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· How is language related to culture?
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Language is related to culture in that language not only frames our thoughts but also reflects events that a particular culture experiences. For instance, the native people of Alaska have more than twenty words for snow. There can be serious consequences if one uses the wrong word in that certain words indicate how safe it is to travel under these snow conditions.
In one of the Pacific Island tribes that I studied in Sociology, their counting system consisted of one, two and many. More than two items were many. Therefore they did not have the concept of "a dozen eggs."
In some cultures they do not have words for certain emotions--such as love, fear, hate, etc. Thus in a culture that does not have the word fear, they would not build a theme park because the members of the culture would not experience the thrill of being "frightened" by the experience.
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From a linguistist/sociologist's standpoint, language and culture are often, but not necessarily, related. Language is a system for expressing ideas, so anyone inventing a language (or, attempting to add to an existing one), must naturally have some idea to express. The above illustrates places where certain ideas do not exist, so the local languages in use obviously have no word for that idea.
However, language does not define a culture, nor vice versa. All cultures have at least one language for communication between the culture's members, but a culture can have several languages, which may be different in their ability to express given ideas. There are also languages (sometimes called "artificial" languages) which don't have a specific culture, but are rather global or multi-cultural in origin (things such as Esperonto, the version of English used for Air Traffic Control, even mathematics).
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