VII Прочтите и устно переведите текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 2, 3, 4, 5-й абзацы.

London

1 London was not built as a city in the same way¹ as Paris or New York. It began life as a Roman fortification at a place where the Romans first crossed the river Thames. They built a city a square mile in size, surrounded it with a wall and called it Londinium. This original site of London is now called the City of London and is Britain’s main financial centre. It is one of the banking centers of the world and there are banks of many nations in the famous Threadneedle Street and the surrounding area². Here, too, you will find the Bank of England, the Stock Exchange and Lloyds, the most famous insurance company in the world.

2 Gradually,London has spread into thecountry, including surrounding villages. It explains the fact that London does not have one centre, it has a number of centers, each with a distinct character: the City, mentioned above³, the shopping and entertainment center in the West End, the government center in Westminster. Covent Garden in London’s West End is crowded with cafes, clubs and clothes shops. Soho is known for its clubs. Knightsbridge has a lot of expensive shops and embassies. Fleet Street is the home of the Law Courts. Outside the centre of London there are many areas which used to be⁴ small villages and still managed⁵ to keep their village character.

3 Londonis very attractive to the tourists. There are plenty of historical monuments such as St Paul’s Cathedral designed by a famous architect Sir Christopher Wren, the Tower of London built by William the Conqueror more than 900 years ago, the Houses of Parliament, the Westminster Abbey. From Norman times British monarchs have been crowned in the Westminster Abbey and later they have been buried there.

Trafalgar Square was built early in the last century. Admiral Lord Nelson’s Statue stands in top of a column in the middle of the Square. The square is a good place for people to meet.

4 Many places in London are connected with the Crown. There are royal palaces, royal parks and colorful ceremonies. The most important building is Buckingham Palace, the official residence of the Queen.

5 The East End grew with the spread of industries to the east of the City and the growth of the port of London. It is a place where working people and immigrants live.

Пояснения к тексту:

¹in the same way – подобным образом; так же как

2the surrounding area – окружающая территория

³mentioned above – упомянутый выше

4used to be – зд. в прошлом были

5managed - (им) удалось

VIII Прочтите 2-й абзац текста и письменно ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. Why does London have a number of centers?

2. Where can you go to buy clothes in London?

Вариант №4

I Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием -s(-es) и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно:

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