mrs. Rachael, I needn't inform you, who were acquainted with the late Miss Barbary's affairs, that her means die with her. (Ch.D.) 11. What the destitute subject of such an offer tried to say, I need not repeat. (Ch.D.) 12. You need sleep and Scarlett is here, so you need not worry about anything. (M.Mit.) 13. We needn't have ordered so much food as nobody was hungry. (L.Prodromou) 14. "He's okay," said Phil Cavilleri to his daughter. I didn't need to have "okay" defined; I merely wished to know what of my few actions had earned for me that cherished epithet. (E.S.) 15. I guess my father needs to hear the phrase as much as a fish needs water… (E.S.) 16. … rich baronets do not need to be careful about grammar, as poor governesses must be. (W.Th.)

Exercise 47. Paraphrase the sentences using need.

1. Is it necessary for you to do it now? 2. Why did they hurry? It was absolutely unnecessary for them. 3. I don't think you should argue about it. 4. They are grown up. I see no reason why she should worry about them. 5. It's no use telling him lies. He knows everything. 6. The hat is old-fashioned. Why did you buy it? 7. It's not necessary for us to walk. There is a bus stop over there. 8. I've given them permission not to come today. 9. He said it was not necessary for me to buy the book, because he had a spare copy and would give it to me. 10. Is it necessary for me to phone them at once? 11. We are permitted to give no explanation. 12. Why did you delay the departure? It was unnecessary!

Exercise 48. Translate the sentences into English using need.

1. Нужно ли мне сделать еще одну копию этого документа? 2.Тебе надо покачать ребенка в колыбели, и он скоро заснет. 3. Ей нужно похудеть, прежде чем ее примут в танцевальный кружок. 4. Можешь не гладить эту блузку, я ее не надену. 5. Тебе нужно было ответить на все эти послания? 6. Зачем нам беспокоиться об этом заранее? 7. Он говорит, ему нужно работать, чтобы не потерять чувство собственного достоинства. 8. Не торопись вызывать такси, мне нужно будет упаковать оставшиеся вещи и сделать несколько важных звонков. 9. Вам не нужно повторять все это, я вас понял. 10. Зря мы беспокоились. Он сдержал свое слово. 11. Нужно ли ему рассказывать об этом? Все уже знают. 12. Можете не включать свет, я все хорошо вижу. 13. Ах, если бы я была уверена, что ему нужна моя любовь! 14. Вам будет необходимо подготовить эту комнату к их приезду. 15. Сдачу можешь мне не отдавать. 16. Тебе действительно нужна наша помощь? 17. Мне не пришлось представлять своего друга, т.к. там его все хорошо знали.

Dare

6.12. Dare can be used as a modal and a regular verb. It has the following meaning:

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