Читайте также:
|
|
Tab. 11.8 Comparison of ZP and PZ treatments on (E/O)
pretreated hardwood sulfite dissolving pulps [46].
Sequence Ozone charge
[kg odt–1]
Viscosity*)
[mL g–1]
Brightness Carbonyla
[lmol g–1]
Carboxyl
[lmol g–1]
Initital
[% ISO]
72 h, 105 °C
[% ISO]
P 640 87.2 81.8 16.8 34.4
PZ 2 575 93.2 87.9 22.9 33.7
4 460 94.3 88.8 29.9 36.6
6 390 94.4 88.4 38.4 42.7
ZP 2 529 94.3 91.0 22.3 31.3
4 463 95.4 92.8 21.0 35.0
6 390 95.4 92.5 24.2 40.9
A. CCOA method.
*) no borohydride treatment prior to viscosity measurement
Dissolving Grade Pulp
3 4 5 6 7
0.0
0.3
0.6
0.9
(E/O)-P
(E/O)-Z-P: 2 kg O
/odt
Kg O
/odt
Kg O
/odt
carbonyl content [a.u.]
Log Molecular Weight
Fig. 11.14 Profile of carbonyl groups generated
through ZP-treatment of an (E/O) pretreated
Beech sulfite dissolving pulp as a function of
Increasing ozone charges. For a more detailed
characterization, see Tab. 11.8 and [46]. Estimation
Of the carbonyl group profile by
Subtracting the contribution of the reducing
Endgroups from the total amount of carbonyls,
Assuming that the amount of reducing endgroups
Relates to the MWn determined from
GPC measurement [45]
The profile of carbonyl groups changes completely when the bleaching
Sequence is reversed and ozonation represents the final treatment. Parallel to a
Continuous increase of the overall carbonyl group content, the amount of carbonyl
Groups introduced into the high molecular-weight region increases relative to the
Amount generated into the low molecular-weight region, as depicted in Fig. 11.15.
The generation of carbonyls during ozonation gives rise to enhanced depolymerization
Of the oxidized cellulose in a subsequent alkaline hydrogen peroxide
Stage (P) due to b-elimination reaction, thus stabilizing the cellulose chain against
Further alkaline processing (e.g., steeping). The higher selectivity of a PZ over a
ZP treatment can be recognized by GPC measurement in LiCl/DMAc, while simple
Viscosity measurement additionally induces depolymerization due to strong
Alkaline conditions (Fig. 11.16; see Tab. 11.8).
Stabilization of the cellulose chain against alkaline degradation also improves
The brightness stability of pulps. The thermal-induced color reversion, measured
as standardized brightness change, DR/R(after 72 h treatment at 105 °C), relates
To the overall carbonyl group content, as depicted in Fig. 11.17
Pulp Properties and Applications
3 4 5 6 7
0.0
0.3
0.6
0.9
(E/O)-P:
(E/O)-P-Z: 2 kg O
/odt
Kg O
/odt
Kg O
/odt
carbonyl content [a.u.]
Log Molecular Weight
Fig. 11.15 Profile of carbonyl groups generated
through PZ-treatment of an (E/O) pretreated
Beech sulfite dissolving pulp as a function of
Increasing ozone charges. For more detailed
characterization, see Tab. 11.8 and [46]. Estimation
Of the carbonyl group profile by
Subtracting the contribution of the reducing
Дата добавления: 2015-10-21; просмотров: 88 | Нарушение авторских прав
<== предыдущая страница | | | следующая страница ==> |
Reactions under strongly alkaline conditions. | | | Endgroups from the total amount of carbonyls |