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Are included in Tab. 11.7. As expected, the sulfite dissolving pulps (viscose,
High-viscosity ether) reveal a rather broad MWD, as indicated by the high PDI.
This is also reflected in the higher amount of short-chain molecules (DP <100),
Lower values for the alkali resistances, and the large difference between R18 and
R10 when comparing at a similar viscosity level. In the case of a high-viscosity
Ether pulp, the comparison is not valid because the entire molecular weight is
Shifted to higher values (Tab. 11.7).
There are many reports which confirm that the chain-length distribution in the
dissolving pulp is a crucial property in the production of rayon fibers [37]. The
short-chain molecules represent the weakest part in the fiber: the shorter the molecules,
The lower will be the number of molecules linking the crystalline regions.
Avela et al. were able to show that all strength characteristics are significantly
reduced with an increase in the low molecular-weight fraction [38]. Treiber
Dissolving Grade Pulp
3 4 5 6 7
Cotton Linters
HW-PHK
Acetate
HW-PHK
Viscose
SW-Sulfite
HV-Ether
HW-Sulfite
Viscose
dW/d(log M)
Log Molecular Weight
Fig. 11.11 Molecular weight distribution
(MWD) of different grades of sulfite and PHK
Wood dissolving pulps and cotton linters. GPC
measurement of cellulose solutions in LiCl/
DMAc with MALLS/RI detection according
to Schelosky et al. [36]. Detailed characterization
Of these pulps including numerical evaluation
Of GPC measurements is included in
Tab. 11.7.
Reported an increase in wet strength of regular and high wet modulus viscose
fibers with decreasing amount of the DP <200 fraction in the dissolving pulp
[39,40]. Clearly, the physico-mechanical properties of fibrous substrates are influenced
Not only by the macromolecular properties but also by the crystallite dimensions,
The degree of lateral order, and the orientation with respect to the fiber axis.
In order to bring out the effect of MWD on the strength properties of viscose
Fibers more clearly, the conditions of viscose preparation and viscose fiber production
Must be kept constant. Recently, detailed bench-scale trials were conducted
Imitating the regular production of rayon fibers. To obtain a representative view
On the suitability of dissolving pulps for viscose fiber production, laboratory pulps
Covering all four categories of dissolving pulps, namely HW-sulfite, SW-sulfite,
HW-PHK and SW-PHK, as well as a selection of commercial dissolving pulps
Were converted to regular viscose rayon staple fibers with a titer of 1.3 dtex. The
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The residual lignin is not only a concern for optical properties, but also governs | | | Results depicted in Fig. 11.7 clearly confirm the relationship between the maximum |