Unit 2. Past Simple

Exercise 1. Make sentences interrogative.

Example: The car of police patrol drove near my house twice a day formerly. (What car/How often) – What car drove near my house twice a day formerly? How often did the car of police patrol drive near my house formerly?

1. The first Article never became part of the Constitution. (What/When) 2. Towards the end of the 18^th century the monarch still had considerable influence over Parliament. (Who/When ) 3. The Parliament Act 1911 reduced the limit on the length of a Parliament to five years. (What/How) 4. The independent “republics” of India existed as early as the sixth century BC. (What/When) 5. English common law judge Sir Edward Coke revived the idea of rights based on citizenship. (What idea/Who) 6. In 1770, more than 2 million people lived and worked in 13 North American colonies. (Where/What colonies) 7. “Black Tuesday” was the day that the stock market crashed. (What kind of/When) 8. President Wilson issued a presidential proclamation establishing a national Flag Day on June 14. (What proclamation/Who/What) 9. The Second War of American Independence against Britain lasted three years. (Whom … against/How long) 10. Attorney General brought together 34 investigators into a special agent force. (How many/How) 11. Independence Hall became the home of the Liberty Bell over 200 years ago. (When/What) 12. In the centuries past, nobody mentioned politics or religion in polite conversation. (Who/Where)

Exercise 2. Open the brackets and put the verb into the correct form.

Example: The UN officially … into existence on 24 October 1945 (to come). – The UN officially came into existence on 24 October 1945.

1. The idea of adding a bill of rights to the Constitution … originally controversial (to be). 2. Federalists … in the British system of common law which … or quantify natural rights … (to believe, not to define). 3. The principle of ministerial responsibility to the lower House … until the 19th century (not to develop). 4. In 1976, Lord Hailsham … a now widely used name for behaviour, in an academic paper called “elective dictatorship” (to create). 5. After Abraham Lincoln … the president in 1860, 11 Southern states … from the Union and … an independent government – the Confederate States of America (to become, to withdraw, set up). 6. Japan … in September 1945, after the U.S. … atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki (to surrender, to drop). 7. Several prominent figures, including Eleanor Roosevelt, Martin Luther King Jr., John Kennedy, and Richard Nixon, … shape America’s modern era (to help). 8. During 20^th century Americans … to the moon, … in the civil rights movement and the fight for equal rights for women, … relations with China, and … the fall of communism in Russia and Eastern Europe (to go, to usher, to establish, to witness). 9. The Founding Fathers … the bald eagle to be the national bird of the United States in 1782 (to choose). 10. When Edward … a child, he … to be a judge (to be, not to want). 11. Sherlock Holmes … a great detective, who … on Backer-Street (to be, to live). 12. The Prime Minister … two reports yesterday (to read).

Exercise 3. Complete the sentences using one of these verbs.

infiltrate rule discuss settle make evolve

come control reduce do be open

revive hear leave see investigate create

Example: The Queen … the session of Parliament yesterday. – The Queen opened the session of Parliament yesterday.

1. In the 19^th century members of the Upper House … tiny constituencies. 2. The Government of Ireland Act 1920 … the parliaments of Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland and … the representation of both parts at Westminster. 3. Two Spartan Kings … simultaneously but came from two separate lines. 4. 17^th-century English philosopher John Locke … natural rights in his work. 5. That private investigator … a lot of work last year. 6. Many of the people who … in the New World … to escape religious persecution during the 19^th century. 7. Many years ago, FBI … a few categories of crime. 8. When hackers … Citibank Automatic Teller Machines, they … the fear of everyone. 9. He … a deposition that he … a witness of that accident. 10. The Democratic Party from the party of Thomas Jefferson. 11. The witnesses … the shot, but … the murder. 12. The Minister … his office 20 minutes ago.

Exercise 4. Correct the mistakes where necessary.

Example: Different conquerors do burn London several times. – Different conquerors burnt London several times.

1. Five states send recommendations for amendments with their ratification documents to the new Congress. 2. Aristotle continues the work of his teacher, Plato, and laid the foundations of political philosophy. 3. In the 1980s, Margaret Thatcher dominating British politics. 4. In 1987 the two parties of the Alliance did agree to merge to form a new party, the Liberal Democrats, although some Social Democrats prefers to remain independent. 5. The advocate argueded the client’s case in court but did not won. 6. His mother camed to his university and haved a long conversation with his dean. 7. No one wanted to learn the truth about that murder: everyone been afraid. 8. He obtained divorce last year. 9. “I not understoond anything.” “Why? Was the lecture so complicated?” 10. In the reign of Stalin political prisoners serves their time with the murderers and recidivists. 11. The private detective handes the escaped criminal over to the police. 12. Mr. Brown meet his solicitor three times last week and discussed the terms of his marriage contract.

Exercise 5. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.

1. В 1909 Палата Общин приняла так называемый «Народный бюджет», который ввел много изменений в налоговую систему. 2. Раньше «Духовые Лорды» включали всех высших сановников Английской церкви. 3. Конституционные реформы Спарты основали военное государство. 4. Хадчесон детально разработал идею о неотчуждаемых правах людей в своих трудах. 5. Холодная Война не была настоящей войной между Америкой и Советским Союзом. 6. На президентских выборах 1876 года демократ Самюэль Тильден выиграл всеобщее голосование, но президентом стал республиканец Рузерфорд Хайес. 7. Невезучий вор пробурил ход в Британский банк на выходных, но не попал в сейф. 8. Авторы конституции предусмотрели возможность для внесения поправок в документ, если политические условия потребуют их. 9. Премьер Министр Великобритании вчера выбрал дату следующих всеобщих выборов. 10. Три часа назад подозреваемый признал свою вину во время допроса. 11. Год назад часы приема нотариуса были с 12 до 17 по средам и пятницам. 12. Полицейский задавал ему много вопросов и отпустил его только утром.

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